scholarly journals Μεταγνωστικές εμπειρίες στην προοπτική μνήμη νεότερων και μεγαλύτερων σε ηλικία ατόμων: παίζει ρόλο η απερισκεψία;

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Γαρυφαλλιά Τάνου ◽  
Αναστασία Κωσταρίδου-Ευκλείδη
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Metacognitive Experience ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Neutral Affect ◽  
Tip Of The Tongue ◽  
Correlation Factors ◽  
Metacognitive Experiences

The present study aimed to examine metacognitive experiences in situations with respect to perspective memory (PM). The metacognitive experiences studied were blank in mind, “tip of the tongue”, mind wandering, and mind blanking. Young, middle-aged and elderly people of both sexes participated in this study. We also studied affect, cognitive failures and mindlessness as personality traits, which were also used as correlation factors of metacognitive experiences. The results of the current study showed that personality traits are related to metacognitive experience of blank in the mind, but not with performance in the PM task. Moreover, the results showed that there is a decline in task performance in older people, but no effect on metacognitive experiences. There were also high correlations between the metacognitive experiences of mind wandering, blank in mind and mind blanking, but there were no correlations between them and the “tip of the tongue” experience. Finally, regarding the correlation of affect with the task performance and metacognitive experiences, it was found that neutral affect correlates positively with mind wandering and blank in mind and negatively with mind blanking self-reports, but it does not necessarily correlate with lower task performance.

The Wandering Eye: An Eye Tracking Approach to Mind Wandering

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Schnabel
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Target Location ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
The Mind

Mind wandering, or “daydreaming,” is a shift in the contents of a thought away from a task and/or event in the external environment, to self-generated thoughts and feelings. This research seeks to test the reliability of eye tracking as an objective of measure mind wandering using the Wandering Eye Paradigm, as well as examine the relationships between mind wandering and individual characteristics. Fifty participants will be recruited for two appointments a day apart, on each day on each day completing two eye tracking sessions following a moving target. In this task, participants will be instructed to press the space bar if they feel they are mind wandering, and then answer three questions about their episode content. Questionnaires measuring mind wandering, procrastination, mindfulness, creativity and personality (in particular conscientiousness) will be completed between eye tracking sessions. By comparing the eye tracking data in the period prior to the spacebar press we can determine quantifiable indicators of the onset and duration of mind wandering episodes by analyzing gaze location in relation to the target location. It has been hypothesized that severity of task performance failures (losing track of the target) should correlate with the “depth” of the mind wandering episode content. Additionally, we expect the frequency of mind wandering episodes to correlate with individual characteristics, and that these measures will be consistent across trials. This research would provide a novel objective way to identify and measure mind wandering, and would help further advance the understanding of its behavioral and subjective dimensions.

scholarly journals Catching the wandering mind: Meditation as a window into spontaneous thought

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Hasenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Great Utility ◽  
Spontaneous Thought ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Subjective Reports ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Research Recommendations

This chapter considers a form of attention-based meditation as a novel means to gain insight into the mechanisms and phenomenology of spontaneous thought. Focused attention (FA) meditation involves keeping one’s attention on a chosen object, and repeatedly catching the mind when it strays from the object into spontaneous thought. This practice can thus be viewed as a kind of self-caught mind wandering paradigm, which suggests it may have great utility for research on spontaneous thought. Current findings about the effects of meditation on mind wandering and meta-awareness are reviewed, and implications for new research paradigms that leverage first-person reporting during FA meditation are discussed. Specifically, research recommendations are made that may enable customized analysis of individual episodes of mind wandering and their neural correlates. It is hoped that by combining detailed subjective reports from experienced meditators with rigorous objective physiological measures, we can advance our understanding of human consciousness.

How the Group Affects the Mind: A Cognitive Model of Idea Generation in Groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard A. Nijstad ◽  
Wolfgang Stroebe
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
Feedback Loops ◽  
Negative Feedback Loops ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Knowledge Activation ◽  
The Mind

A model called search for ideas in associative memory (SIAM) is proposed to account for various research findings in the area of group idea generation. The model assumes that idea generation is a repeated search for ideas in associative memory, which proceeds in 2 stages (knowledge activation and idea production), and is controlled through negative feedback loops and cognitive failures (trials in which no idea is generated). We show that (a) turn taking (production blocking) interferes with both stages of the process; (b) ideas suggested by others aid the activation of problem-relevant knowledge; and (c) cognitive failures are important determinants of brainstorming persistence, satisfaction, and enjoyment. Implications for group decision making and group recall are discussed.

scholarly journals For Whom the Mind Wanders, and When, Varies Across Laboratory and Daily-Life Settings

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1271-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Kane ◽  
Georgina M. Gross ◽  
Charlotte A. Chun ◽  
Bridget A. Smeekens ◽  
Matt E. Meier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
The Mind

Undergraduates ( N = 274) participated in a weeklong daily-life experience-sampling study of mind wandering after being assessed in the lab for executive-control abilities (working memory capacity; attention-restraint ability; attention-constraint ability; and propensity for task-unrelated thoughts, or TUTs) and personality traits. Eight times a day, electronic devices prompted subjects to report on their current thoughts and context. Working memory capacity and attention abilities predicted subjects’ TUT rates in the lab, but predicted the frequency of daily-life mind wandering only as a function of subjects’ momentary attempts to concentrate. This pattern replicates prior daily-life findings but conflicts with laboratory findings. Results for personality factors also revealed different associations in the lab and daily life: Only neuroticism predicted TUT rate in the lab, but only openness predicted mind-wandering rate in daily life (both predicted the content of daily-life mind wandering). Cognitive and personality factors also predicted dimensions of everyday thought other than mind wandering, such as subjective judgments of controllability of thought. Mind wandering in people’s daily environments and TUTs during controlled and artificial laboratory tasks have different correlates (and perhaps causes). Thus, mind-wandering theories based solely on lab phenomena may be incomplete.

scholarly journals Personality traits affecting judgement bias task performance in dogs (Canis familiaris)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanis Barnard ◽  
Deborah L. Wells ◽  
Adam D. S. Milligan ◽  
Gareth Arnott ◽  
Peter G. Hepper
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Judgement Bias

Unraveling What’s on Our Minds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M. Zedelius ◽  
Jonathan W. Schooler
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Behavior

Mind-wandering encompasses a variety of different types of thought, involving various different experiential qualities, emotions, and cognitive processes. Much is lost by simply lumping them together, as is typically done in the literature. The goal of this chapter is to explore the nuances that distinguish different types of mind-wandering. The chapter draws on research on mind-wandering as well as other literatures to gain a better understanding of how these different types of mind-wandering affect cognition and behavior. It specifically discusses the distinct effects of different types of mind-wandering on task performance, working memory, mood, and creativity. Finally, the chapter discusses the idea of deliberate engagement in particular types of mind-wandering as a way to achieve desirable outcomes, such as maintaining a positive mood, enhancing creativity, or aiding decision-making.

Negative and Positive Mind-Wandering

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-192
Author(s):  
Frederick Travis
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Mental Life ◽  
Negative Thoughts ◽  
The Mind

Mind-wandering is considered by many as a sign of an “unhappy mind” and associated with ill-health. Since the mind wanders half of the time, it is unlikely that mind-wandering plays no role in cognitive processing. Mind-wandering can be filled with negative thoughts ‑ negative mind-wandering associated with worry and rumination; or it can be filled with positive thoughts ‑ positive mind-wandering associated with imagination and fantasy, essential elements of a healthy, satisfying mental life. Mind-wandering with positive thoughts enables the mind to escape the constraints of the current situation and explore novel solutions.

scholarly journals The application of personality traits model on the freight forwarding service industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Chung Shang ◽  
Ching-Cheng Chao ◽  
Taih-Cherng Lirn
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Contextual Performance ◽  
Logistics Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory ◽  
Freight Forwarding ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this study aims to investigate the relationship between employees’ personality traits and their job performances (including task performance and contextual performance) of Taiwanese freight forwarders by using responses from a NEO Personality Inventory-Revised Form (NEO-PI-R) questionnaire survey. Design/methodology/approach One of the most popular personality trait model is the five-factor model (FFM), which includes the big five domains, namely, openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism (OCEAN). Each of these five domains includes six facets. Previous researchers have used OCEAN factors to describe the relationship between human personality and job performance. NEO Personality Inventory is a professional psychological assessment instrument published by psychological assessment resources. Multivariate analysis technique and regression technique are used to analyze surveyees’ responses. Findings Research results reveal the following four issues. The seniority of employees in a company has a positive relationship with their conscientiousness. Employees with higher score on the facets of the neuroticism domain have a negative correlation with their task performance and contextual performance. The relationship between employees’ openness to experience and job performance (both task performance and contextual performance) is not significant. Employees’ seniority has a positive correlation with both their task performance and contextual performance. In a nutshell, freight forwarding industry in Taiwan can use the facets in the neuroticism domain to screen and recruit appropriate job applicants. In addition, retaining senior employees could increase a forwarder’s task performance and contextual performance by their high degree of conscientiousness. Originality/value FFM model is a psychological theory dealing with the personality traits and human behavior. Freight forwarding is a labor-intensive business and is one of the most important sectors in the logistics industry. According the authors’ knowledge, the application of FFM on the logistics industry is simply not existed.

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