EXPLORING FACTORS UNDERLYING PERFORMANCE SATISFACTION OF AN ACUTE RECREATIONAL EXERCISE SESSION

Background: Antioxidant supplementation has become a common practice among athletes to theoretically achieve a reduction in oxidative stress, promote recovery and improve performance. Objective: To assess the effect of antioxidant supplements on exercise. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed up to January 2019 in MEDLINE via EBSCO and Pubmed, and in Web of Sciences based on the following terms: “antioxidants” [Major] AND “exercise” AND “adaptation”; “antioxidant supplement” AND “(exercise or physical activity)” AND “(adaptation or adjustment)” [MesH]. Thirty-six articles were finally included. Results: Exhaustive exercise induces an antioxidant response in neutrophils through an increase in antioxidant enzymes, and antioxidant low-level supplementation does not block this adaptive cellular response. Supplementation with antioxidants appears to decrease oxidative damage blocking cell-signaling pathways associated with muscle hypertrophy. However, upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes after resistance training is blocked by exogenous antioxidant supplementation. Supplementation with antioxidants does not affect the performance improvement induced by resistance exercise. The effects of antioxidant supplementation on physical performance and redox status may vary depending on baseline levels. Conclusion: The antioxidant response to exercise has two components: At the time of stress and adaptation through genetic modulation processes in front of persistent pro-oxidant situation. Acute administration of antioxidants immediately before or during an exercise session can have beneficial effects, such as a delay in the onset of fatigue and a reduction in the recovery period. Chronic administration of antioxidant supplements may impair exercise adaptations, and is only beneficial in subjects with low basal levels of antioxidants.

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Outcomes of Multidisciplinary Care for Pediatric Post-Concussive Symptoms

Neurology ◽

10.1212/01.wnl.0000581004.98313.0c ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 (14 Supplement 1) ◽

pp. S18.1-S18

Author(s):

Jillian O’Neil ◽

Sean Rose ◽

Ashley Davidson ◽

Kathleen Shiplett ◽

Anthony Castillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽

Symptom Burden ◽

Multidisciplinary Care ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Symptom Improvement ◽

Final Visit ◽

Post Injury ◽

History Of

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary treatment approach for adolescents experiencing prolonged recovery from concussion.BackgroundAlthough most youth recover from a concussion within 2–4 weeks, an estimated 14% of those injured remain symptomatic at 3 months post-injury. For those experiencing protracted recovery, the 2017 Berlin Concussion in Sport Group Consensus Statement recommends multidisciplinary collaborative care. While recent research utilizing progressive aerobic exercise among adolescents with concussion has shown promise for reduction in symptom burden, limited evidence exists for multidisciplinary care.Design/MethodsParticipants included 39 adolescents (77% female, 87% Caucasian) referred to the Nationwide Children’s Hospital Complex Concussion Clinic. All patients included had persistent (≥30 days post-injury) post-concussion symptoms (SCAT-5 symptom score ≥10). The sample ranged in age from 11-20 years (mean = 15.0, SD = 2.0) and median days since injury was 60 (range = 30–161). 31% of participants had a history of one or more previous concussions, 54% had a history of anxiety or depression, and 26% had a history of ADHD or a learning disorder. The multidisciplinary treatment included sessions with Neurology (mean number of sessions = 2.5), Neuropsychology (mean = 2.1), Physical Therapy (mean = 3.6), and Athletic Training sessions involving graded physical exercise (mean = 4.0), with an average treatment duration of 57.4 days. SCAT-5 symptom rating scales were completed at each visit.ResultsSymptom burden among participants significantly decreased between their initial visit (mean = 49.6, SD = 19.2) and final exercise session (mean = 12.8, SD = 14.1); p < 0.001. Gender did not predict symptom ratings at treatment onset, though males (mean = 5.6) had significantly lower symptom scores than females (mean = 15.0) at their final visit (p < 0.05). Demographic factors and premorbid psychological history did not predict rate of symptom improvement.ConclusionsHigh rates of premorbid psychological problems are evident in children referred for treatment of PCS. Multidisciplinary care involving graded aerobic exercise and psychological intervention shows promise, though specific factors associated with treatment response remain to be elucidated.

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Relationship of Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Use, Recreational Exercise and Obesity with Serum Lipid Atherogenicity: A Study of Self-Defense Officials in Japan

Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.2188/jea.8.227 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 227-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Takashi Umeda ◽

Suminori Kono ◽

Yutaka Sakurai ◽

Koichi Shinchi ◽

Koji Imanishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Self Defense ◽

Recreational Exercise ◽

Relationship Of

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Influence of Menstrual Cycle Estradiol-β-17 Fluctuations on Energy Substrate Utilization-Oxidation during Aerobic, Endurance Exercise

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18137209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (13) ◽

pp. 7209

Author(s):

Hannah N. Willett ◽

Kristen J. Koltun ◽

Anthony C. Hackney

Keyword(s):

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Athletic Performance ◽

Luteal Phase ◽

Substrate Utilization ◽

Follicular Phase ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Future Research ◽

Physically Active ◽

Energy Substrate ◽

Fat Utilization

This study examined the effect of estradiol-β-17 across the menstrual cycle (MC) during aerobic exercise on energy substrate utilization and oxidation. Thirty-two eumenorrheic (age = 22.4 ± 3.8 y (mean ± SD)), physically active women participated in two steady-state running sessions at 65% of VO2max, one during the early follicular and one during the luteal phase of the MC. Blood samples were collected at rest before each exercise session and analyzed for Estradiol-β-17 to confirm the MC phase. Carbohydrate (CHO) utilization and oxidation values were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the luteal (utilization: 51.6 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 1.22 ± 0.56 g/min; effect size (ES) = 0.45, 0.27) than follicular phase (utilization: 58.2 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 1.38 ± 0.60 g/min) exercise sessions. Conversely, fat utilization and oxidation values were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the luteal (utilization: 48.4 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 0.49 ± 0.19 g/min; ES = 0.45,0.28) than follicular phase (utilization: 41.8 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 0.41 ± 0.14 g/min). Estradiol-β-17 concentrations were significantly (p < 0.01) greater during the luteal (518.5 ± 285.4 pmol/L; ES = 0.75) than follicular phase (243.8 ± 143.2 pmol/L). Results suggest a greater use of fat and reduced amount of CHO usage during the luteal versus follicular phase, directly related to the change in resting estradiol-β-17. Future research should investigate the role these changes may play in female athletic performance.

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Can Rules in Technical-Tactical Decisions Influence on Physical and Mental Load during Soccer Training? A Pilot Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18084313 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 4313

Author(s):

Tomás García-Calvo ◽

Juan José Pulido ◽

José Carlos Ponce-Bordón ◽

Miguel Ángel López-Gajardo ◽

Israel Teoldo Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Fatigue ◽

Physical Load ◽

Mental Load ◽

Internal Load ◽

Score System ◽

Perceived Effort ◽

Minimum Number ◽

Soccer Training ◽

Tactical Decisions ◽

Performance Satisfaction

This study aimed to analyze the effects of rules limitations in pass decisions during soccer tasks on physical and mental load reported by players. Participants were 40 semiprofessional Spanish soccer players (Mage = 22.40, SD = 2.25) from two male teams. Two training sessions with four tasks (same tasks with different score system: two maintaining ball possession games with goalkeepers, and two maintaining ball possession games) in counterbalanced order between teams were completed. To achieve a goal during limitation tasks, a minimum number of players had to participate in the passes before the goal. Internal (perceived effort and heart rate) and external physical load (distances), mental load (validated adaptation of the NASA-TXL) and fatigue (VASfatigue) were quantified. Paired t-test and magnitude-based inference were conducted. The results showed significantly higher mean speeds (p < 0.01), effort perception (p < 0.001), and mental fatigue (very likely positive) during possession games with restrictions. Additionally, performance satisfaction obtained significantly higher values with goalkeepers and pass restrictions (very likely positive). External physical load showed no significant differences between situations. The influence of mental fatigue on internal load and the complexity of the tasks could explain these results. Coaches can use this information to manipulate the training load in ecological conditions.

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