Memoirs: On a New Hermaphrodite Syllid

In this paper a new species of Syllid, named Pionosyllis neapolitana, is described, whose chief characteristics are that it is hermaphrodite, and has reproductive organs of remarkably complex and constant structure.1 There are a pair of testes in each of the segments 10, 11, and 12, and a pair of ovaries in every segment from the thirteenth backwards throughout the region of the true intestine. A pair of nephridia with small nephridiostomes occurs in every segment from the fifth backwards, except in segments 11, 12, and 13, in which they become transformed into nephromixia functioning as sperm-ducts. Each sperm-duct is provided with a ciliated coelomostome opening into a male segment, and its postseptal tubule is enlarged into a sperm-sac where the spermatozoa form spermatophores. Presumably copulation takes place, since spermatophores are found lodged in paired spermathecae opening to the exterior on every female segment. One ovum at a time in every ovary enlarges and is extruded dorsally, apparently by breaking through the body-wall. The ova by this time are fertilized. They develop to an advanced stage surrounded by a cuticular membrane, and attached in pairs to every female segment. The young escape from the membrane when about eighteen segments have been formed. When the ova pass to the exterior they become attached to the laterodorsal surface of the female segments by means of fixing threads formed by special paired organs of fixation. These organs are derived from the spermathecae. Possibly successive generations of ova are extruded, but this has not yet been observed, nor is it known whether the fixing organs can again function as spermathecae. Exactly how and when fertilization takes place has not so far been determined.

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Expansion of the genus Massinium (Holothuroidea: Thyonidae) to the American continent and description of a new species

Revista de Biología Tropical ◽

10.15517/rbt.v69isuppl.1.46363 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 (Suppl.1) ◽

pp. 304-311

Author(s):

Francisco-A. Solís-Marín ◽

Alfredo Laguarda-Figueras ◽

Carlos-A. Conejeros-Vargas ◽

Andrea-A. Caballero-Ochoa ◽

Alicia Durán-González

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New Record ◽

Body Wall ◽

Scuba Diving ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Geographic Range ◽

The Body ◽

American Continent ◽

Mexican Pacific ◽

A New Species

Introduction: The genus Massinium includes 11 species, most from the Indo Pacific Ocean, and had not previously being reported from the American continent. Objective: To present the new record of the genus Massinium and describe a new species of this genus. Methods: Material collection was done by SCUBA-diving to depths of a maximum of 9 m. Results: Massinium ocumichoensis sp. nov. is described from seven specimens that extends the range of the genus to the American continent (Guerrero, Michoacan and Jalisco, Mexico). The new species lives in sandy-rocky substrata, from 2 to 16 m deep. It is distinguished from its congeneric species by a combination of morphological characters: mid-dorsal slightly bigger pseudobuttons (40-60 μm), and tables in the body wall. A taxonomic key for distinguishing the species of Massinium is provided. Conclusions: The geographic range of the genus Massinium is extended to the Mexican Pacific with M. ocumichoensis sp. nov.

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Holothuria (Selenkothuria) carere, a new species of sea cucumber (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the Mexican Pacific

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2922.1.3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2922 (1) ◽

Author(s):

MAGALI HONEY-ESCANDÓN ◽

FRANCISCO A. SOLÍS-MARÍN ◽

ALFREDO LAGUARDA-FIGUERAS

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Body Wall ◽

The Body ◽

Mexican Pacific ◽

Anal Papillae ◽

A New Species ◽

Tube Feet

A new species of sea cucumber of the subgenus Selenkothuria Deichmann, 1958 is described. Holothuria (Selenkothuria) carere n. sp. was found in the Mexican Pacific, from intertidal to 6 m depth. The absences of ossicles in the body wall, as well as in the dorsal and ventral tube feet make this species unique among the species of this subgenus. Smooth straight rods with distal perforations and projections are present only in the dorsal and anal papillae, papillae at the base of the tentacles and in the tentacles. This species is distinctive within the subgenus. The shape of the ossicles shows some similarities with H. (S.) glaberrima Selenka, 1867.

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Thandarum hernandezi, a new genus and new species of sea cucumber family Sclerodactylidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3304.1.5 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3304 (1) ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MARIANO I. MARTINEZ ◽

MARTÍN I. BROGGER

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Body Wall ◽

New Genus ◽

The Body ◽

Southwestern Atlantic ◽

Double Row ◽

Southwestern Atlantic Ocean ◽

A New Species ◽

Tube Feet

A new genus and a new species of dendrochirotid, Thandarum hernandezi gen. et sp. nov., is described from Buenos Airescoast in the Southwestern Atlantic. For this species is quite significant the body U shape, up to 14.08 mm (along thetrivium), with double row of podia restricted to the ambulacra. Other features are ossicles from body wall with buttonsand 4 pillar tables, tube feet with rods and end plate star-shaped; the introvert with rosettes and tentacles with rods. Thesecharacteristics require the recognition of a new genus, and the new species and represents the first sclerodactylid reported in Argentinean waters.

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Phyllophorus (Phyllophorus) maculatus, a new species of sea cucumber from the Yellow Sea (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1608.1.4 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1608 (1) ◽

pp. 31-34

Author(s):

YULIN LIAO ◽

DAVID L. PAWSON ◽

WEI LIU

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Yellow Sea ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Body Wall ◽

The Body ◽

The Yellow Sea ◽

Anal Region ◽

A New Species

Phyllophorus (Phyllophorus) maculatus new species is described from a depth of 22–45 meters near the western edge of the Yellow Sea. The body is cylindrical, with body wall ossicles present only in the anal region. Ossicles are four-pillared tables with low spires and indented disc margin. A revised key to the eleven phyllophorine (Family Phyllophoridae, Subfamily Phyllophorinae) species now known from China is presented.

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Pentamera fonsecae n. sp. a new species of sea cucumber from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida: Thyonidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4878.3.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4878 (3) ◽

pp. 581-588

Author(s):

FRANCISCO ALONSO SOLIS-MARIN ◽

JUAN JOSE ALVARADO ◽

CARLOS ANDRES CONEJEROS-VARGAS ◽

ANDREA ALEJANDRA CABALLERO-OCHOA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Costa Rica ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Body Wall ◽

Pacific Coast ◽

The Body ◽

The Pacific ◽

A New Species ◽

Tube Feet

Pentamera fonsecae n. sp. is described from seven specimens as a new species of Thyonidae from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. It is distinguished from its congeners by having tables with ladder-shaped spires in the body wall, and tube feet with curved support tables of variable height and tables as those found in the body wall slightly smaller than those from the body wall. This species is distributed in Guanacaste, Costa Rica, from 28.5 to 40 m on muddy bottoms.

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Benthodytes marianensis, a new species of abyssal elasipodid sea cucumbers (Elasipodida: Psychropotidae) from the Mariana Trench area

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4462.3.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4462 (3) ◽

pp. 443 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

YA-NAN LI ◽

NING XIAO ◽

LV-PING ZHANG ◽

HAIBIN ZHANG

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Body Wall ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

The Body ◽

Morphological Identification ◽

Mariana Trench ◽

Dark Violet ◽

Trench Area ◽

A New Species ◽

Unusual Type

Benthodytes marianensis sp. nov., is described from the Mariana Trench at the depth of 5567 m. This is the thirteenth species in Benthodytes Théel, 1882. The new species has a broad brim around the body, dark violet skin, 9 pairs of large dorsal papillae with other papillae of equal or smaller size situated elsewhere, forming two zigzag rows, and some minute papillae scattered around the anterior region. Body wall ossicles are rods, crosses with three or four arms and central apophyses, and crosses of an unusual type. Crosses with four arms and central bipartite, tripartite and tetrapartite apophyses and peculiar cross-shaped ossicles with high apophyses ending in two horizontal arms are present in the dorsum. Large rod-shaped ossicles with bipartite apophyses and crosses with three or four arms and rudimentary apophyses are present on the ventrum. B. marianensis is morphologically most similar to B. incerta, but it is distinguished from B. incerta by the number and arrangement of dorsal large papillae, the broad brim and details of ossicle morphology. The phylogenetic analyses based on (16S, COI) and nuclear genes (H3) all confirm the morphological identification.

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Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Georgia

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003167 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (7) ◽

pp. 653-669 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Oleg Gorgadze ◽

Elena Fanelli ◽

Manana Lortkhipanidze ◽

Alberto Troccoli ◽

Medea Burjanadze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

18S Rrna ◽

Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Tail Length ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

The Body ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

A New Species

Summary A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema borjomiense n. sp., was isolated from the body of the host insect, Oryctes nasicornis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in Georgia, in the territory of Borjomi-Kharagauli. Morphological characters indicate that the new species is closely related to species of the feltiae-group. The infective juveniles are characterised by the following morphological characters: body length of 879 (777-989) μm, distance between the head and excretory pore = 72 (62-80) μm, pharynx length = 132 (122-142) μm, tail length = 70 (60-80) μm, ratio a = 26.3 (23.0-29.3), H% = 45 (40-51), D% = 54 (47-59), E% = 102 (95-115), and lateral fields consisting of seven ridges (eight incisures) at mid-body. Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. was molecularly characterised by sequencing three ribosomal regions (the ITS, the D2-D3 expansion domains and the 18S rRNA gene) and the mitochondrial COI gene. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that S. borjomiense n. sp. differs from all other known species of Steinernema and is a member of the monticolum-group.

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Description of a new species of Bush frog (Anura: Rhacophoridae: Raorchestes) from northwestern Yunnan, China

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4941.2.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4941 (2) ◽

pp. 239-258

Author(s):

YUN-HE WU ◽

XIAO-LONG LIU ◽

WEI GAO ◽

YU-FAN WANG ◽

YING-CHUN LI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Southern China ◽

Field Work ◽

The Body ◽

Adult Males ◽

The Past ◽

Black Region ◽

One New Species ◽

A New Species ◽

Northwestern Yunnan

Approximately half of the species in speciose genus Raorchestes were described during the past 10 years, yet only 11 species are known from Southeast Asia and southern China (SEA-SC), adjacent Himalayas, and northeastern India. Field work in northwestern Yunnan province, China resulted in the discovery of one new species in the genus based on morphological and molecular analyses. The new species is diagnosed by small size with 15.0–19.0 mm SVL in adult males (n=3); tongue pyriform, notched posteriorly; rudimentary webbing between toes; fingers and toes with narrow lateral dermal fringes; tibiotarsal articulation reaching anterior of the eye when hindlimb is stretched along the side of the body; relative finger lengths: I < II < IV < III, relative toe lengths: I < II < V < III < IV; inner metatarsal tubercle oval, outer metatarsal tubercle absent; finger discs and toe discs greyish or orange; flank near the crotch with a distinct black region between two creamy white patches, and the thigh having a similar black patch near the groin, proximal to another creamy white patch; a distinct “) (”-shaped dark marking on the back; male with external single subgular vocal sac; nuptial pad absent. A phylogenetic tree was reconstructed based on the mitochondrial genes for 16S rRNA and ND1. The results indicated that these individuals form a monophyletic group, and show high genetic divergence to their closest relatives within the genus (uncorrected p-distances > 3.2%) by distance of 16S comparable to the divergence between recognized Raorchestes species. This study further enriches the diversity of rhacophorids, especially in northwestern Yunnan.

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A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from small coastal drainages in northeastern Brazil, with remarks on the pseudotympanum of some species of the genus

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/1982-0224-20130168 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 333-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Angela M. Zanata ◽

Priscila Camelier

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Lateral Line ◽

The Body ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Horizontal Scale ◽

Caudal Peduncle ◽

Transversal Line ◽

Lateral Band ◽

The Family ◽

A New Species

Characidium samurai, a species of the family Crenuchidae apparently endemic to rio das Almas and rio Vermelho basins, Bahia, Brazil, is described. The new species is readily distinguishable from its congeners, except C. lanei, by having a dark lateral band along the head and body that is particularly broad from the rear of the head to the end of the caudal peduncle (1.5 or 2 scales wide) and by the absence of dark bars or blotches on the ventral half of the body. Characidium samurai differs from C. laneiby having the lateral band with straight borders overall (vs.lateral band with somewhat irregular borders due to blotches extending dorsally or ventrally), anal fin ii,7-8 (vs. ii,6), and 4 horizontal scale rows above the lateral line and 4 below (vs. 5/3). It further differs from congeners by a series of features, including isthmus completely covered by scales, lateral line complete with 34-37 perforated scales, 9 scales on the transversal line, 14 scale rows around the caudal peduncle, anal fin ii,7-8, and the absence of dark bars or spots on the fins, except by a faded dorsal-fin bar. The presence of pseudotympanum in four species of Characidium is discussed.

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Poecilia (Pamphorichthys) akroa, a new poeciliid species (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) from the Rio Tocantins basin, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4464.3.9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4461 (3) ◽

pp. 438

Author(s):

CARLOS AUGUSTO FIGUEIREDO ◽

CRISTIANO R. MOREIRA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Sensory System ◽

Color Pattern ◽

Distal Portion ◽

The Body ◽

Caudal Peduncle ◽

Posterior Portion ◽

Anterior Branch ◽

Black Blotch ◽

A New Species

A new species, Poecilia (Pamphorichthys) akroa, is described from the Rio Tocantins drainage, Brazil. The new species differs from the remaining species of the genus by the possession of 10 or 11 pectoral-fin rays, entire preopercular ramus and posterior portion of the supraorbital ramus of the cephalic sensory system enclosed in canals, a faint longitudinal band along the body, a single gonapophysis, a homogeneous reticulate color pattern on sides of body, urogenital region of females heavily pigmented, distalmost segments of the anterior branch (4a) of the fourth gonopodial ray fused into an elongated segment turned anteriorly, subdistal segments of anterior branch (5a) of fifth gonopodial ray simple, without anterior (ventral) projections, dorsal fin with pigmentation at its distal portion and with a basal black blotch, and chromatophores more concentrated on the posterior margin of the mid-ventral scale series of the caudal peduncle and ventrolateral margin of the adjacent scales forming a series of rhombi posterior to anal fin.

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