Influence of Liver Intoxication by Carbon Tetrachloride or D-Galactosamine on Absorption of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-Dextran-10 and Other Marker Compounds with Different Molecular Weights from the Rat Liver Surface

SummaryOf the two cell types it was possible to culture from the dissociated rat liver, hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, only the former were fibrinolytically active. Rat hepatocytes during the first 24 hr in culture secreted two plasminogen activators with molecular weights identical to those found in rat plasma, an 80,000-dalton form (PA-80) and a 45,000-dalton form (PA-45). Partially purified preparations of plasminogen activators from both sources were subjected to isoelectric focusing (IEF) to compare characteristics further. There were three distinct peaks of PA-45 in each preparation with isoelectric points of 7.1, 7.2 and 7.4; all electrophoretic forms had the same low affinity to fibrin. PA-80 from both sources displayed similar IEF profiles with forms ranging from pH values of 7 to 8, all with the same high affinity to fibrin. The major form of PA-80 in the plasma preparation had an isoelectric point of 7.9 whereas that in the hepatocyte preparation had an isoelectric point of 7.6. The isolated perfused rat liver was also shown to produce both PA-80 and PA-45 emphasizing the physiological relevance of the findings with hepatocytes. It is concluded that in the rat hepatocytes contribute to the plasma profile with regard to the plasminogen activator content.

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Characterization and Partial Purification of Heterodisperse Polysomal RNAs in Normal and Neoplastic Cells

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089167205800203 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 71-94

Author(s):

Ada Sacchi ◽

Gianni Chinali ◽

Susetta Pons ◽

Michela Galdieri ◽

Piero Cammarano

Keyword(s):

Size Distribution ◽

Density Gradient ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Sucrose Density Gradient ◽

Partial Purification ◽

Messenger Rnas ◽

Alkaline Ph ◽

Sedimentation Profile ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Phenol Extraction

The size distribution of cytoplasmic messenger RNAs (m-RNA) has been studied in rat liver and in monodifferentiated cells (mouse reticulocytes and myelomas). It has been found that the RNA which exhibits a « rapid turnover » and a polydisperse profile of radioactivity is refractory to phenol extraction. This property has been exploited to selectively isolate m–RNA from the phenol residue by means of an extraction at an alkaline pH. The sucrose density gradient profiles of m–RNA isolated from monodifferentiated cells show monodisperse peaks having the sedimentation coefficients expected on the basis of the molecular weights of monocistronic messages for α and β chains of hemoglobin (reticulocytes) and L and H chains of immunoglobulin (myelomas). The sedimentation profile of cytoplasmic m–RNA associated with rat liver polysomes shows a much broader distribution, with sedimentation coefficients ranging from 8 S to 28 S.

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Spray-Dried Plasma Improves Body Weight, Intestinal Barrier Function, and Tibia Strength during Experimental Constant Heat Stress Conditions

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11082213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2213

Author(s):

Jared Ruff ◽

Thaina L. Barros ◽

Joy Campbell ◽

Ricardo González-Esquerra ◽

Christine N. Vuong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Negative Control ◽

Intestinal Barrier Function ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Dextran ◽

Prolonged Heat ◽

Spray Dried

The aim of this study was to see how spray-dried plasma (SDP) supplementation affected broiler chicken performance, intestinal permeability, and bone strength during persistent heat stress. One-day-old chicks (n = 480) were randomly assigned into twelve environmental corrals; four thermoneutral (TN-negative control, maintained at 24 °C from d 21–42); four heat stress (HS, exposed to 35 °C from d 21–42); and four heat stress treated with 2% SDP in the feed until d 28 followed by 1% SDP until d 42 (HS-SDP). The performance and serum levels of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d) were evaluated at d 21, 28, 35, and 42. The tibias strength was evaluated on d 21 and 42. The increment in chicken temperature (p < 0.05) was observed two h following the increase in environmental temperature in both HS groups and was associated with decreased performance parameters compared with the TN group. At d 42 of age, the chickens exposed to HS had an impaired gut permeability and decreased tibia strength compared to the TN group (p < 0.05). However, partially feeding SDP mitigated these adverse effects significantly. These findings imply that using SDP strategically during stressful times, such as prolonged heat stress, may help mitigate its negative consequences.

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Delivery of Foreign Materials into Adherent Cells by Gold Nanoparticle-Mediated Photoporation

Membranes ◽

10.3390/membranes11080550 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 550

Author(s):

Xiaofan Du ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Lan Chen ◽

Zhenxi Zhang ◽

Cuiping Yao

Keyword(s):

Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽

Adherent Cells ◽

Thermal Dynamics ◽

Cervical Cell ◽

Nanosecond Pulse Laser ◽

Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Dextran ◽

Extracellular Materials ◽

Foreign Materials ◽

Cell Medium ◽

Delivery Efficiency

Delivering extracellular materials into adherent cells presents several challenges. A homemade photoporation platform, mediated by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), was constructed to find a suitable method for finding all adherent cells in this process with high delivery efficiency. The thermal dynamics of AuNPs could be monitored. Based on this system, 60 nm AuNPs were selected to be attached to cells for optimal photoporation. After irradiating the cells covered with AuNPs using a nanosecond pulse laser, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran in the medium were delivered into optoporated adherent HeLa (human cervical cell lines) cells. The delivery efficiency and cell viability of this process were evaluated using a fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The experimental results showed that targeting cells using antibodies, laser irradiation from the top of the cell culture well, and reducing the cell medium are important for improving the delivery efficiency. The optimal loading efficiency for adherent HeLa cells was 53.4%.

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