scholarly journals Development of the Wits Face Database: an African database of high-resolution facial photographs and multimodal closed-circuit television (CCTV) recordings

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Nicholas Bacci ◽  
Joshua Davimes ◽  
Maryna Steyn ◽  
Nanette Briers
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Face Database ◽  
Facial Image ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Closed Circuit Television ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The World

Forensic facial comparison is a commonly used, yet under-evaluated method employed in medicolegal contexts across the world. Testing the accuracy and reliability of facial comparisons requires large scale controlled and matching facial image databases. Databases that contain images of individuals on closed-circuit television (CCTV), with matching formal and informal photographs are needed for this type of research. Although many databases are available, the majority if not all are developed in order to improve facial recognition and face detection algorithms through machine learning, with very limited if any measure of standardisation. This paper aims to review the available databases and describe the development of a high resolution, standardised facial photograph and CCTV recording database of male Africans. The database is composed of a total of 6220 standardised and uncontrolled suboptimal facial photographs of 622 matching individuals in five different views, as well as corresponding CCTV footage of 334 individuals recorded under different realistic conditions. A detailed description of the composition and acquisition process of the database as well as its subdivisions and possible uses are provided. The challenges and limitations of developing this database are also highlighted, particularly with regard to obtaining CCTV video recordings and ethics for a database of faces. The application process to access the database is also briefly described.

scholarly journals The Growth of CCTV: a global perspective on the international diffusion of video surveillance in publicly accessible space

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Norris ◽  
Mike McCahill ◽  
David Wood
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Closed Circuit Television ◽  
International Diffusion ◽  
The World

This editorial surveys the growth of video surveillance or Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) throughout the world, setting the scene for this special double issue of Surveillance and Society, on the politics and practice of CCTV, and provides a brief introduction to the contents of the issue.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis reveals the onset of synchrony in sparse swarms of Photinus knulli fireflies

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Sarfati ◽  
Laura Gaudette ◽  
Joseph Cicero ◽  
Orit Peleg
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Stereoscopic Video ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The World ◽  
Photinus Carolinus ◽  
Statistical Approaches ◽  
Collective Animal Behaviour

Flash synchrony within firefly swarms is an elegant but elusive manifestation of collective animal behaviour. It has been observed, and sometimes demonstrated, in a few populations across the world, but exactly which species are capable of large-scale synchronization remains unclear, especially in low-density swarms. The underlying question which we address here is: how does one qualify a collective flashing display as synchronous, given that the only information available is the time and location of flashes? We propose different statistical approaches and apply them to high-resolution stereoscopic video recordings of the collective flashing of Photinus knulli fireflies, hence establishing the occurrence of synchrony in this species. These results substantiate detailed visual observations published in the early 1980s and made at the same experimental site: Peña Blanca Canyon, Coronado National Forest, Arizona, USA. We also remark that P. knulli's collective flashing patterns mirror that observed in Photinus carolinus fireflies in the Eastern United States, consisting of synchronous flashes in periodic bursts with rapid accretion and quick decay.

Image Enhancement, Micrograph Screening, and Teaching Principles of Contrast with a High Resolution Closed Circuit Television System

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Arthur L. Cohen ◽  
R.G.E. Steever
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Television System ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Closed Circuit Television ◽  
Cooling Fan ◽  
Teaching Principles

For several years we have been using a closed circuit television system consisting of a high resolution camera (1000 lines), monitor, mount, incident lighting for prints, a light box for negatives with cooling fan and silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) for controlling light intensity. This assembly (Fig. 1) has the following controls: spatial inversion (right-left, top-bottom), image inversion (negative-positive), image height and width, brightness, and contrast. Other image controls (gain, target, pedestal) are infrequently needed. Contrast and tonal range may be widely varied; negatives may be viewed as positives, distortion (as in scanning microscopy) may be corrected, and image size may be adjusted.The system is useful for: (1) Screening negatives for suitability of print ing by displaying them as positives (i.e. simulated prints) thus obtaining an idea of the degree of contrast desired. (2) Extracting the maximum information from a negative.

scholarly journals Project and Implementation of an Educational Large-Scale Water Distillation Unit with a Closed-Circuit Condenser

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3239
Author(s):  
Luís Carlos Matos ◽  
Ana Eulálio ◽  
Tiago Antunes ◽  
José Miguel Loureiro ◽  
Alexandre Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Distillation Unit ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
The World ◽  
Construction Optimization ◽  
Design Construction

Water is one of the scarcest resources in the world, and it is becoming rarer fast, year after year. Chemical engineers are particularly suited to addressing the challenges of saving water and producing more fresh water. Proper education is then critical to prepare them for the upcoming decades. All student laboratories need distilled water, which is typically produced using commercial distillation units, which consume up to 70 L of fresh water per liter of distillated water. This work reports the design, construction, optimization, and operation of a water distillation unit that produces 10 liters per hour at 4 µS∙cm−1 and wastes no fresh water. Developed by a committed team made up of students, lab technicians, and instructors, this unit saves ca. 550 m3 of fresh water annually while spending less electrical power.

scholarly journals Integrated CCTV Surveillance System for Public Transportation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Dhaval Vibhakar ◽  
Aditya Kamble ◽  
Suraj Jha ◽  
Saurabh Suman
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Closed Circuit Television ◽  
Residential District ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Cctv Surveillance

The urban center residential district Railway is one in every of the busiest railway stations in Bharat and carries over seven.5 million commuters daily.The railways spreads over 123.78 km (76.91 mi).The Railways encompass thirty-nine stations.Trains typically begin from and terminate at necessary stations. in line with a survey ,the total stats given by the RPF(Railway Police Force) & GRP(GOVERNMENT RAILWAY POLICE), 2,700 railway commuters killed, over 1,400 whereas crossing tracks up until last and this variety has been increasing daily. This is creating railways a dangerous possibility for travel and transportation.The video closed-circuit television used is irving to be not useful and not updated.To overcome this drawback we tend to area unit creating associate integrated video closed-circuit television for detection of crimes and missed objects and explains during this paper.We area unit exploitation high resolution cameras which might focus and might be simply accustomed establish someone and can also be helpful in dark

scholarly journals The potentials of high-resolution photogrammetry for analyzing glacier retreat in the Ötztal Alps, Austria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joschka Geissler ◽  
Christoph Mayer ◽  
Juilson Jubanski ◽  
Ulrich Münzer ◽  
Florian Siegert
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Glacier Retreat ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
The World

Abstract. Glaciers all over the world experience an increasing mass loss during recent decades due to change in the global climate. This leads to considerable environmental consequences in the densely populated Alps and many other mountain ranges in the world. We used high-resolution aerial photogrammetry within the AlpSenseBench project to investigate glacier retreat in great spatial and temporal detail in the Ötztaler Alps, a significant glacier area in Austria. Long-term in situ glaciological observations are available for this region, and a multitemporal time series of digital aerial images with a spatial resolution of 20 cm acquired over a period of 10 years exists. Glacier retreat of all 25 glaciers in the region, including the Vernagtferner, was analyzed by investigating glacier extent and surface elevation changes, derived from the aerial images by digital surface model (DSM) generation. Due to different acquisition dates of the large scale photogrammetric surveys and the glaciological data, a correction was established using a dedicated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) survey across the major part of the Vernagtferner. This allowed us to compare the mass balances from geodetic and glaciological techniques, which reveals the potentials of the combination of these two techniques for gaining a better insight into glacier changes and its spatial distribution. The results show a clear increase of glacier mass loss for all glaciers in the region, including the Vernagtferner over the last decade. Additionally, the influence of debris-cover on mass balance, as well as the magnitude of dynamic processes, could be quantified. The comparison of geodetic elevation differences and the interpolated glaciological data reveals that there exists a high potential in detecting local peculiarities of mass balance distribution and for correcting small scale deviations, not revealed in the interpolated glaciological information. The availability of high resolution multi-temporal digital aerial imagery for most of the glaciers in the Alps will provide a more comprehensive and detailed analysis of climate change-induced glacier retreat.

TO THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR TORTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document