scholarly journals The Effect of Criminal Records on Access to Employment

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Agan ◽  
Sonja Starr
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
York City ◽  
Crime Rate ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Crime Type ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Versus Property

This paper adds to the empirical evidence that criminal records are a barrier to employment. Using data from 2,655 online applications sent on behalf of fictitious male applicants, we show that employers are 60 percent more likely to call applicants that do not have a felony conviction. We further investigate whether this effect varies based on applicant race (black versus white), crime type (drug versus property crime), industry (restaurants versus retail), jurisdiction (New Jersey versus New York City), local crime rate, and local racial composition. Although magnitudes vary somewhat, in every subsample the conviction effect is large, significant, and negative.

The Impact of Customer Loyalty and Restaurant Sanitation Grades on Revisit Intention and the Importance of Narrative Information: The Case of New York Restaurant Sanitation Grading System

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Gyung Kim ◽  
Hyunjoo Yang ◽  
Anna S. Mattila
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
York City ◽  
Letter Grades ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Revisit Intentions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Loyal Customers

New York City launched a restaurant sanitation letter grade system in 2010. We evaluate the impact of customer loyalty on restaurant revisit intentions after exposure to a sanitation grade alone, and after exposure to a sanitation grade plus narrative information about sanitation violations (e.g., presence of rats). We use a 2 (loyalty: high or low) × 4 (sanitation grade: A, B, C, or pending) between-subjects full factorial design to test the hypotheses using data from 547 participants recruited from Amazon MTurk who reside in the New York City area. Our study yields three findings. First, loyal customers exhibit higher intentions to revisit restaurants than non-loyal customers, regardless of sanitation letter grades. Second, the difference in revisit intentions between loyal and non-loyal customers is higher when sanitation grades are poorer. Finally, loyal customers are less sensitive to narrative information about sanitation violations.

scholarly journals Do Tourists Tip More Than Local Consumers? Evidence from Taxi Rides in New York City

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 281-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir B. Ferreira Neto ◽  
Adam Nowak ◽  
Amanda Ross
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Taxi Service ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Tipping Behavior ◽  
The City

Given the resurgence of cities as consumer centers and the importance of amenities, we revisit the differences in tipping in taxis between tourists and locals in New York City. Taxi service is an endogenous service; however, taxis also contribute to the demand and provision of other amenities. We compare locals and tourists who are theatergoers to control for education and income, as these factors are likely to affect tipping behavior. Using data from the New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission on yellow taxis, we identify tourists as those trips leaving from or going to a hotel and theatergoers as trips where the drop-off or pickup is near Broadway within thirty minutes of the beginning or end of a show. We find that tourists and theatergoers tip more than locals and nontheatergoers, and tourists who are theatergoers tip even more. These differences between tourists and locals may affect the allocation of taxis throughout the city and hence the provision of other amenities.

Structural Equation Model of Customer Satisfaction for the New York City Subway System

2000 ◽  
Vol 1735 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Stuart ◽  
Marc Mednick ◽  
Johanna Bockman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
York City ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Subway System ◽  
Using Data

A more complex model in content and design than previously applied to the measurement of customer satisfaction within the transportation industry is used in this study. Drawing from the results of previous studies that had a narrower focus, a network of 10 potentially important factors that affect customer satisfaction within the New York City subway system was postulated and tested using data collected from a cross section of adult residents. Results indicate that several factors have a direct influence on satisfaction, whereas others have an effect through intermediary variables. Path coefficients for the posited model are statistically significant, although several factors have notably more impact than others. Using model diagnostics, minor revisions and improvements to the initial model have been made while adhering closely to the principles of the original theory. Future developments are discussed, as is the model’s application for planning and resource allocation.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization and Death in New York City Neighborhoods

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Anna Gu ◽  
Hira Shafeeq ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Preety Gadhoke
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
City Government ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
City Community ◽  
Greenwich Village ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Using Data

Background: A key to an effective Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Community Intervention is to understand populations who are most vulnerable to it. We aimed at evaluating characteristics of New York City communities where rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases were particularly high. Methods: The study outcomes - neighborhood-specific confirmed COVID-19 cases, positive tests, and COVID-19 attributable deaths were calculated using data extracted from the New York City government health website, which were linked to results from Community Health Survey. Distributions of study outcomes across New York City community districts and their associations with neighborhood characteristics were examined using Jonckheere-Terpstra tests. Results: As of May 21, 2010, rates of confirmed cases ranged from 0.8% (Greenwich Village and Soho) to 3.9% (Jackson Heights), and the rates of attributable death from to 0.6‰ (Greenwich Village and Soho) to 4.2‰ (Coney Island). Higher percentages of black, Hispanic and foreign-born populations, lower educational attainment, poverty, lack of health insurance, and suboptimal quality of health care were all factors found to be correlated with increased rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases.  Conclusions: The epidemiology of COVID-19 exhibited great variations among neighborhoods in New York City. Community interventions aimed at COVID-19 prevention and mitigation should place high priorities in areas with large populations of blacks and Hispanics and economically disadvantages areas.

Crews and Outside Influences

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Ewoodzie
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
York City ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Internal Logic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Important Form

Chapter 4 adds more empirical evidence about how new actors became part of the scene. More particularly, it explains how actors came together to form DJing and MCing crews, an important form of social organization in the nascent hip hop world. It shows that the number of members in each crew, the required skills and responsibilities of each member of the crew, the styles of their performance, the venues of shows, and attire all came to hold great significance for the internal logic of the emerging entity. Additionally, it examines external factors that shaped conventions. It investigates the significance of performance routines and fashion and the impact of the New York City blackout of 1977. Further, it discuss how the term “hip hop” itself became adopted as the name for the scene, something that, surprisingly, previous historians of hip hop have ignored.

Spotlight

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-207
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Internal Review ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Internal Review Board

The HUMAN Project was initiated in 2014 by the Kavli Foundation in partnership with New York University’s Institute for the Interdisciplinary Study of Decision Making. 1 Its goal was to collect vast amounts of data from a representative sample of 10,000 New York City residents in 4,000 households over 20 years. Lacking both internal review board approval and sustainable funding, the HUMAN Project was suspended in 2018. Nonetheless, the ambitious scope of the study and what it revealed about the possibilities for collecting and using data in the digital age are intriguing. It is possible that this type of model could eventually be revived, perhaps with additional privacy protections built in....

The Impact of Shelter Environment, Parental Communication, and Supervision on Depression Outcomes Among an Urban Sample of Adolescent First-Time Shelter Users in New York City

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 3075-3095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binta Alleyne-Green ◽  
Alex Kulick ◽  
Hadiza L. Osuji ◽  
Nisha Beharie ◽  
Yvette Sealy
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Parental Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Urban Sample ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Using data from the cross-sectional HIV prevention Outreach for Parents and Early Adolescents (HOPE) study, we explored the impact of shelter environment, quality parenting, as well as the effects of gender and first-time shelter use on depression outcomes among 243 adolescent shelter users in New York City. Results indicate comfort in the shelter environment, and higher rates of monitoring and supervision were associated with lower rates of depression. Girls residing in shelters for the first time reported highest rates of depression. Recommendations for future interventions with this population are discussed.

Unpacking Pretrial Detention: An Examination of Patterns and Predictors of Readmissions

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 663-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeok Kim ◽  
Preeti Chauhan ◽  
Olive Lu ◽  
Meredith Patten ◽  
Sandra Susan Smith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Binomial Model ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Pretrial Detention ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Pretrial detention makes up the majority of jail admissions, but little is known about this high-volume population. The current study fills this gap by examining the pretrial detention population in New York City and assesses their pretrial readmissions over a 10-year follow-up period. While the number of individuals detained pretrial has consistently decreased since 1995, the prevalence and the frequency of pretrial readmissions remain high: About 60% of the sample was readmitted at least once within 10 years and they were readmitted on average 3 times. A negative binomial model predicting readmission counts for felony and misdemeanor admissions found that males, non-Hispanic Blacks, and younger individuals were more frequently readmitted pretrial. Self-reported drug use and prior criminal records were associated with higher readmission counts. We also found that charge and discharge types predicted readmission counts. Findings suggest the importance of earlier intervention and developing targeted strategies to reduce further readmissions.

Being watched and being seen: Negotiating visibility in the NYC ride-hail circuit

2020 ◽  
pp. 146144482096675
Author(s):  
Sarah Mosseri
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Field Of Vision ◽  
Unpaid Labor ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Bear Witness

App-based, ride-hail drivers are a highly visible workforce, yet previous research has generally understood their visibility primarily in terms of surveillance. Using data from an ethnographic study of the New York City (NYC) ride-hail circuit, this article explores how drivers experience and negotiate their visibility. Findings reveal that constant monitoring on ride-hail apps feels oppressive to drivers, and it requires them to engage in significant unpaid labor in the form of reputation auditing. Nevertheless, drivers also find ways to “caption” surveillance outputs and thus shape their meanings. They engage in three strategies—juxtaposing existing metrics, expanding the field of vision, and requiring others to bear witness—to clarify, contextualize, and reclaim their visibility. The ability to reconfigure meanings of visibility, and specifically to navigate between the experience of being watched and that of being seen, represents an underexplored avenue of agency within studies of work surveillance.

Locational Strategy of Professional Hosts: Effect on Perceived Quality and Revenue Performance of Airbnb Listings

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Xie ◽  
Zhenxing (Eddie) Mao
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Using Data

Professional hosts usually invest in properties at various locations. Our study aims to investigate the effect of their locational strategy (clustering vs. diversification) on the perceived quality and revenue performance of each listing in their portfolio. Using data of Airbnb in New York City, we find that locational clustering drives the perceived quality but undermines the revenue performance of each listing, and these effects are further moderated by the size of the listing portfolio managed by a professional host. Implications for Airbnb investment using effective locational strategy are provided.

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