A unified manufacturing resource model for representation of computerized numerically controlled machine tools

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Vichare ◽  
A Nassehi ◽  
S Newman
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Resource Model ◽  
Machining System ◽  
Manufacturing Resource

The capability of any manufacturing system primarily depends on its available machine tools. Thus machine tool representation is a vital part of modelling any manufacturing system. With the rapid advances in computerized numerically controlled (CNC) machines, machine tool representation has become a more challenging task than ever before. Today's CNC machine tools are more than just automated manufacturing machines, as they can be considered multi-purpose, multi-tasking, and hybrid machining centres. This paper presents a versatile methodology for representing such state-of-the-art CNC machining system resources. A machine tool model is a conceptual representation of the real machine tool and provides a logical framework for representing its functionality in the manufacturing system. There are several commercial modelling tools available in the market for modelling machine tools. However, there is no common methodology among them to represent the wide diversity of machine tool configurations. These modelling tools are either machine vendor specific or limited in their scope to represent machine tool capability. In addition, the current information models of STEP-NC, namely ISO 14649, can only describe machining operations, technologies, cutting tools, and product geometries. However, they do not support the representation of machine tools. The proposed unified manufacturing resource model (UMRM) has a data model which can fill this gap by providing machine specific data in the form of an EXPRESS schema and act as a complementary part to the STEP-NC standard to represent various machine tools in a standardized form. UMRM is flexible enough to represent any type of CNC machining centre. This machine tool representation can be utilized to represent machine tool functionality and consequential process capabilities for allocating resources for process planning and machining.

CNC Machine Tools

2009 ◽  
pp. 165-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Cnc Machines ◽  
Time Required

The introduction of CNC machines has radically changed the manufacturing industry. Curves are as easy to cut as straight lines, complex 3-D structures are relatively easy to produce, and the number of machining steps that required human action has dramatically reduced. With the increased automation of manufacturing processes with CNC machining, considerable improvements in consistency and quality can be achieved. CNC automation reduced the frequency of errors and provided CNC operators with time to perform additional tasks. CNC automation also allows for more flexibility in the way parts are held in the manufacturing process and the time required to change the machine to produce different components. In a production environment, a series of CNC machines may be combined into one station, commonly called a “cell”, to progressively machine a part requiring several operations. CNC controller is the “brain” of a CNC machine, whereas the physical configuration of the machine tool is the “skeleton”. A thorough understanding of the physical configuration of a machine tool is always a priority for a CNC programmer as well as the CNC machine tool manufacturers. This chapter starts with a historical perspective of CNC machine tools. Two typical types of CNC machine tools (i.e. vertical and horizontal machining centres) are first discussed. Tooling systems for a CNC machine tool are integral part of a CNC system and are therefore elaborated. Also discussed are the four principal elements of a CNC machine tool. They are machine base, machine spindle, spindle drive, and slide drive. What letter should be assigned to a linear or rotary axis and what if a machine tool has two sets of linear axes? These questions are answered later in the chapter. In order for readers to better comprehend the axis and motion designations, a number of machine tool schematics are given.

scholarly journals Deflection Error Prediction and Minimization in 5-Axis Milling Operations of Thin-Walled Impeller Blades

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Soori ◽  
Mohammed Asmael
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Virtual Machining ◽  
Machining System ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Machining Operations

Abstract To enhance accuracy as well as efficiency in process of machining operations, the virtual machining systems are developed. Free from surfaces of sophisticated parts such as turbine blades, airfoils, impellers, and aircraft components are produced by using the 5-axis CNC machine tools which can be analyzed and developed by using virtual machining systems. The machining operations of thin walled structures such as impeller blades are with deflection errors due to cutting forces and cutting temperatures. The flexibility of thin walled impeller blades can cause machining defects such as overcut or undercut. So, the desired accuracy in the machined impeller blades can be achieved by decreasing the deflection error in the machining operations. To minimize the deflection of machined impeller blades, optimized machining parameters can be obtained. An application of virtual machining system in predicting and minimizing the deflection errors of 5-Axis CNC machining operations of impeller blades is presented in the study to increase accuracy and efficiency in process of part production. The finite element analysis is applied to obtain the deflection error in machined impeller blades. In order to minimize the deflection error of impeller blades in the machining operations, the optimization methodology based on the Genetic algorithm is applied. The impeller is machined by using the 5-axis CNC machine tool in order to validate the developed virtual machining system in the study. Then, the machined impeller is measured by using the CMM machines to obtain the deflection error. As a result, the deflection error of in machining operations of impeller by using 5-Axis CNC machine tools can be decreased in order to enhance accuracy and efficiency of part manufacturing.

scholarly journals Research and development of monitoring system and data monitoring system and data acquisition of CNC machine tool in intelligent manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 172988141989801
Author(s):  
Yuan Guo ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
Kai Wu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Nc Program

Intelligent manufacturing as the development direction of the new generation manufacturing system has become a hot research topic. Computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools are the core manufacturing equipment in discrete manufacturing enterprises, collecting and monitoring the data is an important part of intelligent manufacturing workshops. It has a great significance to improve the production efficiency of enterprises and eliminate information islands. The purpose of this article is to solve the problems of data acquisition and monitoring of CNC machine tools in the manufacturing workshop of enterprises. This article uses FOCAS data acquisition method to research and develop the data acquisition and monitoring system of CNC machine tools in intelligent manufacturing workshop. The research results show that the equipment information model based on MTConnect protocol and FOCAS can solve the data acquisition and storage functions of CNC machine tools well. Using the object-oriented Petri net model, it can solve various uncertain factors in numerical control (NC) machining tasks and realize the monitoring function of CNC machining tasks in the workshop. Based on the NC program analysis, the calculation method of machining time in the NC program can determine the preventive maintenance cycle of the machine based on the machine fault information. Based on VS2013 development environment, Qt application framework and SQL Server 2012 database, the numerical control machine tool data acquisition and monitoring prototype system was developed, and the system was verified in the workshop to prove the effectiveness of the system.

Application of Ubiquitous Sensor Network in Collection and Analysis of CNC Machine Tool Processing Status Information

2010 ◽  
Vol 455 ◽  
pp. 621-624
Author(s):  
X. Li ◽  
Y.Y. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Thermal Error ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Status Information ◽  
The Development Trend

Because of the practical requirement of real-time collection and analysis of CNC machine tool processing status information, we discuss the necessity and feasibility of applying ubiquitous sensor network(USN) in CNC machine tools by analyzing the characteristics of ubiquitous sensor network and the development trend of CNC machine tools, and application of machine tool thermal error compensation based on USN is presented.

scholarly journals On the Application of Impeller in Multi Axis CNC Machine Tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 2066 (1) ◽  
pp. 012113
Author(s):  
Weiwen Ye
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Surface Processing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Machining Characteristics

Abstract Multi axis CNC machine tool has good linkage processing effect. Through the application of integral impeller in CNC machine tools, to improve the adaptability of CNC machine tools to complex surface processing parts, to improve the accuracy of multi axis CNC machine tools. The first part of this paper introduces the integral impeller and its machining characteristics; the second part introduces the basic NC machining process of integral impeller; the third part discusses the application of impeller in multi axis CNC machine tools from the creation of guide track, the simulation of integral impeller, software processing and generation. The purpose is to provide some reference for the processing and production of integral impeller.

Mathematical Approach for Geometric Error Modeling of Three Axis CNC Vertical Milling Machine

2016 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widyanti Kwintarini ◽  
Agung Wibowo ◽  
Yatna Yuwana Martawirya
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Geometrical Errors ◽  
Vertical Milling ◽  
Vertical Milling Machine ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

The aim of this paper overviews about to find out the errors that come from three axis CNC vertical milling machine. The errors come from, the CNC milling machine can be modelled into mathematical models and later on these error models will be used to analyse the errors in the measured data. Many errors from CNC machine tools have given significant effects toward the accuracy and repeatability of manufacturing process. There are two error sources come from CNC machine tools such as tool deflection and thermal distortions of machine tool structure. These errors later on will contribute to result in the geometrical deviations of moving axis in CNC vertical milling machine. Geometrical deviations of moving axis such as linear positioning errors, roll, pitch and yaw can be designated as volumetric errors in three axis machine tool. Geometrical deviations of moving axises happen at every axis in three axis CNC vertical milling machine. Geometrical deviations of moving axises in linear and angular movement has the amount of errors up to twenty one errors. Moreover, this geometrical errors play the major role in the total amount of errors and for that particular reason extra attention towards the geometrical deviation errors will be needed along machining process. Each of geometrical error of three axes vertical machining center is modeled using a homogeneous transformation matrix (HTM). The developed mathematical model is used to calculate geometrical errors at each axis and to predict the resultant error vector at the interface of machine tool and workpiece for error compensation.

Experimental Assessment of Effect of Backlash Control Parameters on Quadrant Protrusions of Circular Tests for CNC Machine Tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
Chuan-Hsun Hsu ◽  
Chi-Hsiang Wang ◽  
Syh-Shiuh Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Circular Test ◽  
Binary Search Algorithm ◽  
The Relationship

Backlash, friction, and servo lag factors often result in protrusion or segment difference phenomenon in the moving speed reversal of a machine tool’s moving table. This phenomenon can be improved by adjusting the backlash control parameters of the machine tool controller, but the control parameters must vary with the feed rate and payload of the moving table. Therefore, this study performed the circular test process for CNC machine tools, and used different feed rate, radius, and payload motion conditions to discuss the effect of backlash control parameters on quadrant protrusions. First, this study used parameter-range reduction combined with the Taguchi method and the binary search algorithm to search for the optimal backlash control parameters in the parameter setting range, so that the machine tool could have preferable quadrant protrusion performance when executing circular tests. Afterward, the correlation of the moving table feed rate, radius, and payload to the quadrant protrusion was analyzed according to the experimental results. The results indicated that the machine tool moving table feed rate had the most apparent effect on quadrant protrusions, and the relationship between the payload and quadrant protrusion was influenced by the moving table feed rate and circular radius simultaneously.

Volumetric Positioning Errors of CNC Machining Tools and Laser Sequential Step Diagonal Measurement

2006 ◽  
Vol 315-316 ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Shen ◽  
H.T. Zhang ◽  
Hong Tao Cao ◽  
Jian Guo Yang ◽  
C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Transformation Matrices ◽  
Positioning Errors ◽  
Analysis Measurement ◽  
Key Factor

The volumetric positioning precision of CNC machine tools is the key factor to get high machining precision, so the analysis, measurement and compensation of the volumetric error is becoming more and more important. In this paper, the modeling results of 3-axes CNC machine tools with four different configurations are given based on rigid body theory and homogeneous coordination transformation matrices. An improved sequential step diagonal measurement method is proposed and analyzed because the current laser measurement methods are complex and time cost. At the final section of the paper, the measurement data was applied into the error compensation and the sequential step diagonal measurement method was validated efficient and convenient.

Research on High Performance Direct-Driving Motor Applied to Swivel Spindle Head

2014 ◽  
Vol 701-702 ◽  
pp. 874-878
Author(s):  
Shao Hsien Chen ◽  
Chin Mou Hsu ◽  
Kuo Lin Chiu ◽  
Chu Peng Chan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Positional Accuracy ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Five Axis

Swivel spindle head is a key component used in five-axis machine tool of high performance and is of great importance in application and design. Nowadays, more and more components are manufactured by high performance multi-axis CNC machine tools, such as components of spaceflight, renewable energy and automobile, etc. Therefore, high performance machine tools of multiple axes are more and more urgently demanded, while Swivel spindle head is one of the most important components for a multi-axis machine tool. Hence, Swivel spindle head is one of the key to developers multi-axis machine tool . The study explores the highly responsive direct-driving motor able to drive the spindle head to rotate with multi-driving rotary technology. The dual-driving motor rotates via multi-driving units, generates torsion that magnifies and eliminates its clearance, and then drives the spindle head to rotate. Results of the test show that the completed machine tool can meet the standards of dual axis rotary head with high preformation in, no matter, speed, distance, positional accuracy, repeated accuracy or maximum torque, etc.

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