Vaginal impedance measurement used for mating in the guinea-pig

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bartoš ◽  
J. Sedlàček
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Vaginal Mucous Membrane

A method for determining the phase of the oestrous cycle by measuring the electrical impedance of the vaginal mucous membrane was examined in the guinea-pig. The apparatus consisted of silver ring electrodes attached to a plastic rod and connected to a transistor indicator. A cyclic increase in impedance was found, and significantly higher values were recorded during the phase of increase (proestrus) than at other times of the cycle. By determining this peak the right time for pairing can be chosen. Conversely, the disappearance of this cyclic culmination in impedance pointed to early pregnancy with a high degree of reliability.

Functional and autoradiographic characterization of dopamine D2-like receptors in the guinea pig heart

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de Jesús Gómez ◽  
Guy Rousseau ◽  
Réginald Nadeau ◽  
Roberto Berra ◽  
Gonzalo Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Negative Inotropic Effect ◽  
Cyclase Activity ◽  
Inotropic Effect ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Guinea Pig Heart ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Right

Dopamine receptors include the D1- (D1 and D5 subtypes) and D2-like (D2, D3, and D4 subtypes) families. D1-like receptors are positively and D2-like receptors negatively coupled to the adenylyl cyclase. Dopamine D2-like (D4 subtype) receptors have been identified in human and rat hearts. However the presence of D2 and D3 receptor subtypes is unclear. Furthermore, their role in cardiac functions is unknown. By autoradiographic studies of guinea pig hearts, we identified D3 and D4 receptors, using the selective radioligands [3H]-7-OH-DPAT and [3H]emonapride (YM-09151-2 plus raclopride). Western blot analysis confirmed D3 and D4 receptors in the right and left ventricle of the same species. Selective agonists of D3 and D4 receptors (±)-7-OH-DPAT and PD 168 077 (10–9 to 10–5 M, respectively) induced a significant negative chronotropic and inotropic effect in the isolated guinea pig heart preparation. Negative inotropic effect induced by PD 168 077 was associated with an inhibition in cyclase activity. No changes in cyclase activity were found with (±)-7-OH-DPAT. The aim of this study is to support the presence of D3 and D4 receptors in the heart. Although our results suggest that D3 and D4 receptors are functionally active in the heart, we need additional information with an antagonist and an agonist of improved potency and selectivity to understand the respective roles of D3 and D4 receptors in the cardiac functions.Key words: Dopamine receptors (D2, D3, D4 subtypes), autoradiography, Western blot, cAMP, heart.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Th Profile of the Bovine Endometrium during the Oestrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e75571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian J. Oliveira ◽  
Nadéra Mansourri-Attia ◽  
Alan G. Fahey ◽  
John Browne ◽  
Niamh Forde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Oestrous Cycle

scholarly journals Local relaxin biosynthesis in the ovary and uterus through the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the female marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1325-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Einspanier ◽  
M. R. Zarreh-Hoshyari-Khah ◽  
M. Balvers ◽  
L. Kerr ◽  
K. Fuhrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Callithrix Jacchus ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Marmoset Monkey

scholarly journals Expression of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chains in endometrium of cyclic and pregnant gilts

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 621-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Geisert ◽  
MD Ashworth ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Serine Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Formation Of Complexes

Attachment of the placenta to the uterus in pigs involves extracellular interaction between the expanding trophoblastic membrane and the thick glycocalyx present on the uterine epithelial microvilli. Formation of complexes between members of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor family may function in the maintenance of the extracellular matrix. This study investigated the change in the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chains (ITIH1, ITIH2, ITIH3 and ITIH4) during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in pigs. Gene expression of ITIH1, ITIH2, ITIH3 and ITIH4 was detected in the endometrium of cyclic and pregnant gilts; however, gene expression of ITIH was not altered throughout the oestrous cycle or early pregnancy. Western blot analysis with an ITIH antiserum identified the possible linkage forms of ITIH with the serine protease inhibitor, bikunin. Pregnancy altered the release of the various inter-alpha-inhibitor forms from the endometrium during the period of trophoblastic attachment. The results from this study indicate that the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor family plays an important role in maintenance of the uterine surface glycocalyx during placental attachment in pigs.

scholarly journals Challenges and Controversies in the Genetic Diagnosis of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Saputra ◽  
Kishore Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias ◽  
Gene Testing ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gene Panels ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Purpose of Review The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of disorders characterised by progressive lower limb weakness and spasticity. We address the challenges and controversies involved in the genetic diagnosis of HSP. Recent Findings There is a large and rapidly expanding list of genes implicated in HSP, making it difficult to keep gene testing panels updated. There is also a high degree of phenotypic overlap between HSP and other disorders, leading to problems in choosing the right panel to analyse. We discuss genetic testing strategies for overcoming these diagnostic hurdles, including the use of targeted sequencing gene panels, whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing. Personalised treatments for HSP are on the horizon, and a genetic diagnosis may hold the key to access these treatments. Summary Developing strategies to overcome the challenges and controversies in HSP may hold the key to a rapid and accurate genetic diagnosis.

The Right to Repair Goods in the Era of Digitalization and Globalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
P. L. Likhter
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Warranty Period ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree

Today, large companies are increasingly using controversial strategies related to the violation of the buyer’s rights to repair the goods both during and after the expiration of the warranty period. This is primarily manifested in the restriction of access to the necessary information on the product repairing, hindering the work of independent service organizations, intentional complication of parts during their design, unreasonably high degree of integration of units, lack of a sufficient number of spare parts on the market, etc. As a rule, such actions distort the principles of integrity and transparency, which, in turn, entails risks to consumer and environmental safety. This issue is of particular relevance in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, when sellers of medical equipment restrict the possibility of its restoration by independent specialists, and also prevent the distribution of the necessary software. Based on the results of the work, it is concluded that it is advisable to establish boundaries for the conduct of market participants to stimulate the production of durable and maintainable goods in order to transit to a circular economy.

PATHOHISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PIGS WITH MYCOPLASMOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Kolych ◽  
◽  
N. V. Hudz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alveolar Wall ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Diffuse Infiltration ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Perivascular Edema ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Dark Pink

A pathological autopsy was performed on 6 corpses of piglets in the first week of life who died from mycoplasmosis. Examination of the visible mucous membranes revealed hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and thymus. Simultaneous lesions of the pharyngeal, parotid, cervical, mandibular lymph nodes were noted. They were slightly enlarged, from dark pink to dark red. The heart is irregularly shaped due to the expansion of the right ventricle or the diffuse expansion of all departments. Lungs have doughy consistency, uneven color. In some cases, there are diffuse red areas covering the entire lobe of the lungs, in other cases, there is a defeat of small areas. The liver has a smooth surface, soft or pasty consistency, the parenchyma pattern is slightly smoothed in section. The color of the liver is different: dark red areas, without clear boundaries turn into creamy-clay. Flatulence was a characteristic feature of the stomach and intestines. Catarrhal enteritis was registered in animals, which manifested itself in the form of moderate hyperemia of the intestinal mucosa and serous membranes. Microscopically, there is a significant blood supply to the vessels in the lungs. Alveoli are half fall down, in the form of slit-like lumens. In areas of tissue infiltration by inflammatory infiltrate, the alveolar wall is thickened, alveocytes are in a state of turbid swelling and vacuolar dystrophy, they are impregnated with erythrocytes. Peribronchial pneumonia of lymphocytic character is observed. The liver is in a state of acute venous hyperemia. The central and intraparticle capillaries are sharply dilated and filled with blood in some lobes, and the hepatic beams are compressed accordingly. In the center of other lobes, diffuse infiltration of liver tissue by erythrocytes as a consequence of diapedesis is noted. Hepatocytes are in a state of granular dystrophy. Destructive changes are strongly expressed in the mucous membrane of the small intestine: desquamation of the epithelium, necrosis of epitheliocytes and villi, destruction of crypts. In the brain tissue, there is dilation of the lumens of large and small blood vessels, extracellular and perivascular edema, areas of reactive necrosis.

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