Effects of nonylphenol and 17beta-estradiol on vitellogenin synthesis and testis morphology in male platyfish Xiphophorus maculatus

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-181
Author(s):  
K. Kinnberg ◽  
B. Korsgaard ◽  
P. Bjerregaard ◽  
A. Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Xiphophorus Maculatus ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Efferent Ducts ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Ambient Concentration ◽  
Vitellogenin Synthesis ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Testis Structure

Nonylphenol has been found to exert estrogenic effects in fish and may influence the fertility of male fish. In the present study, the effects of nonylphenol and 17beta-estradiol on vitellogenin synthesis and testis morphology in platyfish Xiphophorus maculatus were investigated. Vitellogenin was observed in the plasma of all fish exposed to nonylphenol or 17beta-estradiol. Exposure to 17beta-estradiol resulted in a significant reduction in the gonadosomatic index. A tendency for a dose-dependent reduction in the gonadosomatic index in the nonylphenol exposed groups was observed. Histological examination revealed dose-dependent effects of nonylphenol on the testis structure. The testes of control fish contained numerous cysts with spermatogenetic cells. The testes of fish exposed to nonylphenol or 17beta-estradiol showed a decrease in the number of cysts concomitant with an increase in the amount of hypertrophied Sertoli cells present. Formation of spermatozeugmata is compulsory for this species, but free spermatozoa were observed in the efferent ducts of the treated fish. The study indicates that nonylphenol has estrogenic potency, and that both nonylphenol and 17beta-estradiol have marked effects on the testis morphology of X. maculatus. The ambient concentration of nonylphenol was measured by high pressure liquid chromatography during the experiment. The measurements revealed that the actual concentrations of nonylphenol in the water were about 30–40 % of the nominal concentrations.

Effects of nonylphenol and 17 beta-oestradiol on vitellogenin synthesis, testicular structure and cytology in male eelpout Zoarces viviparus.

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Christiansen ◽  
B Korsgaard ◽  
A Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Oestradiol Treatment ◽  
Zoarces Viviparus ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Vitellogenin Synthesis ◽  
Vitellogenin Concentration

Nonylphenol has been found to be oestrogenic in fish and may influence the reproductive system of male fish. In the present study, the effects of low (10 microg g-1 week-1) and high (100 microg g-1 week-1) doses of nonylphenol and of 17 beta-oestradiol on the synthesis of vitellogenin and on testicular structure and cytology were investigated in male eelpout Zoarces viviparus during active spermatogenesis (May) and late spermatogenesis (June). Twenty-five days after injection, a significant dose-dependent increase in the plasma vitellogenin concentration, measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was observed in the treated groups. A highly significant reduction in the gonadosomatic index was observed concomitant with the increase in the plasma vitellogenin concentration. Macroscopically, milt was observed to be present in the control fish, but was sparse or absent in the treated fish. Histological examination using light microscopy revealed severe effects of nonylphenol as well as of oestradiol treatment on testicular structure. Control fish had seminiferous lobules containing spermatogenic cysts and only a few spermatozoa (May) or had the walls of their seminiferous lobules lined with cuboidal Sertoli cells (June). In the treated fish, the seminiferous lobules were degenerated (May) or were filled with numerous spermatozoa and the Sertoli cells appeared very squamous (June). Electron microscopy revealed greater numbers of phagocytosed spermatozoa in these Sertoli cells. In rats, -glutamyl transpeptidase (-GTP) has been used as a specific marker of Sertoli cell function. In the present study, both nonylphenol and 17 beta-oestradiol treatment resulted in a reduction in the activity of this enzyme. The study provides evidence that nonylphenol is oestrogenic, as indicated by the large increase in vitellogenin synthesis, and that both nonylphenol and oestradiol have marked effects on the testicular structure and cytology of germ cells and Sertoli cells of male Z. viviparus.

Estrogenic effects of monocrotophos standard on male goldfish, Carassius auratus: induction of vitellogenin synthesis and alteration of testicular ultrastructure and function

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-331
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
Meng Sun ◽  
Hua Tian ◽  
Su Gao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Endogenous Estrogen ◽  
Vitellogenin Synthesis ◽  
Ultrastructure And Function ◽  
And Function

Monocrotophos has been shown to exert estrogenic effects on teleosts. However, it has not been determined whether monocrotophos itself is the component that is responsible for exerting these estrogenic activities. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the estrogenic effects of monocrotophos standard in male goldfish (Carassius auratus), after a 21-day semi-static toxicity test. The induction of vitellogenin synthesis in males exposed to monocrotophos was confirmed with qualitative and quantitative methods. The observed increase in endogenous estrogen levels in males exposed to monocrotophos might explain the induction of vitellogenin. Moreover, we observed a decreased gonadosomatic index, ultrastructure damage of sperm and Sertoli cells, and several alterative testicular enzyme activities in males exposed to monocrotophos, which possibly affect spermatogenesis and male fertility. Our study showed the potential estrogenic effects of monocrotophos standard may act via the induction of vitellogenin synthesis and alteration of testicular ultrastructure and function in male goldfish.

scholarly journals 17α-Methyltestosterone can induce masculinisation and sterilisation in amur carp Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepede 1803

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Suma ◽  
N. Basavaraja ◽  
N. Manjappa
Keyword(s):  
Normal Development ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Control Loss

To find a suitable solution to the problem of early sexual maturation and unwanted reproduction during grow-out, the present study was aimed at production of sterile or monosex population of Amur carp through endocrine manipulation. In this investigation, 24-day-old Amur carp fry were fed with diets containing 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-MT) at dosages of 200-1000 ppm for 30 d. While 17α-MT incorporation at 400 ppmresulted in complete masculinization, 600 ppm induced 100% sterilization. 17α-MT at 200 ppm induced the production of intersex and sterile fish. At 800 ppm, it produced 8.33% male, 8.33% female and 83.34% sterile fish, whereas 1000 ppm yielded 63.63% male, f9.10% female and 27.27% sterile fish. After 168 d post-treatment rearing, increase in fish weight was 16.01- 233.15%, over control. Loss of weight due to evisceration was 8.75-12.43% in control, while it was 7.31-9.78% in sterile fish, indicating the availability of more edible meat in the latter. MT-treated carp showed a slight variation in survival, gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), viscerosomatic index (VSI) and condition factor. The histology of gonads revealed normal development of ovary and testis in control fish, but in 17α-MT treated fish the gonadal development was either normal or abnormal in male and slightly suppressed in female. Intersex fish had both ovarian and testicular tissues, while sterile fish possessed mostly connective tissue.

Retardation and Recovery of Growth in Brook Trout Fry (Salvelinus fontinalis) Exposed for Various Durations to Acidified Water

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2048-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Tam ◽  
P. D. Payson ◽  
R. J. J. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Test Fish ◽  
Neutral Water

Brook trout fry (Salvelinus fontinalis) were exposed to pH 4.66 for various durations up to 141 d and then returned to neutral water. Growth of test fish was in general significantly lower than that of control fish for exposures up to days 45–78. In four of six groups of acid-treated fish, growth eventually recovered and the growth rates were not different from that of control fish. The results suggested that growth inhibition was induced early in the exposure to sublethally low pH and that recovery in the latter phase of the experiment occurred whether pH remained acidic or was readjusted to neutral.

scholarly journals Osmotic induction marking with Alizarin Red S on juveniles of pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis (Atherinopsidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Campanella ◽  
Angela Garriz ◽  
Dario C. Colautti ◽  
Gustavo M. Somoza ◽  
Leandro A. Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alizarin Red S ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Odontesthes Bonariensis ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Potential Applicability

Juveniles of pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis, were exposed to 0.1% Alizarin Red S (ARS) alone or with a previous immersion in 2.2% saline solution (Osmotic Induction, OI) to enhance the ARS marking method. Fish were marked in the field and immediately released in 1 m3 cages in "La Salada de Monasterio" lagoon, Chascomús, Buenos Aires , Argentina. After 73 days, clear marks were observed in the otoliths, caudal fin rays and scales with both treatments, being the intensity of the signal in the scales of OI+ARS treated fish higher. On the other hand, no marks were observed in the control group on the same structures. Approximately one year post-treatment (385 days), only marks in caudal fin rays were found clearly in OI+ARS treated fish. After this period, no significant differences in total length or weight between marked or control fish were observed and the mortality ranged between 30-40 % in all cages. These results provide strong evidence for the potential applicability of this cost-effective marking technique in differentiation of wild and hatchery-produced pejerrey. The success in the caudal fin rays marking is also important because it is easy to do and does not require the sacrifice of fish.

Effects of Dietary Aroclor® 1242 on Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and the Selective Accumulation of PCB Components

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Hansen ◽  
W. B. Wiekhorst ◽  
J. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Histopathological Lesions ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Selective Accumulation

Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fingerlings fed a diet containing 20 ppm Aroclor® 1242 for 20 wk responded with a reduced weight gain and liver hypertrophy when compared to controls. When treated fish were fed the control diet for 8 subsequent wk followed by 8 additional wk of Aroclor® feed, they approached control values for liver weight and surpassed the rate of gain for control fish. No histopathological lesions were observed in the fish fed PCB. The total PCB in fish declined slightly during an 8-wk PCB-free period beginning at week 12, but the PCB burden remained constant when the PCB-free period was begun at week 20. During PCB-free periods, there was a shift in residues from the edible carcass to the offal. Residues are discussed as components as well as total PCB. We found that a tetrachlorobiphenyl is more persistent than some higher chlorinated components and that various tissues accumulated different profiles of components.

scholarly journals Effects of Metazachlor on Vitellogenin Induction in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. S61-S66 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jurčíková ◽  
P. Mikula ◽  
R. Dobšíková ◽  
D. Némethová ◽  
Z. Svobodová
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Water Exposure ◽  
Vitellogenin Synthesis ◽  
Chloroacetanilide Herbicide

The influence of metazachlor on vitellogenesis in juvenile (20 days old) zebrafish (Danio rerio) was investigated after ambient water exposure to concentrations of 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 mg l-1 of the chloroacetanilide herbicide Butisan 400 SC containing approximately 35.6% (w/w) metazachlor. After 20 days of exposure, vitellogenin concentrations in whole-body homogenates of the fish were measured by direct sandwich ELISA. The results were compared to vitellogenin concentrations in fish from both negative (no exposure) and positive (exposed to natural oestrogen 17β-oestradiol) control groups. Exposure to Butisan 400 SC at a concentration of 5.0 mg l-1 induced vitellogenin synthesis significantly compared to the control fish (p < 0.05). The oestrogenic effect of 17β-oestradiol was confirmed.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF BRANCHIAL CHLORIDE CELL PROLIFERATION ON RESPIRATORY FUNCTION IN THE RAINBOW TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS

1994 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-63
Author(s):  
S Bindon ◽  
K Gilmour ◽  
J Fenwick ◽  
S Perry
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Chloride Cell ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Environmental Hypoxia ◽  
Treated Fish

The objectives of this study were to induce chloride cell (CC) proliferation on the gill lamellae of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and to evaluate the consequences for respiratory function. Chronic elevation of hormone levels was used to induce CC proliferation; fish were injected with a combination of cortisol (8 mg kg-1 intramuscularly every day for 10 days) and ovine growth hormone (2 mg kg-1 intraperitoneally every second day for 10 days). The extent of CC proliferation was quantified using scanning electron microscopy and a two-dimensional analysis. An extracorporeal preparation in combination with environmental hypoxia was used to assess the effects of CC proliferation on respiratory function. Arterial blood was routed from the coeliac artery through an external circuit in which pH (pHa), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were monitored continuously. Environmental hypoxia was imposed by gassing a water equilibration column supplying the experimental chamber with N2. The hormone treatment increased the average CC surface area by 2.7-fold and CC density by 2.2-fold; the combined effect was a fivefold increase in CC fractional area. While the PaO2 values of hormone-treated and control fish were similar at PwO2&gt;12.0 kPa, the arterial O2 tensions of treated fish were significantly lower than those of the control group for PwO2&frac34;12.0 kPa. In comparison with control fish at all environmental O2 tensions, the hormone-treated fish exhibited elevated PaCO2 values and a significant acidosis. The effects of CC proliferation on blood gas variables in hormone-treated fish were accompanied by a significantly elevated ventilation amplitude and a lowered ventilation frequency. The results of this study demonstrated (i) that impairment of respiratory gas transfer coincides with CC proliferation, (ii) that O2 and CO2 transfer are influenced differently and (iii) that partial compensation is achieved through physiological adjustments.

Tracking of the hormonally induced maturation of female eels by computed tomography

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Müller ◽  
T. Molnár ◽  
Éva Szabó ◽  
R. Romvári ◽  
Cs. Hancz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Total Body Volume ◽  
Histological Results

Female European eels were kept in artificial seawater for a trial period of 14 weeks. Three fish were injected intra-abdominally with carp pituitary suspension (twice a week) and human chorionic gonadotropin (every 2nd week), with the aim to induce artificial maturation. Three further fish were not treated (control). Fish were not fed during the trial. The treated fish were scanned by computed tomography (CT) every second week (the controls only at the start and at the end of the trial) to follow changes in body composition. Notable decreases were shown in total body pixel number (body volume), total body fat content, total fillet volume and fillet fat content during the experiment. Changes were more pronounced in the treated group than in the control. The abdominal volume strongly increased in the responding fish throughout the trial. The ovary volume increased measurably, while its fat content increased only until the 8th week, after which a decrease was measured. Tissue volumetric estimations of the ovary were also supported by histological results. A so-called volumetric gonadosomatic index (gonad volume/total body volume × 100) was developed for the quantitative characterisation of eel maturation.

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