Swim bladder enhances lagenar sensitivity to sound pressure and higher frequencies in female plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus)

ABSTRACTThe plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) is an established model for investigating acoustic communication because the reproductive success of this species is dependent on the production and reception of social acoustic signals. Previous work showed that female midshipman have swim bladders with rostral horn-like extensions that project close to the saccule and lagena, while nesting (type I) males lack such rostral swim bladder extensions. The relative close proximity of the swim bladder to the lagena should increase auditory sensitivity to sound pressure and higher frequencies. Here, we test the hypothesis that the swim bladder of female midshipman enhances lagenar sensitivity to sound pressure and higher frequencies. Evoked potentials were recorded from auditory hair cell receptors in the lagena in reproductive females with intact (control condition) and removed (treated condition) swim bladders while pure tone stimuli (85–1005 Hz) were presented by an underwater speaker. Females with intact swim bladders had auditory thresholds 3–6 dB lower than females without swim bladders over a range of frequencies from 85 to 405 Hz. At frequencies from 545 to 1005 Hz, only females with intact swim bladders had measurable auditory thresholds (150–153 dB re. 1 µPa). The higher percentage of evoked lagenar potentials recorded in control females at frequencies >505 Hz indicates that the swim bladder extends the bandwidth of detectable frequencies. These findings reveal that the swim bladders in female midshipman can enhance lagenar sensitivity to sound pressure and higher frequencies, which may be important for the detection of behaviorally relevant social signals.

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Intra- and Intersexual swim bladder dimorphisms in the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus): Implications of swim bladder proximity to the inner ear for sound pressure detection

Journal of Morphology ◽

10.1002/jmor.20724 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 278 (11) ◽

pp. 1458-1468 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Robert A. Mohr ◽

Elizabeth A. Whitchurch ◽

Ryan D. Anderson ◽

Paul M. Forlano ◽

Richard R. Fay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inner Ear ◽

Sound Pressure ◽

Swim Bladder ◽

Porichthys Notatus ◽

Plainfin Midshipman

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Sexually dimorphic swim bladder extensions enhance the auditory sensitivity of female plainfin midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.204552 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 222 (14) ◽

pp. jeb204552 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Orphal Colleye ◽

Brooke J. Vetter ◽

Robert A. Mohr ◽

Lane H. Seeley ◽

Joseph A. Sisneros

Keyword(s):

Auditory Sensitivity ◽

Sexually Dimorphic ◽

Swim Bladder ◽

Porichthys Notatus ◽

Plainfin Midshipman

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Seasonal Plasticity of Auditory Saccular Sensitivity in the Vocal Plainfin Midshipman Fish, Porichthys notatus

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00236.2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 102 (2) ◽

pp. 1121-1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Joseph A. Sisneros

Keyword(s):

Breeding Season ◽

Hair Cells ◽

Adaptive Plasticity ◽

Advertisement Call ◽

Reproductive State ◽

Advertisement Calls ◽

Porichthys Notatus ◽

Reproductive Females ◽

Plainfin Midshipman

The plainfin midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus, is a seasonally breeding species of marine teleost fish that generates acoustic signals for intraspecific social and reproductive-related communication. Female midshipman use the inner ear saccule as the main acoustic endorgan for hearing to detect and locate vocalizing males that produce multiharmonic advertisement calls during the breeding season. Previous work showed that the frequency sensitivity of midshipman auditory saccular afferents changed seasonally with female reproductive state such that summer reproductive females became better suited than winter nonreproductive females to encode the dominant higher harmonics of the male advertisement calls. The focus of this study was to test the hypothesis that seasonal reproductive-dependent changes in saccular afferent tuning is paralleled by similar changes in saccular sensitivity at the level of the hair-cell receptor. Here, I examined the evoked response properties of midshipman saccular hair cells from winter nonreproductive and summer reproductive females to determine if reproductive state affects the frequency response and threshold of the saccule to behaviorally relevant single tone stimuli. Saccular potentials were recorded from populations of hair cells in vivo while sound was presented by an underwater speaker. Results indicate that saccular hair cells from reproductive females had thresholds that were ∼8 to 13 dB lower than nonreproductive females across a broad range of frequencies that included the dominant higher harmonic components and the fundamental frequency of the male's advertisement call. These seasonal-reproductive-dependent changes in thresholds varied differentially across the three (rostral, middle, and caudal) regions of the saccule. Such reproductive-dependent changes in saccule sensitivity may represent an adaptive plasticity of the midshipman auditory sense to enhance mate detection, recognition, and localization during the breeding season.

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Auditory evoked potentials of utricular hair cells in the plainfin midshipman, Porichthys notatus

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.226464 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 223 (17) ◽

pp. jeb226464

Author(s):

Loranzie S. Rogers ◽

Joseph A. Sisneros

Keyword(s):

Evoked Potentials ◽

Hair Cells ◽

Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽

High Gain ◽

Type I ◽

Acoustic Stimuli ◽

Porichthys Notatus ◽

Socially Relevant ◽

And Function ◽

Plainfin Midshipman

ABSTRACTThe plainfin midshipman, Porichthys notatus, is a soniferous marine teleost fish that generates acoustic signals for intraspecific social communication. Nocturnally active males and females rely on their auditory sense to detect and locate vocally active conspecifics during social behaviors. Previous work showed that the midshipman inner ear saccule and lagena are highly adapted to detect and encode socially relevant acoustic stimuli, but the auditory sensitivity and function of the midshipman utricle remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized the auditory evoked potentials from hair cells in the utricle of non-reproductive type I males and tested the hypothesis that the midshipman utricle is sensitive to behaviorally relevant acoustic stimuli. Hair cell potentials were recorded from the rostral, medial and caudal regions of the utricle in response to pure tone stimuli presented by an underwater speaker. We show that the utricle is highly sensitive to particle motion stimuli produced by an underwater speaker positioned in the horizontal plane. Utricular potentials were recorded across a broad range of frequencies with lowest particle acceleration (dB re. 1 m s−2) thresholds occurring at 105 Hz (lowest frequency tested; mean threshold −32 dB re. 1 m s−2) and highest thresholds at 605–1005 Hz (mean threshold range −5 to −4 dB re. 1 m s−2). The high gain and broadband frequency sensitivity of the utricle suggest that it likely serves a primary auditory function and is well suited to detect conspecific vocalizations including broadband agonistic signals and the multiharmonic advertisement calls produced by reproductive type I males.

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Competition and cuckoldry: estimating fitness of alternative reproductive tactics in plainfin midshipman

Behaviour ◽

10.1163/1568539x-00003180 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 151 (8) ◽

pp. 1209-1227 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Karen M. Cogliati ◽

Sigal Balshine ◽

Bryan D. Neff

Keyword(s):

Alternative Reproductive Tactics ◽

Type I ◽

Type Ii ◽

Reproductive Tactics ◽

System A ◽

Porichthys Notatus ◽

Gene By Environment Interactions ◽

Sampling Locations ◽

Plainfin Midshipman ◽

Reproductive Tactic

There has been much debate about how male alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) evolve. In particular, researchers question whether ARTs have evolved as a conditional, ‘best of a bad job’ strategy where one tactic has higher fitness than the other, or whether they have evolved as a result of a genetic polymorphism where both tactics have equal fitness. Despite the large number of species known to have ARTs, tests of equal fitness between tactics have only been conducted in a handful of species. We tested the prediction of equal fitness using the plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus), a species with two well characterized male ARTs: guarding type I males and cuckolding type II males. We collected data across three years and three sampling locations to determine the proportion of each reproductive tactic, as well as the proportion of offspring sired by each male type using microsatellite markers. Our analysis suggests that males adopting the conventional guarding tactic likely have higher fitness compared to males adopting the cuckolder type II tactic. Also, we show that the guarding male tactic is able to gain paternity through cuckoldry, and that these males, who sometimes guard and sometimes cuckold, are responsible for the majority of paternity lost within nests. Indeed, the classic cuckolding type II males were responsible for only a small fraction of the paternity lost. These results highlight the degree of flexibility in male behaviour even among individuals adopting the same male tactic. Taken together, our results provide the first exploration of the evolution of male ARTs in plainfin midshipman and, given the tractability of midshipman system, a valuable next step will be to look for gene-by-environment interactions on tactic development and expression.

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Ontogeny of Inner Ear Saccular Development in the Plainfin Midshipman (Porichthys notatus)

Brain Behavior and Evolution ◽

10.1159/000516477 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Nicholas R. Lozier ◽

Joseph A. Sisneros

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stage ◽

Sensory System ◽

Type I ◽

Reproductive State ◽

Standard Pattern ◽

Biologically Relevant ◽

Porichthys Notatus ◽

State Dependent ◽

Survival And Reproduction ◽

Plainfin Midshipman

The auditory system of the plainfin midshipman fish (<i>Porichthys notatus</i>) is an important sensory system used to detect and encode biologically relevant acoustic stimuli important for survival and reproduction including social acoustic signals used for intraspecific communication. Previous work showed that hair cell (HC) density in the midshipman saccule increased seasonally with reproductive state and was concurrent with enhanced auditory saccular sensitivity in both females and type I males. Although reproductive state-dependent changes in HC density have been well characterized in the adult midshipman saccule, less is known about how the saccule changes during ontogeny. Here, we examined the ontogenetic development of the saccule in four relative sizes of midshipman (larvae, small juveniles, large juveniles, and nonreproductive adults) to determine whether the density, total number, and orientation patterns of saccular HCs change during ontogeny. In addition, we also examined whether the total number of HCs in the saccule differ from that of the utricle and lagena in nonreproductive adults. We found that HC density varied across developmental stage. The ontogenetic reduction in HC density was concurrent with an ontogenetic increase in macula area. The orientation pattern of saccular HCs was similar to the standard pattern previously described in other teleost fishes, and this pattern of HC orientation was retained during ontogeny. Lastly, the estimated number of saccular HCs increased with developmental stage from the smallest larvae (2,336 HCs) to the largest nonreproductive adult (145,717 HCs), and in nonreproductive adults estimated HC numbers were highest in the saccule (mean ± SD = 28,479 ± 4,809 HCs), intermediate in the utricle (mean ± SD = 11,008 ± 1,619 HCs) and lowest in the lagena (mean ± SD = 4,560 ± 769 HCs).

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SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO SOUND REINFORCEMENT LOUDSPEAKERS

10.25144/13800 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

K Liston ◽

I M Wiggins

Keyword(s):

Sound Pressure ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Sound Pressure Levels ◽

Sound Reinforcement

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Notch receptors (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology CITE ◽

10.2218/gtopdb/f914/2019.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thiruma V. Arumugam ◽

Christopher Sobey

Keyword(s):

Cell Fate ◽

Single Agent ◽

Notch Signalling ◽

Type I ◽

Notch Receptors ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Ligand Interactions ◽

Transcriptional Modulation ◽

Membrane Bound

The canonical Notch signalling pathway has four type I transmembrane Notch receptors (Notch1-4) and five ligands (DLL1, 2 and 3, and Jagged 1-2). Each member of this highly conserved receptor family plays a unique role in cell-fate determination during embryogenesis, differentiation, tissue patterning, proliferation and cell death [2]. As the Notch ligands are also membrane bound, cells have to be in close proximity for receptor-ligand interactions to occur. Cleavage of the intracellular domain (ICD) of activated Notch receptors by γ-secretase is required for downstream signalling and Notch-induced transcriptional modulation [15, 3, 11, 22]. This is why γ-secretase inhibitors can be used to downregulate Notch signalling and explains their anti-cancer action. One such small molecule is RO4929097 [8], although development of this compound has been terminated following an unsuccessful Phase II single agent clinical trial in metastatic colorectal cancer [19].Aberrant Notch signalling is implicated in a number of human cancers [12, 20, 6, 16], with demcizumab and tarextumab identified as antibody inhibitors of ligand:receptor binding [13].

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Bald Eagles, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Feeding on Spawning Plainfin Midshipman, Porichthys notatus, at Crescent Beach, British Columbia

The Canadian Field-Naturalist ◽

10.22621/cfn.v117i4.829 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 117 (4) ◽

pp. 601 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kyle Hamish Elliott ◽

Christina L. Struik ◽

John E. Elliott

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Nous Avons ◽

Food Source ◽

Haliaeetus Leucocephalus ◽

Potential Importance ◽

Bald Eagles ◽

Porichthys Notatus ◽

Tide Height ◽

Consumption Rates ◽

Plainfin Midshipman

We observed Bald Eagles feeding on Plainfin Midshipman near Crescent Beach, British Columbia, in May and June 2001 and 2002. We quantified consumption rates and eagle numbers during this period, illustrating the potential importance of this food source to breeding eagles. Tide height was the only significant factor influencing consumption rates, likely because this variable reflected the availability of midshipman prey.Nous avons observé les Pygargues à tête blanche alimenter sur les Crapauds à nageoire unie près de Crescent Beach, Colombie-Britannique, en maie et juin 2001 et 2002. Nous avons mesuré les cadences de consommation et les nombres de pygargues pendant cette période, illustrant l’importance potentielle de cette source de nourriture pour les aigles. La taille de marée était le seul facteur significatif influençant les cadences de consommation et les nombres de pygargues pendant la période d’étude, probablement parce que cette variable a reflété la disponibilité des crapauds.

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