The Effect of Localized Upper Body Fatigue on Static and Dynamic Balance

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 336-337
Author(s):  
Jaclyn S. Powell ◽  
Kristen M. Blankenship ◽  
Esther Y. Kim ◽  
Jonathan M. Lloyd ◽  
Kristen L. Jagger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Upper Body

The Relationship Between Fear of Falling and Functional Fitness among Older Adults Living in Rest Home

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Tuna ◽  
Ö Bozan ◽  
B Gürpınar ◽  
N İlçin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
Rest Home ◽  
History Of

Objective: This study aimed to report the fear of falling and assess its associations with several fall-related characteristics and functional fitness parameters among older adults living in the rest home. Methods: Seventy-eight older adults aged between 65-94 years were included in the study. History of falling and the number of risk factors for falling were recorded. Fear of falling was evaluated with The Falls Efficacy ScaleInternational. Functional fitness was assessed with Senior Fitness Test, including tests for the functional measurement of strength, flexibility, aerobic endurance and dynamic balance. Result: The mean age of participants was 78.46±7.16 years. There were correlations exist between fear of falling and number of fall risk factors, dynamic balance, upper body flexibility and aerobic endurance (p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the parameters with the highest determinants of fear of falling were the dynamic balance and history of falling (p<0.05). Conclusions: In our study, history of falling, number of fall risk factors, flexibility for the upper body, aerobic endurance and dynamic balance were parameters related to fear of falling among older adults, but the most influential factors in fear of falling were dynamic balance and history of falling.

scholarly journals Functional fitness normative values for elderly polish population

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Ignasiak ◽  
Anna Sebastjan ◽  
Teresa Sławińska ◽  
Anna Skrzek ◽  
Wojciech Czarny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Effective Prevention

Abstract Background It’s really important to measure the actual functional physical fitness of elderly independent living persons from different environments to know the level and rate of decrease may inform about the threat of loss of functional independence, hence the need to monitor and assess the senior’s motor realm and adapt to it the appropriate programs and treatments in the care for the elderly person. Methods The study involved 5367 people (mean age 69,63 ± 7,06), including 4164 women (mean age 69,55 ± 7,11) and 1203 men (mean age 69,91 ± 6,86) aged 60 to 93 years old. We have measured basic anthropometric features and physical fitness (by using Senior Fitness Test). Results The average values in individual SFT tests significantly decrease along with age. After age of 80 and 85 there were no sex differences in SFT. The largest deficits concern the dynamic balance and the decrease reaches 69% in men and 62% in women A significantly higher rate of decline in aerobic capacity concerns men (43%) than women (36.9%). A clearly lower rate of loss occurs in the muscular strength of the lower and upper body and does not exceed 30%. Conclusions The results are of great clinical importance for the development of effective prevention and gerontological education programs in terms of promoting active lifestyle and successful ageing, at the same time limiting the economic consequences of treatment and hospitalisation.

scholarly journals Cognitive ability and motor performances in the elderly

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-143
Author(s):  
Stevan Jovanovic ◽  
Biljana Stojanovic-Jovanovic ◽  
Aleksandra Pavlovic ◽  
Radovan Milosevic ◽  
Dragan Pavlovic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Wide Range

Background/Aim. Ageing entails a wide range of cognitive processes that are not independent of one another. It leads to changes in physical-motor characteristics and sometimes to disability. The aim was to examine the association between multiple cognitive performances in elderly subjects and their physical-motor abilities measured by a variety of tests. Methods: In total, 98 elderly (60+) participants (16 males and 82 females), took part in the study. Cognitive abilities were assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)/Serbian version and physical measures were assessed by the Senior Fitness Test with its five subtests, supplemented by the Walking Speed Test. Results: Several MoCA items demonstrated relatively low variability, i.e. they proved to be too easy for most of the participants. The participants exhibited the lowest performance on the memory relating to other domains, followed by executive functions, visuospatial skills, attention, concentration, and working memory domains, with the highest performance on temporal and spatial orientation relating to other domains. Executive functions and language correlated most significantly with physical strength. Agility and dynamic balance, lower- and upper-body strength, and aerobic endurance correlated moderately and positively. Conclusions: This study underlines the positive correlation between physical fitness and cognitive level in the elderly and emphasizes the importance of physical fitness for cognitive functions, especially those of executive type in elderly subjects. Clinicians should consider the association between cognitive function and physical-motor performances when dealing with functioning improvement in the elderly. The importance of designing the most efficient exercise programs to achieve maximal somatic and cognitive effects.

Relationships between balance and physical fitness variables in firefighter recruits

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-677
Author(s):  
Rudi A. Marciniak ◽  
Kyle T. Ebersole ◽  
David J. Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Balance Ability ◽  
Lower Body Strength

BACKGROUND: Research has suggested that balance ability contributes to musculoskeletal injury (MSKI) rates in firefighters. Though the Y-Balance Test (YBT) can predict injury, it is unclear what physical measures inform YBT performance in firefighters. Thus, there is a lack of knowledge regarding best practice for improving balance in firefighters. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the YBT and fitness measures, including body composition, aerobic capacity, functional total-body power, upper and lower-body strength, and movement efficiency, among firefighters. METHODS: Dynamic balance (YBT), body mass index (BMI), body-fat percentage (BF%), fat free mass (FFM), aerobic capacity (VO2max), stair climb (SC), upper (1RMbench) and lower-body (1RMsquat) strength, and Fusionetics™ Movement Efficiency Screen (ME) measures were collected among 35 firefighter recruits. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine relationships between YBT and the performance measures. RESULTS: Dynamic balance ability in firefighter recruits is significantly (p < 0.05) related to BMI, lower-body strength, and movement quality, but not with aerobic capacity, stair climb performance, and upper body strength. CONCLUSIONS: Greater YBT performance in firefighter recruits is associated with lower BMI, greater functional movement, and greater lower-body strength. Future research is warranted to incorporate these elements into balance training programs for firefighter recruits.

Developing the Positional Characteristics of a Dance-Specific Star Excursion Balance Test (dsSEBT)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Beckman ◽  
James Brouner
Keyword(s):  
Error Score ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Lower Reach ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Time To Completion ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Star Excursion Balance Test ◽  
Parallel Condition

Current dynamic balance tests do not sufficiently test all aspects of balance required for dancers in everyday training and performances. The aim of this study was to examine alterations to the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) to ensure a more dance-specific protocol. Twenty-four healthy ballet and contemporary dancers (age: 22.21 ± 6.47 years) participated in completing five different variations of the SEBT. This research implemented upper-body restrictions commonly used in dance settings and tested the effects of two different foot positions, parallel and turned out, as well as two alternate balance surfaces, a foam balance pad and a firm yoga block. Reach distances (percent of limb length), center of pressure (COP, cm2), error scores, and time to completion were measured. Overall, the dance-specific upper body restrictions did not affect the dancer’s ability to reach maximally and achieve a successful trial as there were no significant differences between the original SEBT and the dance-specific SEBT parallel condition (p = 1.00). The foam and block conditions were found to be significantly more difficult due to lower reach distance values, higher COP values, and higher error score values when compared to the original, parallel, and turnout positions (p < 0.05). Lastly, it was discovered that 62.61% of all errors made were in the crossed side and crossed front spokes, suggesting these are the most difficult reach directions to accomplish. The variations used in the study will aid in developing a reliable dance-specific dynamic balance test.

Variations in cricket players’ upper body dynamic balance across different levels of competition

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika Singla ◽  
M. Ejaz Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Competition Level ◽  
Bilateral Differences ◽  
Body Dynamic

AbstractBackgroundBalance ability has been associated with performance and injury prevention in athletes. Previous studies have investigated the differences in lower body dynamic balance abilities among male high school, collegiate and professional soccer players.ObjectiveTo investigate the differences on the Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (UQYBT) in school, collegiate and employed cricket players.SubjectsDynamic balance data were collected for school (SCH; n = 22), collegiate (COL; n = 19) and employed (EMP; n = 15) cricket players of Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India using the UQYBT standardized protocol.MethodsFor the UQYBT, the participant reached with one hand in the medial, superolateral and inferolateral directions while maintaining three points of contact (other hand and both feet). The test was performed for both non-dominant and dominant hands.ResultsThe SCH group had the least medial reach distance than the other two groups (p = 0.010). Also, SCH players tended to exhibit a lower composite reach score than the other groups, but this difference was not significant (p > 0.05). No bilateral differences were observed among the three groups in any of the reach directions.ConclusionsUpper body dynamic balance performance varied with the competition level. This may indicate that athletes’ movement strategies may be different depending on the competition level and that normative values may need to be established for each competition level.

scholarly journals A biomechanical examination of the inclusion of active flexibility in artistic gymnastic movements requiring mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
Milaim Berisha
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Anatomic Structure ◽  
Body Angle ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Similar Body

Background and Study Aim. The purpose of the study is a biomechanical examination of the inclusion of active flexibility in artistic gymnastic movements requiring mobility (muscles' ability to stretch), flexibility and other motor abilities such as force, power, etc. Material and Methods. The study included 17 girl gymnasts aged 7-9 years old, with a body height of 140.7±10.2, weight of 34.1±6.4, and a body mass index of 17.6±3.0. Data collection in the study was made by using performance tests developed by FIG such as a Forward-Backward Split, Side Spit, Arm-Trunk Angle Backward, Trunk Bent Forward, Leg Raise forward, Leg Raise Sideward, Bridge, Standing long Jump, Lift Trunk Forward-60secs, Angle Degree of the Leg Split Position in Cartwheel, and Arm-Upper Body Angle Backward in Bridge Technique. The Kinovea 0.8.15 program was used in the data analysis of the variables in the study. The SPSS 24 software program was used for the data analysis. Percentages of the angle degree calculated by the formula “%= (angle0 of the mobility in functional movement / angle0 of the active flexibility) *100” were found. Results. Results indicate that active flexibility was 90% functional in the leg raise sideward, 90% in the leg split during execution of the cartwheel, 17.5% in the bridge technique, and completely functional for the flexibility ratio expressed in the leg raise forward technique. In the analysis of the various elements of the similar biomechanics, the anatomic structure and similar body planes, it was concluded that active flexibility expressed in the movements required a mobility of around 65-75%. Conclusions.. it was determined that the functionality rate of the techniques requiring active flexibility and requiring mobility of the same biomechanical and anatomical structure was around 65-75%. Therefore, to execute 100% of the flexibility in action (during active elements) as it is in a passively or actively, it may significantly increase force, motor control, dynamic balance, coordination etc., in the large range of motion.

scholarly journals Aerobic Exercise Combination Intervention to Improve Physical Performance Among the Elderly: A Systematic Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Bai ◽  
Kim Geok Soh ◽  
Roxana Dev Omar Dev ◽  
Othman Talib ◽  
Wensheng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Combined Training ◽  
Body Strength

The benefits of aerobic exercise for the elderly are well-known. They extend beyond cardiovascular changes and can reduce the inactivity-induced loss of strength, mobility, balance, and endurance that are vital for the safe performance of daily activities in older adults. However, the benefits of combined aerobic exercise with other exercises such as strength/resistance, multi-component and aerobic exercise remain unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of combined aerobic exercise on physical performance among the elderly, as opposed to single aerobic exercise. We searched four databases of SCOPUS, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and CINAHL Plus to find 18 articles that met criteria. Data was extracted using PICOs extraction tool and summarized using a narrative synthesis approach. Studies have shown that aerobics combined resistance/strength training (CEX), multi-component training (ME), and dance combined training has positive and significant effects on the physical performance (upper body strength and lower body strength, dynamic balance, fall risk, mobility, gait, agility, flexibility) of the elderly. CEX had additional benefits compared to aerobic training (AER) and resistance/strength training (RES) in gait speed, lower limb strength, and trunk fat. Furthermore, CEX was more effective than AER in improving sitting and stretching, elbow flexion, knee flexion, shoulder flexion and stretching, strength and body fat, function reach test, 30-s chair standing test and 6-min walking test, self-evaluation of body function. Therefore, the combination of multiple components contributes to the overall improvement in physical fitness of the elderly, thus preventing them from losing balance and reducing susceptibility to injury.Clinical Trial Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails], identifier [CRD42021213147].

scholarly journals Functional fitness norms and trends of community-dwelling older adults in urban China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Zhao ◽  
Zhuying Wang ◽  
Pak-Kwong Chung ◽  
Sheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractThis study aimed to (1) establish age- and sex-specific functional fitness (FF) norms in Chinese older adults living in urban communities and (2) explore ageing-related degradations and sex differences in each FF dimension. A pool of 2398 individuals (1128 men; 1270 women) aged 60–98 years were recruited from urban communities of Nanjing, China. FF was measured using the Senior Fitness Test battery. FF norms were established for men and women in 5-year age intervals using five percentiles (10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th). Significant degradations in FF were correlated with increases in age. Around half of test items in 75–79 years group (3 for men; 4 for women) and over half in 80–84 years group (5 for men; 4 for women) exhibited significant decreases in FF compared with the adjacent younger group, indicating that ages of 75 and 80 years are two potential turning points in FF declines. Significant differences existed between the overall FF of men and women; women outperformed men in flexibility and men outperformed women in upper body strength, agility/dynamic balance, and aerobic endurance. Significant age and sex effects occurred in each fitness dimension, which helps individualised program design and promotes an active lifestyle in older adults.

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