Effects of Dietary Aroclor® 1242 on Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and the Selective Accumulation of PCB Components

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Hansen ◽  
W. B. Wiekhorst ◽  
J. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Histopathological Lesions ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Selective Accumulation

Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fingerlings fed a diet containing 20 ppm Aroclor® 1242 for 20 wk responded with a reduced weight gain and liver hypertrophy when compared to controls. When treated fish were fed the control diet for 8 subsequent wk followed by 8 additional wk of Aroclor® feed, they approached control values for liver weight and surpassed the rate of gain for control fish. No histopathological lesions were observed in the fish fed PCB. The total PCB in fish declined slightly during an 8-wk PCB-free period beginning at week 12, but the PCB burden remained constant when the PCB-free period was begun at week 20. During PCB-free periods, there was a shift in residues from the edible carcass to the offal. Residues are discussed as components as well as total PCB. We found that a tetrachlorobiphenyl is more persistent than some higher chlorinated components and that various tissues accumulated different profiles of components.

scholarly journals Surface Immobilization Antigen of the Parasitic Ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Elicits Protective Immunity in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuting Wang ◽  
Harry W. Dickerson
Keyword(s):  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Adjuvant

ABSTRACT Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) that survive infection with the parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis acquire immunity to subsequent challenge and produce specific antibodies in serum that immobilize the parasite in vitro. Cellular surface protein antigens targeted by these antibodies are referred to as immobilization antigens (i-antigens). By using an immobilizing mouse monoclonal antibody as a ligand, the i-antigen of I. multifiliis isolate G5 was purified to homogeneity by immunoaffinity chromatography, and its immunogenicity was confirmed by inoculating rabbit and channel catfish to produce immobilizing antisera. To test the purified i-antigen as a subunit vaccine, channel catfish fingerlings were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with purified i-antigen at a dose of 10 μg/fish in complete Freund’s adjuvant on day 1, followed by a second i.p. injection of the same amount of i-antigen in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant on day 15. Negative control fish were immunized similarly with either bovine serum albumin (BSA) or an immobilization-irrelevant I. multifiliis protein. On day 84, the fish were challenged with live I. multifiliis G5 theronts at a dose of 15,000 cells per fish. Seventy-two percent of the fish immunized with i-antigen survived the challenge. All negative control fish died within 16 days of exposure. There was a significant difference in the median days to death between the negative control fish injected with BSA and the fish that died following vaccination with i-antigen. Fish injected with i-antigen developed high immobilizing antibody titers in serum. This is the first demonstration of a direct role for i-antigens in the elicitation of protective immunity, suggesting that these proteins by themselves serve as effective subunit vaccines against I. multifiliis.

Water Quality and Growth Simulation of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus, in a Recirculating Aquaculture System Combined with Subsurface Flow Wetland

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 1109-1116
Author(s):  
Tao Yu ◽  
Fei Zhong ◽  
Dong Xu ◽  
Qiao Hong Zhou ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Aquaculture System ◽  
Total Weight Gain

Purifying efficiency and culture performance in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) combined with subsurface flow wetland (SFW) were investigated in this paper. The results showed that the wetland effectively removed total suspended solids (78.6%), chemical oxygen demand (49.2%), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (70.4%), total ammonia (53.7%) and nitrite (64.7%) from the aquaculture effluents at a hydraulic loading rate of 344 mm/d. The channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) with initial length of 18.97±2.92 cm were reared for 223 days in three recycling ponds at different stocking densities (0.055, 0.109, and 0.164 kg/m3) and a control pond at stocking density 0.055 kg/m3. Fish were fed to satiation twice daily with a commercial diet and the amount fed was measured to determine feed efficiency (FE). In the recycling ponds, fish growth appeared to be negatively correlated with stocking density, in which total weight gain of fish ranged from 374.9% to 886.7%. Fish in the control pond had low survival rate (61.1%) and total weight gain (465.2%), comparing with the recycling pond which had same stocking density (0.055 kg/m3). Feed efficiency (0.34) of the control pond was also significantly lower than that of the 0.055 kg/m3 treatment (0.96). A logistic model of was employed to simulate the growth of channel catfish. The estimated parameters and predicted results showed that the growth rate of channel catfish reared in recycling pond is significantly higher than that in static pond.

Dieldrin in the Diet of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus): Uptake and Effect on Growth

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2197-2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray L. Argyle ◽  
George C. Williams ◽  
Clara B. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Effect On Growth

Fingerling channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were given diets containing 0, 0.4, 0.8, or 4.0 μg dieldrin/g of food (dry weight) for 210 days, followed by a dieldrin-free diet for 56 days. Catfish receiving 4.0 μg dieldrin/g of food gained about 17% less weight than the control fish in 210 days and about 35% less weight during the last 126 days of the 210-day period. No growth differences were attributable to the ingestion of 0.4 or 0.8 μg dieldrin/g of feed. Mortality during the experiment was random and not appreciable.Dieldrin accumulations were characterized by an immediate rapid rise of residue levels in the tissues, followed by a period during which concentrations were relatively stable. Residues in tissues decreased rapidly after dieldrin was withdrawn from the diet. Dieldrin half-life was 9.6 days (mean for the three groups).Theoretical residue concentrations calculated from the growth, feeding, and half-life data were similar to the empirical concentrations, although the theoretical values were consistently the higher. The recoverable concentration accounted for 25.7% (mean of the three treatments) of the theoretical concentration.

Effects of Diet on PCB-Induced Changes in Xenobiotic Metabolism in the Liver of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald T. Ankley ◽  
Vicki S. Blazer
Keyword(s):  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Aroclor 1254 ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Cytosolic Glutathione ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Gst Activity

Effects of nutrition on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in fishes are not well known. We fed three groups of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) either a synthetic, laboratory-prepared diet or one of two commercial catfish rations. After 3 mo on each diet, fish were treated with the enzyme inducer Aroclor 1254. Hepatic microsomal monooxygenase (MO) activity was lower in untreated fish fed a commercial diet than in those fed the laboratory diet. Aroclor 1254 increased MO activity to a lesser degree in fish fed that same commercial diet compared with those receiving the laboratory or other commercial diet. Hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) activity was similar in all control fish; however, Aroclor 1254 increased UDPGT activity to differing degrees in the three diet groups. Hepatic cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was increased by Aroclor 1254 to a similar extent in all diet groups; however, levels of GST activity generally were higher in fish fed the commercial diets than in those fed the laboratory ration. These data indicate that diet can affect the toxicity of xenobiotics to fishes through alterations in hepatic enzyme systems, and thus should be considered a potential source of variation in toxicological studies with fishes.

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