scholarly journals Covid-19-induced pulmonary hypertension in children, and the use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
Herlina Dimiati ◽  
Dimas Arya Umara ◽  
Iflan Naufal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Type I ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ◽  
Hypertension In Children ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5 ◽  
Angiotensin Type

Respiratory tract infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first occurred in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and was declared as a pandemic by WHO. The interaction between the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in children is not widely known. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDEI), one class of drugs used to treat PH, including sildenafil, can suppress angiotensin type I (AT-1) receptor expression. Furthermore, it reduces proinflammatory cytokines and infiltrates the alveolar, inhibits endothelial and smooth muscle transition, mesenchymal cells in the pulmonary artery, and prevents clotting and thrombosis complications. Sildenafil has shown positive effects by diverting the blood flow to the lungs in such a way that ventilation is adequate and can also be anti-inflammatory.

scholarly journals The effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on cerebral blood flow in humans: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde MH Pauls ◽  
Barry Moynihan ◽  
Thomas R Barrick ◽  
Christina Kruuse ◽  
Jeremy B Madigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

Agents that augment cerebral blood flow (CBF) could be potential treatments for vascular cognitive impairment. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors are vasodilating drugs established in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) and pulmonary hypertension. We reviewed published data on the effects of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on CBF in adult humans. A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was performed. Embase, Medline and Cochrane Library Trials databases were searched. Sixteen studies with 353 participants in total were retrieved. Studies included healthy volunteers and patients with migraine, ED, type 2 diabetes, stroke, pulmonary hypertension, Becker muscular dystrophy and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Most studies used middle cerebral artery flow velocity to estimate CBF. Few studies employed direct measurements of tissue perfusion. Resting CBF velocity was unaffected by phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, but cerebrovascular regulation was improved in ED, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes, Becker's and a group of healthy volunteers. This evidence suggests that phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors improve responsiveness of the cerebral vasculature, particularly in disease states associated with an impaired endothelial dilatory response. This supports the potential therapeutic use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in vascular cognitive impairment where CBF is reduced. Further studies with better resolution of deep CBF are warranted. The review is registered on the PROSPERO database (registration number CRD42016029668).

scholarly journals Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) Enzyme Activity Is Increased in Lambs with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow and Pulmonary Hypertension

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (4, Part 2 of 2) ◽  
pp. 318A-318A
Author(s):  
Lucienne S Sanchez ◽  
Jeffrey R Fineman ◽  
Andrew J Barry ◽  
Stephen M Black
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

scholarly journals FXR-mediated regulation of angiotensin type 2 receptor expression in vascular smooth muscle cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuhong Zhang ◽  
Fengtian He ◽  
Ramalinga Kuruba ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Annette Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor ◽  
Angiotensin Type

scholarly journals Phenanthrenes from Eulophia macrobulbon as Novel Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prapapan Temkitthawon ◽  
Kanokwan Changwichit ◽  
Nantaka Khorana ◽  
Jarupa Viyoch ◽  
Khanit Suwanborirux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Pde5 Inhibitor ◽  
Pde5 Inhibitors ◽  
New Class ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors can be used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. In order to search for new leads of PDE5 inhibitors, we investigated the chemical constituents of the tubers of Eulophia macrobulbon (E.C. Parish & Rchb. f) Hook. f A new phenanthrene, 9,10-dihydro-4-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-2,5-dimethoxyphenanthrene-1,7-diol (1) and three known phenanthrenes i.e., 1-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-4,8-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol (2), (9,10-dihydro-2,5-dimethoxyphenanthrene-1,7-diol (3) and 1,5,7-trimethoxyphenanthrene-2,6-diol) (4) were isolated. Among these, 2 was the most potent PDE5 inhibitor (IC50 =1.67±0.54 μM) evaluated by the [3H]cGMP radioassay method, whereas 1 showed mild activity (IC50 = 62.3±3.3 μM). Their inhibitory selectivities against PDE5 over PDE6 were also studied. This study suggests phenanthrenes as a new class of PDE5 inhibitors.

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