scholarly journals Case series demonstrating in vivo MR safety of stainless steel (Chinese/Ring) IUDs

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailin Thomas ◽  
Nicole Hindman
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Major Metropolitan Area ◽  
Stainless Steel Ring

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are one of the most common forms of long-term contraception used by patients around the world. Many studies have been performed over the past few decades demonstrating the safety of many common hormonal and metallic intrauterine devices in Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging; however, the stainless steel ring IUD (often termed the “Chinese” IUD) is still considered MR Unsafe. This device was used in the 1980s and 1990s in China, where as many as 60 million women in China were using an IUD by 1988, and approximately 90% of those were stainless steel ring IUDs. In a major metropolitan area hospital such as ours with a large immigrant population, we encounter females with this ring IUD several times a year. As this population ages, the need for medical care (and concomitantly, MR imaging) is projected to increase. The purpose of this case review is to examine the imaging and clinical course of patients with stainless-steel ring intrauterine devices who safely received 1.5T Brain MR scans at our institution for clinically necessary diagnostic imaging.

Children have type 2 diabetes too: an historical perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather J. Dean ◽  
Elizabeth A.C. Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
End Stage

Prior to 1985, type 2 diabetes was a disease of adults. Simultaneously with the global epidemic of childhood obesity, type 2 diabetes has increased in children. Initially, the presentation of small case series of type 2 diabetes in children was met with skepticism. As the number and size of the case series grew and the first long-term outcomes of end-stage complications in young adults appeared in the literature, the international community took notice with guarded interest. Type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects the children of specific ethnic groups and from disadvantaged socioeconomic environments, especially Indigenous populations. The past decade has seen unprecedented intense global interest in the etiology, treatment, and prevention of type 2 diabetes in children.

scholarly journals The Role of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Intrauterine Device Complications

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S Ansari ◽  
Thomas G Tullius ◽  
Jason R Ross
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Device Complications

ABSTRACT Over the past few decades, the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) as long-term contraception has steadily been increasing. Along with the increased use of IUDs, many possible complications have been made apparent. This article presents an overview of normal IUD placement, possible complications and their diagnosis using ultrasound. Ultrasound has emerged as an excellent imaging modality for the diagnosis of many pelvic pathologies, because of its availability, sensitivity, specificity, cost-effectiveness and lack of radiation. By reading this article, the reader will be able to identify common IUD complications using ultrasound. How to cite this article Ansari AS, Tullius TG Jr, Ross JR, Plavsic SK. The Role of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Intrauterine Device Complications. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2012;6(3):318-326.

scholarly journals An argument for broad use of high efficacy treatments in early multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e636 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Stankiewicz ◽  
Howard L. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Brain

Two different treatment paradigms are most often used in multiple sclerosis (MS). An escalation or induction approach is considered when treating a patient early in the disease course. An escalator prioritizes safety, whereas an inducer would favor efficacy. Our understanding of MS pathophysiology has evolved with novel in vivo and in vitro observations. The treatment landscape has also shifted significantly with the approval of over 10 new medications over the past decade alone. Here, we re-examine the treatment approach in light of these recent developments. We believe that recent work suggests that early prediction of the disease course is fraught, the amount of damage to the brain that MS causes is underappreciated, and its impact on patient function oftentimes is underestimated. These concerns, coupled with the recent availability of agents that allow a better therapeutic effect without compromising safety, lead us to believe that initiating higher efficacy treatments early is the best way to achieve the best possible long-term outcomes for people with MS.

scholarly journals Update on Antiviral Strategies Against COVID-19: Unmet Needs and Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Hsuan Liu ◽  
Cheng-Hua Lu ◽  
Shu Hui Wong ◽  
Liang-Tzung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Future Prospect ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Outbreak

By December 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had caused more than 74 million confirmed cases and 1.6 million related deaths around the world. However, only a few drugs have been approved in certain areas and for use in conditional patients, and the vaccine candidates were only recently approved or authorized for emergency use without being fully implemented worldwide, suggesting that we are yet to reach effective control of the current outbreak as its uninhibited transmission continues precariously. Over the past few months, several therapeutic candidates have been proven ineffective in large clinical trials, while some other agents exhibited promising preliminary results. Meanwhile, the investigation of SARS-CoV-2-specific antivirals is underway. Despite still being preclinical, these agents could be beneficial for the long-term control of COVID-19 and deserve more research focus. In this article, we update the current status of therapeutic candidates that have been examined for COVID-19 management, including the virus-targeting inhibitors and host-targeting agents, with their antiviral efficacy in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical studies. Finally, we highlight the current challenges and future prospect of developing potent therapeutic agents against COVID-19.

Magnetic PEGylated Pt3Co nanoparticles as a novel MR contrast agent: in vivo MR imaging and long-term toxicity study

Nanoscale ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (24) ◽  
pp. 12464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengnan Yin ◽  
Zhiwei Li ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Yumeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Toxicity Study

Biodistribution of TNF-alpha Coated Gold Nanoparticles in an In Vivo Cancer Model

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghav Goel ◽  
Neha Shah ◽  
Rachana Visaria ◽  
Giulio F. Paciotti ◽  
John C. Bischof
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Cancer Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Control

Over the past several years, there has been an increasing interest in the use of nanoparticles as a tool for treatment of cancer. We have shown tremendous augmentation and control (without toxicity) of both heat and cold-based thermal therapy for cancer treatment with a gold based nanodrug-CYT-6091 (Cytimmune Sciences, Inc.) [1–3]. To reach the full potential of these nanodrugs for both stand-alone solid cancer treatment and as adjuvant to thermal therapy, there is a need to understand the in vivo biodistribution and their short-term and long-term tissue interaction.

Osseointegration interface of calcified bone and endosseous implants

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1096-1097
Author(s):  
K.E. Krizan ◽  
J.E. Laffoon ◽  
M.J. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Endosseous Implants ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Function

With increase use of tissue-integrated prostheses in recent years it is a goal to understand what is happening at the interface between haversion bone and bulk metal. This study uses electron microscopy (EM) techniques to establish parameters for osseointegration (structure and function between bone and nonload-carrying implants) in an animal model. In the past the interface has been evaluated extensively with light microscopy methods. Today researchers are using the EM for ultrastructural studies of the bone tissue and implant responses to an in vivo environment. Under general anesthesia nine adult mongrel dogs received three Brånemark (Nobelpharma) 3.75 × 7 mm titanium implants surgical placed in their left zygomatic arch. After a one year healing period the animals were injected with a routine bone marker (oxytetracycline), euthanized and perfused via aortic cannulation with 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer pH 7.2. Implants were retrieved en bloc, harvest radiographs made (Fig. 1), and routinely embedded in plastic. Tissue and implants were cut into 300 micron thick wafers, longitudinally to the implant with an Isomet saw and diamond wafering blade [Beuhler] until the center of the implant was reached.

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