scholarly journals Influence of Resistance Exercise on Lean Body Mass in Aging Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK D. PETERSON ◽  
ANANDA SEN ◽  
PAUL M. GORDON
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aging Adults

Body Composition Outcomes of a Qigong Intervention Among Community-Dwelling Aging Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1574-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Ying Chang ◽  
Hsiao-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
Experimental Group

Aging causes various changes in body composition, which are critical implications for health and physical functioning in aging adults. The aim of this study was to explore the body composition outcomes of a qigong intervention among community-dwelling aging adults. This was a quasi-experimental study in which 90 participants were recruited. Forty-eight participants (experimental group) attended a 30-min qigong program 3 times per week for 12 weeks, whereas 42 participants (control group) continued performing their usual daily activities. The experimental group achieved a greater reduction in the fat mass percentage at the posttest, and exhibited increased fat-free mass, lean body mass percentage, and lean body mass to fat mass ratio compared with the controls. No difference between the two groups in body mass index, fat mass, and lean body mass was observed. These results indicated that the qigong intervention showed beneficial outcomes of body composition among community-dwelling aging adults.

Effects of a 12-wk resistance exercise program on skeletal muscle strength in children with burn injuries

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 1168-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar E. Suman ◽  
Ricarda J. Spies ◽  
Mario M. Celis ◽  
Ronald P. Mlcak ◽  
David N. Herndon
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Leg Muscle

The posttraumatic response to burn injury leads to marked and prolonged skeletal muscle catabolism and weakness, which persist despite standard rehabilitation programs of occupational and physical therapy. We investigated whether a resistance exercise program would attenuate muscle loss and weakness that is typically found in children with thermal injury. We assessed the changes in leg muscle strength and lean body mass in severely burned children with >40% total body surface area burned. Patients were randomized to a 12-wk standard hospital rehabilitation program supplemented with an exercise training program ( n = 19) or to a home-based rehabilitation program without exercise ( n = 16). Leg muscle strength was assessed before and after the 12-wk rehabilitation or training program at an isokinetic speed of 150°/s. Lean body mass was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We found that the participation in a resistance exercise program results in a significant improvement in muscle strength, power, and lean body mass relative to a standard rehabilitation program without exercise.

scholarly journals Effect of Bang® Pre-Workout Master Blaster® combined with four weeks of resistance training on lean body mass, maximal strength, mircoRNA expression, and serum IGF-1 in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A. Schwarz ◽  
Sarah K. McKinley-Barnard ◽  
Zachary J. Blahnik
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Maximal Strength ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background The aim of the current study was to determine if 4 weeks of consumption of Bang® Pre-Workout Master Blaster® (BMB; Vital Pharmaceuticals Inc., Weston, FL) combined with resistance training resulted in greater increases in muscle mass and maximal strength compared with resistance training combined with placebo (PLA). Additionally, we aimed to determine if BMB ingestion combined with resistance training preferentially altered resting skeletal muscle expression of microRNAs (miRs) or resting serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1). Methods Sixteen recreationally-active men completed the study. The study employed a block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design. Participants completed two testing sessions separated by 4 weeks of resistance exercise combined with daily supplementation of BMB or PLA. At each testing session, hemodynamics, body composition, and muscle and blood samples were obtained followed by strength assessments of the lower- and upper-body via measurement of squat and bench press one-repetition maximum (1-RM), respectively. A separate general linear model was utilized for analysis of each variable to determine the effect of each supplement (between-factor) over time (within-factor) using an a priori probability level of ≤0.05. Results No significant effects were observed for dietary intake, hemodynamics, fat mass, body fat percentage, or serum IGF-1. A greater increase in total body mass (3.19 kg, 95% CI, 1.98 kg, 4.40 kg vs. 0.44 kg, 95% CI, − 0.50 kg, 1.39 kg) and lean body mass (3.15 kg, 95% CI, 1.80 kg, 4.49 kg vs. 0.89 kg, 95% CI, − 0.14 kg, 1.93 kg) was observed for the BMB group compared with PLA (p <  0.01). A significant increase over time was observed for miR-23a (p = 0.02) and miR-23b (p = 0.05) expression. A greater increase in squat 1-RM was observed for the BMB group (23.86 kg, 95% CI, 16.75 kg, 30.97 kg) compared with the PLA group (14.20 kg, 95% CI, 7.04 kg, 21.37 kg, p = 0.04). Conclusions BMB supplementation combined with resistance exercise training for 4 weeks resulted in superior adaptations in maximal strength and LBM compared with resistance training with a placebo. No adverse resting hemodynamic or clinical blood safety markers were observed as a result of BMB supplementation. The superior outcomes associated with BMB supplementation could not be explained by resting serum IGF-1 or the skeletal muscle miRs measured, although resting miR-23a and miR-23b expression both increased as a result of resistance training.

scholarly journals In-depth analyses of the effects of a diet and resistance exercise intervention in older adults: who benefits most from ProMuscle in Practice?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berber G Dorhout ◽  
Esmée L Doets ◽  
Ellen J I van Dongen ◽  
Lisette C P G M de Groot ◽  
Annemien Haveman-Nies
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Leg Press

Abstract Background The ProMuscle in Practice intervention, comprising resistance exercise and an increased protein intake, was effective in improving muscle strength, lean body mass, and physical functioning in older adults aged ≥65 years (N=168). However, a heterogeneous response to such interventions is common. Therefore, we explored the differences in responsiveness to the intervention in subgroups based on demographic characteristics and mobility-impairing disorders. Methods Multiple regression analyses were performed to study mean changes between baseline and 12 weeks on the Short Physical Performance Battery, chair rise test, lean body mass, knee extension strength, leg press strength, and leg extension strength. The interaction term treatment x subgroup was included to study differences in effects between subgroups. Subgroups comprised age (≤75 vs. &gt;75 years), sex (men vs. women), presence of frailty, presence of sarcopenia, and presence of osteoarthritis. Results A significant interaction effect including age was found on lean body mass (β=-0.8, 95% CI: -1.5; -0.2), favoring participants aged ≤75 years. A significant interaction effect including sex was found on leg press strength (β=15.5, 95% CI: 0.6; 30.3), favoring women. Participants with or without frailty, sarcopenia, or osteoarthritis responded equally to the intervention in terms of absolute effects. Conclusions Participants aged ≤75 years and women benefited to a great extent from the intervention, as they improved significantly on nearly every outcome. Effects in participants with and without a mobility-impairing disorder were comparable, indicating that the intervention is suitable for both groups.

scholarly journals Effects of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in nonfrail community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1043-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique S M ten Haaf ◽  
Malou A H Nuijten ◽  
Martijn F H Maessen ◽  
Astrid M H Horstman ◽  
Thijs M H Eijsvogels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

ABSTRACT Background Increasing protein intake has been suggested as an effective strategy to ameliorate age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Current reviews assessing the effect of protein supplementation are strongly influenced by the inclusion of studies with frail older adults. Objectives We assessed the effect of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in exclusively nonfrail community-dwelling older adults. Moreover, we assessed the superior effects of protein supplementation during concomitant resistance exercise training on muscle characteristics. Design A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to 15 May 2018. We included randomized controlled trials that assessed the effect of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle thigh cross-sectional area, muscle strength, gait speed, and chair-rise ability and performed random-effects meta-analyses. Results Data from 36 studies with 1682 participants showed no significant effects of protein supplementation on changes in lean body mass [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.11; 95% CI: −0.06, 0.28], handgrip strength (SMD: 0.58; 95% CI: −0.08, 1.24), lower extremity muscle strength (SMD: 0.03; 95% CI: −0.20, 0.27), gait speed (SMD: 0.41; 95% CI: −0.04, 0.85), or chair-rise ability (SMD: 0.10; 95%: CI −0.08, 0.28) compared with a control condition in nonfrail community-dwelling older adults. Moreover, no superior effects of protein supplementation were found during concomitant resistance exercise training on muscle characteristics. Conclusions Protein supplementation in nonfrail community-dwelling older adults does not lead to increases in lean body mass, muscle cross-sectional area, muscle strength, or physical performance compared with control conditions; nor does it exert superior effects when added to resistance exercise training. Habitual protein intakes of most study participants were already sufficient, and protein interventions differed in terms of type of protein, amount, and timing. Future research should clarify what specific protein supplementation protocol is beneficial for nonfrail community-dwelling older adults with low habitual protein intake.

scholarly journals Impact of Ketogenic Diet on Body Composition during Resistance Training among Untrained Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Maryam Hadizadeh ◽  
Wee Yet Gan ◽  
Hamidreza Mohafez ◽  
Yasuhiro Sugajima
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Resistance training (RT) has been established as the most efficient approach for lean body mass maintenance required for preserving a sufficiently high metabolism during weight loss. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of the ketogenic diet (KD) and regular diet (RE) in combination with 8-week resistance exercise (RT), on body weight, body fat mass (BFM), and lean body mass (LBM) of untrained individuals. Methods: Twenty untrained participants were randomly assigned to the RE+RT and KD+RT as control and experimental groups, respectively. Sixty to ninety minutes of diversified resistance exercise were performed by both groups, three sessions weekly, and diet was self-administered with a recommended daily energy and protein intakes. Body composition was measured using a Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer. One-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to analyze the data. Results: The results showed a greater post-intervention adjusted mean for body weight and LBM in the normal dietary group in comparison with the experimental group. After controlling for baseline measurements, there was a statistically significant difference in body weight (p < .0005) and BFM (p =.001) between groups. Conclusion: Resistance training along with a ketogenic diet may decrease BFM without notable changes in LBM, whilst RT on a normal diet might increase LBM without remarkably influencing BFM.

Novel Compound Boosts Function, Lean Body Mass in the Elderly

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (16) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
PATRICE WENDLING
Keyword(s):  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Elderly
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