PATHOHISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PIGS WITH MYCOPLASMOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Kolych ◽  
◽  
N. V. Hudz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alveolar Wall ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Diffuse Infiltration ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Perivascular Edema ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Dark Pink

A pathological autopsy was performed on 6 corpses of piglets in the first week of life who died from mycoplasmosis. Examination of the visible mucous membranes revealed hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and thymus. Simultaneous lesions of the pharyngeal, parotid, cervical, mandibular lymph nodes were noted. They were slightly enlarged, from dark pink to dark red. The heart is irregularly shaped due to the expansion of the right ventricle or the diffuse expansion of all departments. Lungs have doughy consistency, uneven color. In some cases, there are diffuse red areas covering the entire lobe of the lungs, in other cases, there is a defeat of small areas. The liver has a smooth surface, soft or pasty consistency, the parenchyma pattern is slightly smoothed in section. The color of the liver is different: dark red areas, without clear boundaries turn into creamy-clay. Flatulence was a characteristic feature of the stomach and intestines. Catarrhal enteritis was registered in animals, which manifested itself in the form of moderate hyperemia of the intestinal mucosa and serous membranes. Microscopically, there is a significant blood supply to the vessels in the lungs. Alveoli are half fall down, in the form of slit-like lumens. In areas of tissue infiltration by inflammatory infiltrate, the alveolar wall is thickened, alveocytes are in a state of turbid swelling and vacuolar dystrophy, they are impregnated with erythrocytes. Peribronchial pneumonia of lymphocytic character is observed. The liver is in a state of acute venous hyperemia. The central and intraparticle capillaries are sharply dilated and filled with blood in some lobes, and the hepatic beams are compressed accordingly. In the center of other lobes, diffuse infiltration of liver tissue by erythrocytes as a consequence of diapedesis is noted. Hepatocytes are in a state of granular dystrophy. Destructive changes are strongly expressed in the mucous membrane of the small intestine: desquamation of the epithelium, necrosis of epitheliocytes and villi, destruction of crypts. In the brain tissue, there is dilation of the lumens of large and small blood vessels, extracellular and perivascular edema, areas of reactive necrosis.

scholarly journals Atypical Clinical and Serological Manifestation of Pemphigus Vegetans: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Mergler ◽  
Andreas Kerstan ◽  
Enno Schmidt ◽  
Matthias Goebeler ◽  
Sandrine Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Unusual Manifestation ◽  
Anglophone Literature ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pemphigus Vegetans

Pemphigus vegetans (PVeg) is a rare variant of pemphigus vulgaris characterized by pustules and/or papillomatous vegetations, preferentially affecting intertriginous and periorificial areas. Exceptional manifestations may be misdiagnosed resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosis is confirmed by immunofluorescence and detection of anti-desmoglein (Dsg) 3 and/or anti-Dsg1 antibodies. We herein report an unusual manifestation of PVeg. At the time of first presentation, lesions were restricted to the right ring finger’s tip. Although mucous membranes were initially not affected, high levels of anti-Dsg3 antibodies were detected while anti-Dsg1 and anti-desmocollin (Dsc) 1, 2, and 3 antibodies were absent. To compare our immunological findings with previous reports, all accessible Anglophone literature published since December 1988 was evaluated. We identified 52 patients suffering from PVeg, 7 of these showed anti-Dsg3 antibodies without any mucous membrane involvement. Notably, the detection of anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 antibodies does not necessarily correlate with the involvement of skin and/or mucous membranes. This might be due to more specific and complex antibody constellations in nonclassical or atypical pemphigus.

Sturge-Weber Syndrome

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venita Jay
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Port Wine ◽  
Difficult Question ◽  
Probable Relationship ◽  
Weber Syndrome ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Sturge Weber Syndrome ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

I have no intention of going into the difficult question of the pathology of port-wine mark. The point to which I wish to call particular attention is the probable relationship between the mark and the fits …. From the nature of the fits, and from their mode of onset, I think there can be no doubt that they are due to some cause external to the nerve-tissue … and this external cause is in all probability to be found in the presence of a “port-wine mark” on the surface of the right side of the brain, just as we have found it in the skin, mucous membranes, and retina of that side. William Allen Sturge, 1879

The brain structure and neurosecretory cells of noctuid moth Anadevidia peponis: Noctuidae

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Ogawa ◽  
M. Sasaki ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Clock ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
The Right ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
The Brain

A virgin female of the noctuid moth, a kind of noctuidae that eats cucumis, etc. performs calling at a fixed time of each day, depending on the length of a day. The photoreceptors that induce this calling are located around the neurosecretory cells (NSC) in the central portion of the protocerebrum. Besides, it is considered that the female’s biological clock is located also in the cerebral lobe. In order to elucidate the calling and the function of the biological clock, it is necessary to clarify the basic structure of the brain. The observation results of 12 or 30 day-old noctuid moths showed that their brains are basically composed of an outer and an inner portion-neural lamella (about 2.5 μm) of collagen fibril and perineurium cells. Furthermore, nerve cells surround the cerebral lobes, in which NSCs, mushroom bodies, and central nerve cells, etc. are observed. The NSCs are large-sized (20 to 30 μm dia.) cells, which are located in the pons intercerebralis of the head section and at the rear of the mushroom body (two each on the right and left). Furthermore, the cells were classified into two types: one having many free ribosoms 15 to 20 nm in dia. and the other having granules 150 to 350 nm in dia. (Fig. 1).

ASSESSMENT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE TRIGEMINAL AND COCHLEOVESTIBULAR SYSTEMS IN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT PAIN DYSFUNCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-120
Author(s):  
N.D. Sorokina ◽  
◽  
L.R. Shahalieva ◽  
S.S. Pertsov ◽  
L.V. Polma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Autonomous Nervous System ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Distal Occlusion ◽  
The Brain

One of the most common causes of chronic pain in the facial region, including in the trigeminal nerve link, which is not associated with dental diseases, is pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. At the same time, there is evidence in the literature that there are relationships between pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, abnormal occlusion, cervical-muscular tonic phenomena, postural disorders, dysfunction of the Autonomous nervous system and cochleovestibular manifestations. At the same time, neurophysiological indicators of functional disorders in the maxillofacial region and intersystem interactions in pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint are insufficiently studied.Goal. The aim of the work is to evaluate the neurophysiological features of trigeminal afferentation in terms of trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials (TSWP) and the auditory conducting system of the brain in terms of acoustic stem evoked potentials (ASVP) in distal occlusion of the dentition with pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in comparison with physiological occlusion in students 18-21 years old. Material and methods. The main study included 41 students with distal occlusion (21 girls and 20 boys), (grade II Engl, symmetrically right and left in 14 people, and grade II Engl on the left and grade I on the right in 12 people, grade I on the left and grade II on the right in 15 people). All respondents with distal occlusion and who were practically healthy signed an informed consent to participate in the study. We used complex orthodontic methods of examination, subjective degree of severity and intensity of pain in the TMJ, assessment of the Autonomous nervous system (samples and tests), and neurophysiological methods for assessing TSVP and ASVP. Results. Significant differences in ASEP parameters were found in the group of respondents with distal occlusion in the form of a decrease in the latency period of peak I, III, and V compared to physiological occlusion, that correlated with the subjective assessment (in points) of cochleovestibular disorders. According to the TSVP study, a decrease in the duration of latent periods was found, which indicates an increased excitability of non-specific brain stem structures at the medullo-ponto-mesencephalic level compared to the control group. Conclusions. The results obtained are supposed to be used for differential diagnostics, including such dental diseases as TMJ pain dysfunction, occlusion abnormalities accompanied by pain syndrome. Additional functional diagnostics of multi-modal VP of the brain (acoustic evoked potentials, trigeminal evoked potentials) can be performed in conjunction with indicators of autonomic nervous system dysfunction, with parameters of severity of clinical symptoms of cochleovestibular disorders, musculoskeletal dysfunction the maxillofacial area, with indicators of pain, which will determine the tactics and effectiveness of subsequent treatment.

scholarly journals RONC-26. A CASE OF RADIATION NECROSIS OF THE CEREBELLUM 16 YEARS AFTER CHEMORADIOTHERAPY FOR MEDULLOBLASTOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii460-iii460
Author(s):  
Mayuko Miyata ◽  
Masahiro Nonaka ◽  
Akio Asai
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Secondary Cancer ◽  
Brain Necrosis ◽  
Cerebellar Medulloblastoma ◽  
Cerebellar Peduncle ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Abstract BACKGROUND If new lesions are observed during follow-up of the malignant tumor after treatment, it is difficult to distinguish whether the tumor is a recurrent lesion, secondary cancer, or radiation necrosis of the brain. We have encountered a patient with symptomatic radiation necrosis of the cerebellum 16 years after treatment of medulloblastoma. CASE PRESENTATION: A 24-year-old man who had received a tumor resection and chemoradiotherapy for cerebellar medulloblastoma at the age of 8 presented with dizziness. For the past 16 years, there was no recurrence of the tumor. He subsequently underwent MRI scan, and T1-Gd image showed enhanced lesion in the right cerebellar peduncle. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology analysis was negative for tumor. We suspected tumor reccurence or secondary cancer, and performed lesion biopsy. The result of the pathological examination was radiation necrosis of the cerebellum. DISCUSSION: The interval of radiation necrosis of the brain and radiotherapy can vary from months to more than 10 years. So, whenever a new lesion is identified, radiation brain necrosis must be envisioned. According to guidelines in Japan, there is no absolute examination for discriminating tumor recurrence from radiation brain necrosis and diagnosis by biopsy may be required. CONCLUSION We experienced a case of symptomatic radiation necrosis of the cerebellum 16 years after treatment. In patients showing new lesion after long periods of time, the possibility of radiation necrosis to be considered.

scholarly journals Acute exudative polymorphous paraneoplastic vitelliform maculopathy (AEPPVM) associated with choroidal melanoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aluisio Rosa Gameiro Filho ◽  
Guilherme Sturzeneker ◽  
Ever Ernesto Caso Rodriguez ◽  
André Maia ◽  
Melina Correia Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Choroidal Melanoma ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Pancreatic Metastasis ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background To report a case of acute exudative polymorphous paraneoplastic vitelliform maculopathy in a patient with a history of choroidal melanoma, with metastases to the pancreas, liver, and central nervous system. Case presentation A 63-year-old patient, with a history of enucleation of the right eye due to choroidal melanoma, complained of progressive visual loss during a follow-up visit. Fundoscopic examination revealed multiple small areas of serous retinal detachment scattered throughout the posterior pole and ancillary tests confirmed the diagnosis of acute exudative polymorphous paraneoplastic vitelliform maculopathy (AEPPVM). Screening for systemic metastases showed pancreatic, hepatic, and central nervous system involvement. Conclusions We describe a rare case of acute exudative polymorphous paraneoplastic vitelliform maculopathy, which should be considered in patients with or without a history of melanoma, who have vitelliform retinal detachments. Nevertheless, no previous reviews of literature have shown a correlation between AEPPVM and pancreatic metastasis.

Neurospect Findings in Patients Exposed to Neurotoxic Chemicals

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 561-571
Author(s):  
Gunnar Heuser ◽  
Ismael Mena ◽  
Francisca Alamos
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Exposures to neurotoxic chemicals such as pesticides, glues, solvents, etc. are known to induce neurologic and psychiatric symptomatology. We report on 41 patients 16 young patients (6 males, 10 females, age 34 8 yrs.) and 25 elderly patients (9 males, 16 females, age 55 7 yrs). Fifteen of them were exposed to pesticides, and 29 to solvents. They were studied with quantitative and qualitative analysis of regional cerebral bood flow (rCBF), performed with 30 mCi of Xe-133 by inhalation, followed by 30 mCi of Tc-HMPAO given intravenously. Imaging was performed with a brain dedicated system, distribution of rCBF was assessed with automatic ROI definition, and HMPAO was normalized to maximal pixel activity in the brain. Results of Xe rCBF are expressed as mean and S.D. in ml/min/100g, and HMPAO as mean and S.D. uptake per ROI, and compared with age-matched controls 10 young and 20 elderly individuals. Neurotoxics HMPAO Uptake Young Elderly R. Orbital frontal R. Dorsal frontal .70 .66 p < 0.05 R. Temporal .64 p < 0.001 R. Parietal .66 .66 We conclude that patients exposed to chemicals present with diminished CBF, worse in the right hemisphere, with random presentation of areas of hypoperfusion, more prevalent in the dorsal frontal and parietal lobes. These findings are significantly different from observations in patients with chronic fatigue and depression, suggesting primary cortical effect, possibly due to a vasculitis process.

Choroidal metastases: case report and review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Victor Duque ◽  
Carolina de la Pinta ◽  
Ciriaco Corral ◽  
Carmen Vallejo ◽  
Margarita Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
External Beam Radiotherapy ◽  
Choroidal Metastasis ◽  
Good Visual Acuity ◽  
Good Local Control ◽  
Radiological Response ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Introduction: Choroidal metastases are the most frequent intraocular secondary tumours, with a prevalence of 2–7% according to the literature. Our aim was to review a clinical case of choroidal metastasis. We present a case of a 63-year-old male patient diagnosed in 2018 with lung adenocarcinoma cT4N0M1. The patient had three metastases in the brain, which were successfully treated with radiosurgery (RS). The patient was treated with chemotherapy with pemetrexed–cisplatin schedule. Five months after diagnosis, the patient presented with decreased vision in the right eye. After ophthalmologic evaluation, he was diagnosed with a right choroidal metastasis, which was treated with external beam radiotherapy with 20 Gy in five fractions, resulting in improved visual acuity and a complete clinical and radiological response. The patient took part in a clinical trial that continued with systemic chemotherapy. Twenty-two months after radiotherapy to the eye, the patient has good visual acuity without any side effects. Conclusions: Choroidal metastasis treated with radiotherapy achieves good local control, with limited side effects, allowing an improvement in visual acuity and consequently, an improvement in the patient´s quality of life.

scholarly journals Non-Stationary Model of Cerebral Oxygen Transport with Unknown Sources

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Andrey Kovtanyuk ◽  
Alexander Chebotarev ◽  
Varvara Turova ◽  
Irina Sidorenko ◽  
Renée Lampe
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Stationary Model ◽  
Average Oxygen Concentration ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

An inverse problem for a system of equations modeling oxygen transport in the brain is studied. The problem consists of finding the right-hand side of the equation for the blood oxygen transport, which is a linear combination of given functionals describing the average oxygen concentration in the neighborhoods of the ends of arterioles and venules. The overdetermination condition is determined by the values of these functionals evaluated on the solution. The unique solvability of the problem is proven without any smallness assumptions on the model parameters.

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