Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Rutaceous Plants. LXVI. The Chemical Constituents of Toddalia asiatica (L.) LAM. (T. aculeata PERS.). (1). Chemical Constituents of the Root Bark

Abstract Toddalia asiatica (Linn) Lam (T. asiatica) as a traditional Miao medicine was investigated to find rational alternative medicinal parts for T. asiatica root bark and its antitumor chemical constituents by quantitative pharmacognostic microscopy, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint and multivariate statistical analysis. A bivariate correlation analysis method based on microscopic characteristics and content of chemical constituents was established for the first time, there were some regular discoveries between powder microscopic characteristics and common chromatographic peaks of T. asiatica through quantitative pharmacognostic microscopy, cork cells, calcium oxalate square crystal, brown clump, starch granule and phloem fiber, as powder microscopic characteristics may be placed where the main chemical constitutes were enriched. Scores plot of principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram of hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) showed that 18 T. asiatica samples were distinguished correctly, clustered clearly into two main groups as follows: S01∼S03 (root bark) and S07∼S09 (stem bark) in cluster 1, S04∼S06 and S10∼S18 in cluster 2. Nineteen common peaks were obtained in HPLC fingerprint of T. asiatica, loadings plot of PCA indicated seven compounds played important roles in different part of samples (P10 > P08 > P07 > P14 > P16 > P17 > P19), peaks 04, 06, 07, 08, 10 were identified as hesperidin, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, toddalolactone, isopimpinlline and pimpinellin. MTT assay was used to determine the inhibitory activity of different medicinal parts of T. asiatica on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, all parts of T. asiatica had different inhibitory effects on MCF-7 cell lines, root and stem barks of T. asiatica showed the best inhibitory activity. The relationship between chemical constituents and the inhibitions on MCF-7 cell had been established, significant antitumor constituents of T. asiatica were identified by correlation analysis, the order of the antitumor effect of the main compounds was P07 (toddalolactone) > P16 > P06 (4-methoxycinnamic acid), P11 > P18 > P10 (pimpinellin) > P08 (isopimpinellin) > P01 > P19 > P14 > P04 (hesperidin) > P17, which were antitumor chemical constituents of T. asiatica root bark. T. asiatica stem bark was the most rational alternative medicinal part for T. asiatica root bark.

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Chemical Composition of Aegle marmelos: A Review

Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science ◽

10.52711/2231-5659.2021.00044 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 280-290

Author(s):

Yogita Chowdhary

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Fixed Dose ◽

Root Bark ◽

Preclinical Studies ◽

Aegle Marmelos ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Aegle marmelos (Bilva) is being used in Ayurveda for the treatment of several inflammatory disorders. The plant is a member of a fixed dose combination of Dashamoola in Ayurveda. However, the usage of roots/root bark or stems is associated with sustainability concerns. Bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.) is an important medicinal plant of India. Leaves, fruits, stem and roots of A. marmelos have been used in ethno medicine to exploit its' medicinal properties including astringent, antidiarrheal antidysenteric, demulcent, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities. Compounds purified from bael have been proven to be biologically active against several major diseases including cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Preclinical studies indicate the therapeutic potential of crude extracts of A. marmelos in the treatment of many microbial diseases, diabetes and gastric ulcer. This review covers the biological activities of some isolated chemical constituents of A. marmelos and preclinical studies on some crude extracts and pure compounds to explore novel bioactive compounds for therapeutic application. Aegle marmelos (L.) is a seasonal fruit that contains significant amounts of bioactives like, phenolic acids (gallic acids, 2,3-dihydroxy benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid), flavonoid (rutin), organic acids (oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid), vitamin C, vitamin B group (thiamine, niacin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, biotin, cobalamins, riboflavin), tocopherols (α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol), carotenes (α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, δ-carotene) and also rich in essential minerals (potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, iron, copper, manganese). Hence the use of aegle plays important role as anti-inflammatory.

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Chemical constituents from the root bark of Cynanchum auriculatum

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.bse.2018.08.003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 81 ◽

pp. 30-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xin-Jie Wang ◽

Xu-Hui Lv ◽

Zhen-Lin Li ◽

Shi-Hui Qian ◽

She-Ban Pu

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Root Bark ◽

Cynanchum Auriculatum

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ChemInform Abstract: Antiplasmodial and Larvicidal Compounds of Toddalia asiatica Root Bark

ChemInform ◽

10.1002/chin.201408228 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (8) ◽

pp. no-no

Author(s):

T. Nyahanga ◽

J. Isaac Jondiko ◽

L. Onyango Arot Manguro ◽

J. Atieno Orwa

Keyword(s):

Root Bark ◽

Toddalia Asiatica

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Chemical constituents from leaves and root bark of Trichilia monadelpha (Meliaceae)

Phytochemistry Letters ◽

10.1016/j.phytol.2017.11.020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 120-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kemda Pamela Nangmo ◽

Tontsa Armelle Tsamo ◽

Liu Zhen ◽

Pierre Mkounga ◽

Sergi Herve Akone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Root Bark

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Chemical constituents from the root bark of Ozoroa insignis

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.bse.2008.11.019 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 116-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Margaret Mwihaki Ng'ang'a ◽

Hidayat Hussain ◽

Sumesh Chhabra ◽

Caroline Langat-Thoruwa ◽

Karsten Krohn

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Root Bark

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Bioactive chemical constituents from the root bark of Morus australis

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters ◽

10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.046 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 309-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yu-Ren Liao ◽

Ping-Chung Kuo ◽

Wei-Jern Tsai ◽

Guan-Jhong Huang ◽

Kuo-Hsiung Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Root Bark

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Chemical Constituents from the Root Bark ofRodgersia Sambucifolia

Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society ◽

10.1002/jccs.200700013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 75-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hao-Bin Hu ◽

Yu-Feng Jian ◽

Hong Cao ◽

Xu-Dong Zheng

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Root Bark

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Comparative Study of the Chemical Constituents and Bioactivities of the Extracts from Fruits, Leaves and Root Barks of Lycium barbarum

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24081585 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1585 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xiao Xiao ◽

Wei Ren ◽

Nan Zhang ◽

Tao Bing ◽

Xiangjun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Screening Method ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Root Bark ◽

Lycium Barbarum ◽

Functional Components ◽

First Time

The fruits, leaves and root barks of L. barbarum plant are widely used as functional foods and as ingredients in traditional Chinese prescriptions and patent medicines. They are considered to have different pharmacological activities and health benefits because of their diverse constituents. Here, the chemical constituents of the extracts from fruits, leaves and root barks of L. barbarum were compared by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HR-MS). A total of 131 compounds were identified and seven of them were quantified. Among them, 98, 28 and 35 constituents were detected in fruits, leaves and root barks respectively. Dicaffeoylspermidine/spermine derivatives were the most detected compounds (74/131); among them, dicaffeoylspermine isomers and propionyl-dicaffeoylspermidine were found in root barks in very large amounts (e.g., kukoamine B = 10.90 mg/g dry powder); dicaffeoyl-spermidine isomers were detected in fruits/leaves in a high amount, and many of their glycosylated derivatives were mainly detected in fruits. In addition, six saponins from L. barbarum fruits were reported for the first time, and 5,6-dihydrosolasonine was reported for the first time in plants. The activity assays showed that the root bark extract possessed the strongest antioxidative activity and cytotoxicity, which was presumed due to the large amount of dicaffeoylspermine/spermidines in root barks. Fourteen potential bioactive components from fruits were identified by a target cell-based screening method. These results will help to understand the different biological activities of these three parts of L. barbarum plant and will benefit the discovery of new functional components.

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