scholarly journals Frequency and antibiogram of multi-drug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubna Farooq ◽  
Zahida Memon ◽  
Muhammad Owais Ismail ◽  
Sara Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Tracheal Aspiration

Objective: To determine pathogen burden and susceptibility pattern of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical specimens in Karachi. Methods: It was In-vitro Clinical study, conducted in department of Pharmacology, Ziauddin University, and isolates were collected from various specimens such as pus, tracheal aspiration, wound swab, blood and urine in Microbiology department of Ziauddin Hospital, Nazimabad campus, Karachi. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method. Samples were processed as per procedures defined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines 2018. Results: About 55% were found to be multi drug resistant P. aeruginosa. Majority of the isolates (35.4%) were recovered from the age range 60-80 years. Maximum number of MDR P. aeruginosa was isolated from pus (33.1%) followed by tracheal aspiration (20.6%). Highest sensitivity was seen by colistin (100%) followed by ceftolozane/tazobactam (60%). Least sensitivity was observed with imipenem (19%). However, increase trend of resistance was seen among all antipesudomonal drugs. Conclusion: Increasing frequency of infections due to MDR P. aeruginosa is an emerging threat in our set up which can be prevented by prescribing antibiotics judiciously. Consistent lab detection and surveillance regarding this resistant pathogen is compulsory for providing effective health care to community. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.930 How to cite this:Farooq L, Memon Z, Ismail MO, Sadiq S. Frequency and antibiogram of multi-drug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1622-1626. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.930 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Multi drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Pathogen burden and associated antibiogram in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waheed Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Hazir Rahman ◽  
Fazli Bari ◽  
Saadullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Pathogen Burden

scholarly journals Prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae at a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susil Pyakurel ◽  
Mehraj Ansari ◽  
Smriti Kattel ◽  
Ganesh Rai ◽  
Prasha Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Biochemical Tests

Abstract Aim Although carbapenem is the last-resort drug for treating drug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, prevalence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria has substantially increased worldwide owing to irrational use of antibiotics particularly in developing countries like Nepal.  Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae and to detect the carbapenemase genes (blaNDM-2 and blaOXA-48) in at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. Materials and methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2018 to January 2019 at the Microbiology Laboratory of Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal. Different clinical samples were collected and cultured in appropriate growth media. Biochemical tests were performed for the identification of K. pneumoniae. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The modified Hodge test (MHT) was performed to detect carbapenemase producers. The plasmid was extracted by the modified alkaline hydrolysis method. Carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae were further confirmed by detecting blaNDM-2 and blaOXA-48 genes by PCR using specific forward and reverse primers followed by gel electrophoresis. Results Out of the total 720 samples, 38.9% (280/720) were culture positive. K. pneumoniae was the most predominant isolate 31.4% (88/280). Of 88 K. pneumoniae isolates, 56.8% (50/88) were multi-drug resistant (MDR), and 51.1% (45/88) were MHT positive. Colistin showed the highest sensitivity (100%; 88/88), followed by tigecycline (86.4%; 76/88). blaNDM-2 and blaOXA-48 genes were detected in 24.4% (11/45) and 15.5% (7/45) of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. Conclusion The rate of MDR and carbapenemase production was high in the K. pneumoniae isolates. Colistin and tigecycline could be the drug of choice for the empirical treatments of MDR and carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae. Our study provides a better understanding of antibiotic resistance threat and enables physicians to select the most appropriate antibiotics.

scholarly journals Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of endotracheal tube secretion of patients in ICUs of a tertiary care hospital in Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
Kiranjeet Kaur ◽  
Shavetika Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Healthcare associated pneumonia (HAP)is second most common HCAIs that occur in 27% critically ill patients. Eighty-six percent of HAP are associated with mechanical ventilation and termed as ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). VAP due to multidrug resistant has also increased in recent past. To isolate and identify the bacterial pathogens in endotracheal tubes aspirates of ICUs patients and study their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in the Microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital over a period of six months after clearance from institutional Research Committee and Ethical Committee. All the samples of ETT secretions received in Clinical Microbiology lab from ICU patients and fulfilling the criteria for VAP were included in this study. Samples were processed as per standard protocol and organisms were identified on the basis of gram staining, colony characters and biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. : A total of 100 samples of ET secretions were collected and proceeded for culture. Out of 100 samples, 76 (76.0%) were positive for bacterial growth. Among 76 positive cultures, a total 80 bacterial isolates were obtained as some cultures were showing polymicrobial growth. Five (6.26%) isolates were Gram Positive bacteria and 75(93.7%) were Gram negative. The most frequent isolates were 35(43.7%) followed by , isolates were sensitive to colistin while resistant to ampicillin and amoxiclav. isolates were sensitive to colistin and resistant to ampicillin, amoxiclav, ciprofloxacin, cefixime, piperacillin tazobactam. isolates were sensitive to colistin while resistant to ampicillin, amoxiclav, ceftizidime and piperacillin tazobactam. In our study antimicrobial pattern of isolated bacteria shows multidrug resistant pathogens which are associated with VAP and limit therapeutic options.

scholarly journals 522. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Ceftazidime/Avibactam Compared with Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Against Real-world Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a Large Academic Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S251-S252
Author(s):  
Twisha S Patel ◽  
Keith S Kaye ◽  
Vince Marshall ◽  
Jay Krishnan ◽  
John Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Real World ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Routine Testing

Abstract Background Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) and ceftolozane-tazobactam (CT) are new additions to the antibiotic armamentarium with activity against gram-negative pathogens, most notably drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSA). The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro activity of CZA and CT against a large real-world sample of clinical isolates of PSA displaying different phenotypes of resistance to conventional β-lactams at an institution where both CZA and CT are routinely tested on all isolates. Methods All cultures from patient infections with PSA from May 2018 to February 2019 at Michigan Medicine were included. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for all β-lactams were determined using TREK broth microdilution panels and isolates were considered susceptible to CZA if the MIC was ≤8 mg/L and CT if the MIC was ≤4 mg/L. Results A total of 2,972 isolates of PSA from clinical specimens were included. Table 1 compares CZA and CT susceptibility, MIC50, MIC90, and MIC range for all isolates including those displaying resistance to various β-lactams. Among all isolates of PSA, CZA (96.2% susceptible) was slightly more active than CT (94.2%) and both agents were ~10% more active than the closest comparator (ceftazidime, 86.6%). In vitro activity of cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, and meropenem were 84.8%, 78%, and 80.3%, respectively. The activity of both CZA and CT dropped significantly among isolates with pan-β-lactam resistance (i.e., resistance to all conventional anti-pseudomonal β lactams, PBR) but CZA remained more active than CT (59.4% vs. 41.5%, P < 0.001). Of isolates displaying resistance to CT, 84 (48.6%) were susceptible to CZA. However, of those with resistance to CZA, only 24 (21.2%) were susceptible to CT (Table 2). Conclusion CZA was the most active β-lactam against PSA isolates at Michigan Medicine. Among PSA with PBR, CZA demonstrated superior activity compared with CT. Additionally, a significant number of isolates with resistance to CT were susceptible to CZA. Our findings are unique compared with other published reports where CT has consistently demonstrated greater activity than CZA against resistant P. aeruginosa and suggest routine testing of both CT and CZA should occur. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
M. ABDUR RAHMAN ◽  
POOJA NAIR
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Pseudomonas Species

Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the commonest agent causing opportunistic nosocomial infections, contributing to mortality and morbidity worldwide. Along with its intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms, infections caused by Pseudomonas species further lead to treatment failure. This study was done to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of different species of Pseudomonas isolated from various clinical samples by phenotypic methods. Methods: This study involved the examination of clinical samples for various species of Pseudomonas by using different standard biochemical tests. Their antimicrobial susceptibility profile was performed by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Analysis of the antibiogram pattern was done to study the multi-drug resistance among Pseudomonas species. Results: Out of the 1249 bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas species accounted for 12.9%. Pseudomonas species showed maximum resistance to gentamicin (31.4%), followed by ciprofloxacin (30.2%. and showed the least resistance tocolistin and polymyxin B. 46 isolates out of the 162 (28%) were found to be Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: The present study highlights that Pseudomonas species remains a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. Multidrug resistance was observed in most of the strains, which makes the therapeutic options more difficult. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and strict infection control measures are essentially to be practiced in managing and control of infections caused by Pseudomonas.

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