scholarly journals Radiological profile of patients undergoing Chest X-ray and computed tomography scans during COVID-19 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Ahmed Khan ◽  
Murli Manohar ◽  
Maria Khan ◽  
Samita Asad ◽  
Syed Omair Adil
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
P Value ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Bilateral Lung

Background & Objective: Radiology has played a significant role in the diagnosis and quantifying the severity of COVID 19 pulmonary disease. This study was conducted to assess patterns and severity of COVID-19 pulmonary disease based on radiological imaging. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in a large tertiary care public sector teaching hospital of Karachi, Pakistan from June 2020 till August 2020. All confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients referred for chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans were evaluated along with RT-PCR results. Suspected patients were followed for RT-PCR. Radiological features and severity of imaging studies were determined. Results: Of 533 patients in whom X-rays were performed, majority had severe/critical findings, i.e., 304 (57.03%). Of 97 patients in whom CT scan was performed, mild/moderate findings were observed in 63 (64.94%) patients. Of 472 patients with abnormal X-rays, majority presented with alveolar pattern 459 (97.2%), bilateral lung involvement 453 (89.6%), and consolidation 356 (75.4%). Moreover, lobar predominance showed lower zone preponderance in 446 (94.5%) patients. Of 88 patients with abnormal CT findings, ground-glass opacity (GGO) 87 (98.9%) and crazy paving 69 (78.4%) were the most common findings. An insignificantly higher association of PCR positive cases was observed with severe/critical X-rays (p-value 0.076) and CT scan findings (p-value 0.431). Conclusion: Most common patterns on CT scans were GGO and crazy paving. While on chest radiographs, bilateral lung involvement with alveolar pattern and consolidation were most common findings. On X-rays, majority had severe/critical whereas CT scan had mild/moderate findings. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4290 How to cite this:Khan SA, Manohar M, Khan M, Asad S, Adil SO. Radiological profile of patients undergoing Chest X-ray and computed tomography scans during COVID-19 outbreak. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4290 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Effective Survey on Detection and Classification of COVID-19 Suspected Individual Using CT scan Images

2021 ◽  
pp. 294-299
Author(s):  
Snehal R. Sambhe ◽  
Dr. Kamlesh A. Waghmare
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Feature Extractor ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Excessive Risk

As insufficient testing kits are available, the development of new testing kits for detecting COVID remains an open vicinity of research. It’s impossible to test each and every patient suffering from coronavirus symptoms using the traditional method i.e. RT-PCR. This test requires more time to produce results and have less sensitivity. Detecting feasible coronavirus infection using chest X-Ray may also assist quarantine excessive risk sufferers while testing results are disclosed. A learning model can be built based on CT scan images or Chest X-rays of individuals with higher accuracy. This paper represents a computer-aided diagnosis of COVID 19 infection bases on a feature extractor by using CNN models.

scholarly journals (F)utility of computed tomography of the chest in the presence of pleural effusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilak Pathak ◽  
Malvinder S. Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Plain Chest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

AbstractBackgroundPleural effusion is common and can cause significant morbidity. The chest X-ray is often the initial radiological test, but additional tests may be required to reduce uncertainty and to provide additional diagnostic information. However, additional exposure and unnecessary costs should be prevented. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical benefit of an additional chest computed tomography (CT) scan over plain chest X-ray alone in the management of patients with pleural effusion.MethodsRetrospective analysis in 94 consecutive patients with pleural effusion who underwent chest X-ray and CT scan over an 18-month period in a single institution. All chest X-ray and CT scan reports were compared and correlated with clinical parameters in order to assess their utility in the clinical management. No blinding was applied.ResultsIn 75 chest CT scan reports (80 %), information provided by the radiologist did not change clinical management when compared to plain chest X-ray alone and did not provide any additional information over chest X-ray. Only 2/49 (4 %) of the native chest CT scan reports provided clinically relevant information as compared to 17/45 (38 %) contrast-enhanced chest CT scan reports (p<0.001).ConclusionsIn this retrospective cohort of patients with pleural effusion, an additional chest CT scan was not useful in the majority of patients. However, if a chest CT scan is required, then a contrast-enhanced study after pleural aspiration should be performed. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

Ultrasound Detection of Pneumothorax Compared with Chest X-Ray and Computed Tomography Scan

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanjan Nagarsheth ◽  
Stanley Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Thoracic Ultrasound ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Pneumothorax after trauma can be a life threatening injury and its care requires expeditious and accurate diagnosis and possible intervention. We performed a prospective, single blinded study with convenience sampling at a Level I trauma center comparing thoracic ultrasound with chest X-ray and CT scan in the detection of traumatic pneumothorax. Trauma patients that received a thoracic ultrasound, chest X-ray, and chest CT scan were included in the study. The chest X-rays were read by a radiologist who was blinded to the thoracic ultrasound results. Then both were compared with CT scan results. One hundred and twenty-five patients had a thoracic ultrasound performed in the 24-month period. Forty-six patients were excluded from the study due to lack of either a chest X-ray or chest CT scan. Of the remaining 79 patients there were 22 positive pneumothorax found by CT and of those 18 (82%) were found on ultrasound and 7 (32%) were found on chest X-ray. The sensitivity of thoracic ultrasound was found to be 81.8 per cent and the specificity was found to be 100 per cent. The sensitivity of chest X-ray was found to be 31.8 per cent and again the specificity was found to be 100 per cent. The negative predictive value of thoracic ultrasound for pneumothorax was 0.934 and the negative predictive value for chest X-ray for pneumothorax was found to be 0.792. We advocate the use of chest ultrasound for detection of pneumothorax in trauma patients.

scholarly journals ANALYZING CHEST X-RAY TO DIFFERENTIATE SYMPTOMS OF COVID-19 THROUGH ML APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepali R Deshpande ◽  
Raj L Shah ◽  
Anish N Shaha
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Chest X Ray

The motive behind the project is to build a machine learning model for detection of Covid-19. Using this model, it is possible to classify images of chest x-rays into normal patients, pneumatic patients, and covid-19 positive patients. This CNN based model will help drastically to save time constraints among the patients. Instead of relying on limited RT-PCR kits, just a simple chest x-ray can help us determine health of the patient. Not only we get immediate results, but we can also practice social distancing norms more effectively.

scholarly journals Chest X-Ray findings and visual quantitative assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Cellina ◽  
Marcello Orsi ◽  
Marta Panzeri ◽  
Giulia van der Byl ◽  
Giancarlo Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Severity Score ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiological Score ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract AimTo assess the most common chest X-Ray findings and distribution in patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19; to verify the repeatability of a radiological severity score, based on visual quantitative assessment; to assess the evolution of chest X-Ray findings at follow-up; to evaluate chest X-Ray sensitivity.MethodsWe analysed chest X-Rays at baseline of 110 consecutive COVID-19 patients (79 males, 31 females; mean age: 64±16 years) with RT-PCR confirmation, who presented to our ED.Two radiologists evaluated the imaging findings and distribution.A severity score, based on the extension of lung abnormalities, was assigned by two other radiologists, independently, to the baseline and follow-up X-Rays, executed in 77/110 cases; interobserver agreement was calculated. Chest X-Ray sensitivity was assessed, with RT-PCR as gold standard.ResultsInterobserver agreement was excellent for baseline and follow-up X-Rays (Cohen's K=0.989, p<0.001, Cohen's K=0.985, p<0.001, respectively). The mean score at baseline was 2.87±1.7 for readers 1 and 2. We observed radiological worsening in 52/77 (67%) patients, with significantly higher scores at follow-up (mean score: 4.27±2.15 for reader 1 and 4.28±2.14 for reader 2, respectively); p<0.001.Ground glass opacities were the most common findings (97/110, 88%). Abnormalities showed bilateral involvement in 67/110 (61%), with prevalent peripheral distribution (48/110, 43.5%).The X-Ray sensitivity for the detection of COVID-19 infection was 91%.ConclusionChest X-Ray highlighted imaging findings in line with those previously reported for chest CT. The use of a radiological score can result in clearer communication with Clinicians and a more precise assessment of disease evolution.

COVID-19 Detection on Chest X-Ray and CT Scan Images Using Multi-image Augmented Deep Learning Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Purohit ◽  
Abhishek Kesarwani ◽  
Dakshina Ranjan Kisku ◽  
Mamata Dalui
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

AbstractCOVID-19 is posed as very infectious and deadly pneumonia type disease until recent time. Despite having lengthy testing time, RT-PCR is a proven testing methodology to detect coronavirus infection. Sometimes, it might give more false positive and false negative results than the desired rates. Therefore, to assist the traditional RT-PCR methodology for accurate clinical diagnosis, COVID-19 screening can be adopted with X-Ray and CT scan images of lung of an individual. This image based diagnosis will bring radical change in detecting coronavirus infection in human body with ease and having zero or near to zero false positives and false negatives rates. This paper reports a convolutional neural network (CNN) based multi-image augmentation technique for detecting COVID-19 in chest X-Ray and chest CT scan images of coronavirus suspected individuals. Multi-image augmentation makes use of discontinuity information obtained in the filtered images for increasing the number of effective examples for training the CNN model. With this approach, the proposed model exhibits higher classification accuracy around 95.38% and 98.97% for CT scan and X-Ray images respectively. CT scan images with multi-image augmentation achieves sensitivity of 94.78% and specificity of 95.98%, whereas X-Ray images with multi-image augmentation achieves sensitivity of 99.07% and specificity of 98.88%. Evaluation has been done on publicly available databases containing both chest X-Ray and CT scan images and the experimental results are also compared with ResNet-50 and VGG-16 models.

Cuboid stress fracture. A case report

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Chen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Stress Fracture ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Tomography Scan

Because a stress fracture is rare and easily missed on an x-ray, it might go undetected. If a patient presents with an activity related injury to the midfoot and x-rays are negative, a computed tomography scan can be helpful in diagnosing a cuboid stress fracture. Also, computed tomography scans graphically show the fracture location and size, in addition to tracking progressive bone changes during the healing process.

scholarly journals Lung Ultrasound in COVID-19 pandemic: Why? How? And When?

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Pronyuk ◽  
Andriy Vysotskyi
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Computer Tomography ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

During COVID-19 pandemic Lung ultrasound has rapidly become a tool for diagnosis and monitoring of lung involvement and it’s severity. Accurate evaluation of lung pathologic entities at the bedside, especially in critically ill patients, and those on mechanical ventilation, remains problematic. CT should not be frequently repeated and is not available everywhere, especially for critically ill patients. Limitations of bedside chest X-ray have been well described and lead to poor-quality X-ray films with low sensitivity.The lung ultrasound has been shown to be a useful tool in intensive care patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and can be used forassessing severity of lung involvement in COVID-19. In this paper the accuracy of bedside LUS, chest X-ray and computer tomography are compared based on clinical cases, typical for COVID-19 lung ultrasound appearance is evaluated. There have been shown that lung ultrasound can predict the deterioration of the patient's conditionand can be used for risk stratification and clinical decision making, reducethe use of both chest x‐rays and computer tomography, what is very important especially in limited resources settings.

scholarly journals Chest X-Ray Findings and Temporal Lung Changes in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqa A Rousan ◽  
Eyhab Elobeid ◽  
Musaab Karrar ◽  
Yousef Khader
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Abstract Background: Chest CT scan and chest x-rays show characteristic radiographic findings in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Chest x-ray can be used in diagnosis and follow up in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The study aims at describing the chest x-ray findings and temporal radiographic changes in COVID-19 patients.Methods: From March 15 to April 20, 2020 patients with positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19 were retrospectively studied. Patients’ demographics, clinical characteristics, and chest x-ray findings were reported. Radiographic findings were correlated with the course of the illness and patients’ symptoms.Results: A total of 88 patients (50 (56.8%) females and 38 (43.2%) males) were admitted to the hospital with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. Their age ranged from 3-80 years (35.2 ±18.2 years). 48/88 (45%) were symptomatic, only 13/88 (45.5%) showed abnormal chest x-ray findings. A total of 190 chest x-rays were obtained for the 88 patients with a total of 59/190 (31%) abnormal chest x-rays. The most common finding on chest x-rays was peripheral ground glass opacities (GGO) affecting the lower lobes. In the course of illness, the GGO progressed into consolidations peaking around 6-11 days (GGO 70%, consolidations 30%). The consolidations regressed into GGO towards the later phase of the illness at 12-17 days (GGO 80%, consolidations 10%). There was increase in the frequency of normal chest x-rays from 9% at days 6- 11 up to 33% after 18 days indicating a healing phase. The majority (12/13, 92.3%) of patients with abnormal chest x-rays were symptomatic (P=0.005).Conclusion: The chest x-ray findings were similar to those reported on chest CT scan in patients with COVID-19, Chest x-ray can be used in diagnosis and follow up in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

scholarly journals Seorang Wanita Mengalami Aspirasi Barium Dengan Komplikasi Pneumonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Isnin Anang Marhana ◽  
Adhari Ajipurnomo
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Symptom ◽  
Atomic Number ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Atomic Number ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background. Barium aspiration is one of rare major complication of esophagography. Aspiration pneumonia occurs about 40% without clinical symptom and can cause 30% of dead. Case. A female 62 years old choked a mount of barium when swallowing barium liquid in esophagography procedure. There was ronkhi on lower left haemithorax and granuler pattern on left paracardial impressed the rest of barium in chest x-ray photo. Patient suffered symptom of infection in eight days evaluation with infiltrate and rest of barium from chest x-ray photo. Microbiology examination of bronchus lavage founded pathogen microbe Burcholderia Gladioli and Pseudomonas and containing 1,22 mg/L of barium. Discussion. Barium aspiration can occur in esophagography procedure in extreme age. Chest x-ray and Computed Tomography can be used as primer tool to diagnose and evaluate barium aspiration which imaging hiperdens pattern due to barium with high atomic number (56). Prognosis of aspiration barium can be affected by the quantity and density of barium liquid which is choked and comorbid factor in patient. Barium aspiration mixed with secrete of oropharing which containing colony of pathogen can cause penumonia as disease complication. There is still no guideline for barium aspiration management, but bronchoscopy is recommended by many clinician. Conclusion. Pneumonia occur when aspiration barium mixed with secrete oropharing which containing colony of pathogen. Chest x-ray and CT scan can be used as tool to diagnose barium aspiration. Bronchoscopy is recommended to diagnose and to manage barium aspiration. When pneumonia is suspicious, antibiotic with anaerob activity is recommended given.

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