HIV-1 infection in a Ugandan town on the trans-African highway: prevalence and risk factors

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Nunn ◽  
H U Wagner ◽  
J M Okongo ◽  
S S Malamba ◽  
J F Kengeya-Kayondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Genital Ulcer Disease ◽  
South West ◽  
History Of ◽  
Partner Change ◽  
Single Focus ◽  
Hiv 1

All adult residents (aged 13 years or m ore) of 154 randomly selected households in 3 urban and one semi-rural ward of a town in South West Uganda on the trans-African highway were invited to participate in a socio-demographic, behavioural and medical survey. An unambiguous HIV-1 serostatus was obtained for 389 (80%) adults. The overall sero-prevalence rate was 40.4%; all age groups except males aged 13-19 years had infection rates in excess of 20%. Rates above 50% were found in females aged 20-34 years and m ales aged 35-44 years. For fem ales seropositivity rates increased steeply with increasing num bers of lifetime sexual partners up to a maximum of 3; in contrast, for males rates continued to increase with increasing numbers of partners. The risk of infection am ongst those with only one reported partner was 17%. A high proportion of males (14%) and females (18%) reported a history of genital ulcer disease within the previous 6 months; on exam ination genital lesions were observed in 12% of all participants. Interventions with a single focus are unlikely to have much impact in such a situation and a strategy is suggested which includes 3 components, namely im proved STD control, a reduction in partner change and an increase in condom utilization.

scholarly journals PZQ Therapy: How Close are we in the Development of Effective Alternative Anti-schistosomal Drugs?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Taiwo Aruleba ◽  
Tayo Alex Adekiya ◽  
Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye ◽  
Priscilla Masamba ◽  
Londiwe Simphiwe Mbatha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Disease ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alternative Drugs ◽  
Made In

Today schistosomiasis, caused mainly by the three major schistosome species (S. mansoni, S. haematobium and S. japonicum), has for many decades and still continues to be on a rapid and swift rise globally, claiming thousands of lives every year and leaving 800 million people at the risk of infection. Due to the high prevalence of this disease and the steady increase in the infection rates, praziquantel (PZQ) remains the only effective drug against this acute disease although it has no effect on the juvenile schistosome parasite. However, no significant approaches have been made in recent years in the discovery of new or alternative drugs and unfortunately, resistance to this drug has been reported in some parts of the world. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a new drug for this debilitating disease. In this review, a brief history of past, present, and new promising anti-schistosomal drugs is presented.

Increasing HIV-1 seroprevalence associated with genital ulcer disease, New York City, 1990-1992

AIDS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Lucia V. Torian ◽  
Isaac B. Weisfuse ◽  
Hadi A. Makki ◽  
Deborah A. Benson ◽  
Linda M. DiCamillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Genital Ulcer ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Genital Ulcer Disease ◽  
Hiv 1

Impact of aciclovir on ulcer healing, lesional, genital and plasma HIV-1 RNA among patients with genital ulcer disease in Malawi

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Phiri ◽  
I. F. Hoffman ◽  
H. A. Weiss ◽  
F. Martinson ◽  
N. Nyirenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Genital Ulcer ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Genital Ulcer Disease ◽  
Hiv 1

Increasing HIV-1 seroprevalence associated with genital ulcer disease, New York City, 1990-1992

AIDS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia V. Torian ◽  
Isaac B. Weisfuse ◽  
Hadi A. Makki ◽  
Deborah A. Benson ◽  
Linda M. DiCamillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Genital Ulcer ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Genital Ulcer Disease ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Longitudinal Rise in Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Children in Western Germany—A Blind Spot in Epidemiology?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 957-964
Author(s):  
Folke Brinkmann ◽  
Hans H. Diebner ◽  
Chantal Matenar ◽  
Anne Schlegtendal ◽  
Jan Spiecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
Drop Outs ◽  
Ruhr Region ◽  
Different Levels

SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in children and adolescents are often underestimated due to asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic infections. Seroprevalence studies can reveal the magnitude of “silent” infections in this age group and help to assess the risk of infection for children but also their role in spreading the disease. In total, 2045 children and their parents from the Ruhr region were finally included after the exclusion of drop-outs. Seroconversion rates among children of all age groups increased from 0.5% to 8% during the study period and were about three to fourfold higher than the officially registered PCR-based infection rates. Only 41% recalled symptoms of infection; 59% were asymptomatic. In 51% of the infected children, at least one parent also developed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Depending on local incidences, the rates of seroconversion rose to different levels during the study period. Although the dynamics of infection within the study cohort mirrors local incidence, the figure of SARS-CoV-2 infections in children and adolescents appears to be high. Reported contact with SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals in the same household carries a high risk of infection.

scholarly journals Effect of Genital Ulcer Disease on HIV‐1 Coreceptor Expression in the Female Genital Tract

2007 ◽  
Vol 196 (10) ◽  
pp. 1509-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne S. Sheffield ◽  
George D. Wendel, Jr. ◽  
Donald D. McIntire ◽  
Michael V. Norgard
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Genital Ulcer ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Genital Ulcer Disease ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital
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