scholarly journals HIV risk behaviour among psychiatric inpatients: results from a hospital-wide screening study in southern India

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabha S Chandra ◽  
Michael P Carey ◽  
Kate B Carey ◽  
P S D V Prasada Rao ◽  
K R Jairam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Risky Behaviour

The study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and correlates of sexual risk behaviour among psychiatric inpatients in India. Consecutive inpatients ( n = 618) were assessed using a structured interview and standardized measures. Women were more likely to be sexually active (50%) than men (36%), but equally likely (6% vs 5%) to engage in risky behaviour. Common risk behaviours included having a risky partner, having multiple partners, and exchanging money for sex. Being sexually active was associated with younger age, being married, being diagnosed with a disorder other than schizophrenia, and a history of drug use problems. Engaging in risky sexual behaviour was associated with being male, using tobacco and screening positive for either drug use or alcohol problems. Screening psychiatric patients for HIV risk behaviour can identify those who may benefit from risk reduction programmes.

scholarly journals Findings from within-subjects comparisons of drug use and sexual risk behaviour in men who have sex with men in England

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Melendez-Torres ◽  
Ford Hickson ◽  
David Reid ◽  
Peter Weatherburn ◽  
Chris Bonell
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Sex With Men

Epidemiological evidence for the encounter-level association between sexualised drug use and unprotected anal intercourse in men who have sex with men is unclear and has not examined men who have sex with men in England. To estimate this association, we compared dyadic sexual encounters within respondents. We used encounter-level data from a longitudinal online survey of men who have sex with men living in England and multilevel models to test univariate and multivariate associations between any respondent or partner drug use, specific respondent drug use, additional situational characteristics and unprotected anal intercourse. Based on 6742 encounters from 2142 men who have sex with men, respondent drug use and respondent use of certain specific drugs were associated with increased unprotected anal intercourse odds. In univariate models, partner drug use was associated with increased unprotected anal intercourse odds, but in multivariate models, only non-specific knowledge of partner drug use was associated with the same. Encounters with non-regular-and-steady partners or that were not HIV-seroconcordant were associated with decreased unprotected anal intercourse odds. This is the first within-subjects comparison of drug use and unprotected anal intercourse conducted on a sample from England, and the largest of its kind. Findings are consistent with other studies, though associations between drug use and unprotected anal intercourse are shaped by social contexts that may change over time.

HIV infection in psychiatric patients: An unlinked anonymous study

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Ayuso-Mateos ◽  
Francisco Montañés ◽  
Ismael Lastra ◽  
Juan J. Picazo De La Garza ◽  
José L. Ayuso-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Blood Specimens

BackgroundRecent surveys suggest that psychiatric patients are at increased risk of being infected with HIV, although very little information is available concerning the seroprevalence of HIV infection among this population outside the US. The aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of HIV-I among patients admitted to a psychiatric in-patient unit and to gather linked anonymous risk-factor information.MethodAn unlinked serosurvey was made, using HIV-1 antibody testing of remnant blood specimens collected for routine medical purposes, of patients consecutively admitted to an acute psychiatric unit in Madrid.ResultsBlood was obtained from 390 of the 477 eligible patients (81.8%). The prevalence of HIV was 5.1% (20/390). Patients aged between 18 and 39 accounted for 63.4% of the admissions and 75% of the positive results. Of the 29 patients who presented with injecting drug use, 14 were HIV-infected (48.3%; 95% CI 29.4 67.5). Of the 51 patients for whom any risk behaviour was noted on the admission chart, 18 were HIV-infected (35.3%; 95% CI 22.4 49.9).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that there is a substantial prevalence of HIV infection in psychiatric patients admitted to an acute in-patient unit. History of injecting drug use was strongly associated with seropositivity. Clinicians recognised risk factors for HIV infection in the majority of the HIV-infected cases.

scholarly journals Correlations between drug use, HIV disclosure and interpersonal communication on sexual risk behaviour of HIV-positive men who have sex with men

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (S13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lussy Afriyanti ◽  
Agung Waluyo ◽  
Sri Yona
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour

Abstract Background The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic is a global health problem whose number of cases are always higher among men who have sex with men (MSM). Most existing MSM have moderate and very high risk behaviour in HIV transmission. This study was designed to identify correlations between drug use, HIV disclosure and interpersonal communication patterns on sexual risk behaviour among HIV-positive MSM. Methods This study used a cross sectional design with a purposive sampling technique for participants who visited the voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) clinic in a referral hospital and snowball sampling technique for participants in the work area of a community health centre in Batam involving 126 HIV-positive MSM. Data were collected by 5 part questionnaire, namely demographic questionnaire, drug screening questionnaire, brief scale for HIV self disclosure, communication pattern questionnaire-short form, and safe sex behaviour questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was applied to determine whether there is a relationship between drug use, HIV disclosure, interpersonal communication and demographic characteristics (ethnicity, educational status) with sexual risk behaviour of MSM. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the variables that most associated variable to sexual risk behaviour. The results The results showed that there was significant correlation between HIV disclosure and sexual risk behaviour (p = 0.019, α = 0.05, OR = 2.530) and significant correlation between interpersonal communication patterns and sexual risk behaviour (p = 0.016, α = 0.05, OR = 2.589). There is no significant correlation between demographic characteristics, namely: ethnicity and educational status with sexual behaviour at risk of MSM. In multiple logistic regression analysis, educational status was the factor that most associated with sexual risk behaviour among HIV-positive MSM (p = 0.027, α = 0.05, OR = 2.807, 95% CI = 1.125–7.006). Conclusions HIV disclosure and interpersonal communication patterns have a significant negative correlation with sexual risk behaviour among HIV-positive MSM. MSM with low HIV disclosure have high risk sexual behaviour opportunities. MSM with the closed interpersonal communication pattern also has a high risk of sexual behaviour. Education status was the most associated variable to sexual risk behaviour of HIV-positive MSM. Nurses as professional health workers need to improve comprehensive assessment, personal counselling and plan specific learning model by involving HIV-positive MSM in reducing HIV transmission from risky behaviour.

scholarly journals Using marijuana, drinking alcohol or a combination of both: the association of marijuana, alcohol and sexual risk behaviour among adolescents

Sexual Health ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik D. Storholm ◽  
Brett A. Ewing ◽  
Stephanie Brooks Holliday ◽  
Bradley D. Stein ◽  
Lisa S. Meredith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours

Background Although the association between alcohol use and sexual risk behaviour has been well-documented, there is little understanding of whether marijuana use alone or combining marijuana with alcohol use contributes to sexual risk behaviour among adolescents. Methods: A diverse sample of sexually active adolescents (n = 616) aged 12–18 years (50.32% Hispanic; 31.17% Black) completed a survey on alcohol use, marijuana use and sexual risk behaviour during a visit to a primary care clinic. Results: Adolescents were more likely to report having had two or more sexual partners in the past 3 months if they reported using both alcohol and marijuana (OR = 3.90, P < 0.0001), alcohol alone (OR = 2.51, P < 0.0001) or marijuana alone (OR = 1.89, P < 0.001) compared with adolescents who reported no use during the past month. Adolescents were more likely to report having both two or more partners and condomless sex if they used both alcohol and marijuana (OR = 3.19, P < 0.001) or alcohol alone (OR = 3.41, P < 0.01) in the past month compared with adolescents who reported using marijuana alone or had no use of either. Conclusions: Providers should screen for both alcohol and marijuana use among adolescents and discuss how use of alcohol or alcohol in conjunction with marijuana may be associated with sexual risk behaviours.

scholarly journals Characterising HIV transmission risk among US patients with HIV in care: a cross-sectional study of sexual risk behaviour among individuals with viral load above 1500 copies/mL

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Stirratt ◽  
Gary Marks ◽  
Christine O’Daniels ◽  
Edward R Cachay ◽  
Meg Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Viral Loads

ObjectivesViral load and sexual risk behaviour contribute to HIV transmission risk. High HIV viral loads present greater transmission risk than transient viral ‘blips’ above an undetectable level. This paper therefore characterises sexual risk behaviour among patients with HIV in care with viral loads>1500 copies/mL and associated demographic characteristics.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at six HIV outpatient clinics in USA. The study sample comprises 1315 patients with HIV with a recent viral load >1500 copies/mL. This study sample was drawn from a larger sample of individuals with a recent viral load >1000 copies/mL who completed a computer-assisted self-interview (CASI) regarding sexual risk practices in the last 2 months. The study sample was 32% heterosexual men, 38% men who have sex with men (MSM) and 30% women.ResultsNinety per cent of the sample had their viral load assay within 60 days of the CASI. Thirty-seven per cent reported being sexually active (vaginal or anal intercourse) in the last 2 months. Most of the sexually active participants reported always using condoms (56.9%) or limiting condomless sex to seroconcordant partners (serosorting; 29.2% overall and 42.9% among MSM). Among sexually active participants who reported condomless anal or vaginal sex with an at-risk partner (14%), most had viral loads>10 000 copies/mL (62%).ConclusionsA relatively small number of patients with HIV in care with viral loads above 1500 copies/mL reported concurrent sexual transmission risk behaviours. Most of the individuals in this small group had markedly elevated viral loads, increasing the probability of transmission. Directing interventions to patients in care with high viral loads and concurrent risk behaviour could strengthen HIV prevention and reduce HIV infections.Trial registration numberNCT02044484, completed.

HIV-risk behaviour and knowledge about HIV/AIDS among patients with schizophrenia

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. GRASSI ◽  
M. PAVANATI ◽  
R. CARDELLI ◽  
S. FERRI ◽  
L. PERON
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background. Recent literature has demonstrated that psychiatric patients, particularly those with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, may be at high risk for HIV infection. In fact, HIV-risk behaviour, such as intravenous drug with sharing needles, promiscuity associated with unprotected sex and high-risk sexual activity after using drugs has been reported by a substantial proportion of mentally ill patients.Methods. In order to examine this problem in Italy, HIV-risk taking behaviour and knowledge about HIV/AIDS was investigated among 91 schizophrenic patients by using two self-report questionnaires (HIV-Risk Behaviour Questionnaire; AIDS-Risk Behaviour Knowledge Test).Results. One-third of the patients reported having been tested for HIV infection and one tested seropositive (prevalence 3·4%). A high proportion of patients reported HIV-risk behaviour, such as injected drugs use (22·4%) and engaging in high risk sexual activity (e.g. multiple partners, 58%; prostitutes, 45%; occasional partners, 37%). Condoms were ‘never used’ by 41% of the patients and ‘almost never used’ by another 25%. In spite of these behaviours, 65% reported no concern of HIV infection. Knowledge about AIDS was lower among psychiatric patients than a healthy control group. Patients with long-lasting illness and numerous psychiatric admissions were less acknowledgeable about HIV infection. Certain misconceptions on HIV transmission were related to HIV risk behaviour.Conclusions. These results indicate the urgent need for HIV educational programmes within mental health community-care settings.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis C in drug users in Flanders: determinants and geographic differences

2004 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. MATHEÏ ◽  
G. ROBAEYS ◽  
P. VAN DAMME ◽  
F. BUNTINX ◽  
R. VERRANDO
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Geographic Regions

The prevalence of hepatitis C and related risk factors in drug users were compared in two geographic regions in Belgium, the city of Antwerp and the mixed urban–rural area of Limburg. All 310 participants were surveyed and screened for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV. Prevalence rates of anti-HCV, anti-HBc and anti-HIV were 71, 62 and 4% in Antwerp and 46, 21 and 0% in Limburg respectively. Injecting drug use, duration of injecting drug use, work as a commercial sex-worker, originating from Turkey or Northern Africa, marginalization and anti-HBc positivity were identified as independent predictors for hepatitis C infection. In this study an important difference in HCV seroprevalence among drug users in a methadone maintenance programme across two geographic regions in Belgium was demonstrated. This was explained not only by variations in drug-related risk behaviour, but also by differences in sexual risk behaviour and socio-economic status.

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