scholarly journals Do Low Levels of Blood Lead Reduce Children's Future Test Scores?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Aizer ◽  
Janet Currie ◽  
Peter Simon ◽  
Patrick Vivier
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
First Time

We construct a unique individual-level dataset linking preschool blood lead levels with third grade test scores for Rhode Island children born 1997–2005. Using two identification strategies, we show for the first time that reductions of lead from even historically low levels have significant positive effects. A one-unit decrease in average blood lead levels reduces the probability of being substantially below proficient in reading (math) by 0.96 (0.79) percentage points on a baseline of 12 (16) percent. Since disadvantaged children have greater exposure to lead, lead poisoning may be one of the causes of continuing disparities in test scores. (JEL I12, I14, I18, I21, I24, J13)

scholarly journals Blood Lead Levels of Refugee Children in Rhode Island

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey Ginaitt
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Cdc Guidelines ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
The U.S

Lead and its harmful effects on children have been known for over one hundred years. Yet exposure continues to be a public health concern within the U.S., specifically in the urban areas (Lidsky & Schneider, 2003). Blood lead levels (BLL) were found to be elevated in 11.3% of recent refugees children within the U.S. (Hebbar, Vanderslice, Simon, & Vallejo, 2010). Currently, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that approximately half a million children between the ages of one to five years have a blood lead level above 5μ/deciliter (CDC, 2017). Lead is neurotoxic and young children are at a particularly high risk of exposure. Many studies indicate that adverse outcomes in intellectual functioning and social-behavioral conduct. It is not clear if long-term effects develop at concentrations below 10 μg per deciliter (Canfield et al., 2003). Minimal research done to evaluate the implementation of the CDC guidelines on blood level screening of refugee children that are newly arrived into the U.S. (Raymond et al., 2012). This project analyzed the health records of refugee children who settled in Rhode Island and were receiving care in the refugee clinic within a large academic medical center. Records were reviewed for adherence to Center for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines regarding BLL in refugee children.

Blood lead levels in patients with lead shot retained in the appendix

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. T. Madsen ◽  
T. Skjødt ◽  
P. J. Jørgensen ◽  
P. Grandjean
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead ◽  
Lead Shot ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Lead Levels

Bone and Blood Lead Levels of Middle Aged Koreans not Occupationally Exposed to Lead

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Soo Kim ◽  
Sung Woo Choi ◽  
Jin Ho Kim ◽  
Jung O Ham ◽  
Hae Yoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Lead Levels

scholarly journals The correlation between uremic pruritus and blood lead levels in prevalent hemodialysis patients and its relation to the severity of pruritus using visual analog score

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Mahmoud Shawky ◽  
Reeham Abdel Aziz Abdel Hamid ◽  
Lina Essam Khedr
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Visual Analog Score ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uremic Pruritus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background Pruritus is a common and often distressing symptom in patients with chronic kidney disease. Though the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus remains poorly understood, systemic inflammation has presented itself as one of the possible explanations. High blood lead levels (BLLs) have been noted to be associated with inflammation and poor nutritional status in hemodialysis patients. Our aim is to study the relation between blood lead levels and uremic pruritus. This is a cross-sectional study that enrolled 50 patients; all were on regular hemodialysis 3 times per week for at least 6 months. Patients were divided into 2 groups, group 1 (n =10) with no pruritus and group 2 (n=40) with varying degrees of pruritus. Group 2 was further divided according to intensity of pruritus by visual analog score (VAS) into mild (n=10), moderate (n=20), and severe pruritus (n=10). Results There was a significant difference in serum lead levels and ferritin levels between groups 1 and 2 (p value < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively). There was a statistically significant difference in serum lead levels in the groups with varying intensity of pruritus, having higher serum lead levels in patients who exhibited severe pruritus (p value < 0.005) Moreover, a statistically significant relation between elevated blood lead levels and the duration of dialysis was observed in this study. Conclusion Uremic pruritus is a multi-factorial phenomenon, and our study showed that blood lead levels in hemodialysis patients might be associated with increased intensity of pruritus.

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