scholarly journals The Finnish exclusive-negative construction ei…ku(i)n in the network of exclusion expressions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 457-490
Author(s):  
Maria Vilkuna
Keyword(s):  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Focus Particle ◽  
Alternative Option ◽  
Mixed Polarity ◽  
French Grammar ◽  
The Way

Abstract. This paper shows that Finnish has the option of expressing ‘only’-like exclusive meaning with a clausal construction, here called the Exclusive-Negative Construction, ENC. It is similar to the better-known French ne…que construction but differs from it at many points where Finnish and French grammar differ, especially in the way negation is expressed in the two languages. The Finnish ENC contains overt negation, which accounts for its somewhat narrower distribution than the alternative option, the use of the focus particle vain/vaan ‘only’. Adopting the Construction Grammar framework, the paper argues that the ENC is a simple clausal construction with the idiosyncrasy of mixed polarity, a formal division of the clause into a negative and affirmative part. Derivation from an underlying comparative is rejected, but it is shown that the ENC has associations to more explicit ways of expressing exclusion. These conclusions receive support from dialectal and other non-standard data. Kokkuvõte. Maria Vilkuna: Soome keele välistav-eitav konstruktsioon ei...ku(i)n välistust väljendavate keeleliste vahendite võrgustikus. Artiklis näidatakse, et soome keeles võib väljendada välistavat tähendust (nagu ainult) lausekonstruktsiooniga, mida artiklis nimetatakse välistavaks-eitavaks konstruktsiooniks (the Exclusive-Negative Construction, ENC). See sarnaneb prantsuse keele konstruktsiooniga ne...que, ent erineb sellest mitmes aspektis, kus soome ja prantsuse keel üldiseltki erinevad, eriti mis puudutab eituse väljendamise viise kahes keeles. Soome konstruktsioon sisaldab eksplitsiitset eitust, mis seletab seda, miks konstruktsiooni kasutusala on mõnevõrra kitsam kui selle alternatiivil, fookuspartiklil vain/vaan ‘ainult’. Kasutades konstruktsioonigrammatika raamistikku, näidatakse artiklis, et ENC on lausekonstruktsioon, mille eripäraks on kahetine polaarsus: konstruktsioon jaotub vormiliselt eitavaks ja jaatavaks osaks. Väidetakse, et konstruktsioon ei ole tuletatud komparatiivikonstruktsioonist, kuid on seotud eksplitsiitsemalt välistust väljendavate vahenditega. Neid järeldusi toetavad murrete ja muu mittestandardse keelekasutuse andmed.

Language and creativity: a Construction Grammar approach to linguistic creativity

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Evolutionary Adaptation ◽  
Theory Construction ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Explanatory Account ◽  
The Way

AbstractCreativity is an important evolutionary adaptation that allows humans to think original thoughts, to find solutions to problems that have never been encountered before and to fundamentally change the way we live. One particular domain of human cognition that has received considerable attention is linguistic creativity. The present paper discusses how the leading cognitive linguistic theory, Construction Grammar, can provide an explanatory account of creativity that goes beyond the issue of linguistic productivity. At the same time, it also outlines how Construction Grammar can benefit from insights from Conceptual Blending.

Creativity and Construction Grammar: Cognitive and Psychological Issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Evolutionary Adaptation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
The Way

Abstract Creativity is an important evolutionary adaptation that allows humans to think original thoughts, to find solutions to problems that have never been encountered before and, potentially, to fundamentally change the way we live. In this special issue, we explore the cognitive and psychological factors that influence the verbal creativity of speakers.

scholarly journals Personality features ina sample of psychophysiological insomnia patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (3A) ◽  
pp. 588-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Bizari Coin de Carvalho ◽  
Eliane Aversa Lopes ◽  
Luciana Silva ◽  
Marilaine Medeiros de Almeida ◽  
Tatiana Almeida e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rorschach Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Psychophysiological Insomnia ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
The Way

The personality is the way people express themselves inside the environment they live. Sleep, quality or quantity, is a way of this physical and psychological expression of well being. Psychological factors, associated with psychophysiological insomnia (PPI) suggest an exaggerated perception of the difficulties to fall asleep. Worries, anxiety and the fear of not sleeping produce a bad sleep quality or sleep misperception. This study aims to identify personality features associated with PPI throughout Rorschach test (RT). METHOD: We studied 32 patients with PPI (22 women), between 29 and 75 years old. We excluded patients with other sleeping or psychiatric disorders. We analysed the data from PPI patients submitted to the RT and we compared our results with the standard data. RESULTS: We noticed a significant increase in global answers and a significant decrease in detailed answers; a trend of a low number of answers; great number of shape and animal answers, especially for women. CONCLUSION: The features of the PPI patient's personality were daily problems insecure and the incapability to avoid or remove them from their thought, making bedtime a time for worries to appear again and motivate insomnia.

scholarly journals Construction Grammar and the corpus-based analysis of discourses

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-323
Author(s):  
Nicholas Groom
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Research Traditions ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Academic Discourses ◽  
The Way

Abstract Construction grammar (CxG) initially arose as a usage-based alternative to nativist theoretical accounts of language, and remains to this day strongly associated with cognitive linguistic theory and research. In this paper, however, I argue that CxG can be seen as offering an equally viable general framework for socially-oriented linguists whose work focuses on the corpus-based analysis of discourses (CBADs). The paper begins with brief reviews of CxG and CBADs as distinctive research traditions, before going on to identify synergies (both potential and actual) between them. I then offer a more detailed case study example, focusing on a usage-based analysis of a newly identified construction, the WAY IN WHICH construction, as it occurs in corpora representing six different academic discourses. The paper concludes by rebutting some anticipated objections to the approach advocated here, and by proposing a new conceptual model for constructionist approaches to CBADs.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of French and English Auxiliary Verbs

IJOHMN ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Akintoye, Festu Ayodimeji
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Auxiliary Verbs ◽  
The Past ◽  
French And English ◽  
Main Verb ◽  
French Grammar ◽  
The Way

Auxiliary verbs in English and French languages are very germane in constructing sentences in both languages. Therefore, this study examines the way auxiliary verbs are used in English and French Languages; and some features where learners of either language may encounter some difficulties in the course of learning. Our attention is drawn to auxiliary verbs because verb is what that makes any sentence functions the way it is. Verb is one of the most important parts of speech in French grammar and also in English .It is through verb that one knows when an action takes place. When a verb helps another verb to form one of its tenses in a sentence, such verb can be said to be auxiliary. This paper also focuses on auxiliary verbs and how verbs are used in the past and present indications. Auxiliary verbs cannot stand or function alone without relying on the main verb in both English and French languages. Finally, we shall concurrently consider in this paper how semi-auxiliary verbs function as modal auxiliary in French.

The development of the Chinese copula shì construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangqiong Zhan ◽  
Elizabeth Closs Traugott
Keyword(s):  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

Abstract This paper investigates the development of the copula shì construction in Chinese from the perspective of diachronic construction grammar (Traugott & Trousdale 2013). In prior work the development has been conceptualized in a grammaticalization framework, with focus on the individual expression shì, rather than on its development in the context of both the immediate syntactic frame and also of other constructions such as the demonstrative shì construction and the copula wéi construction. We show that the copula shì construction went through various types of expansion and reduction. The change was not unidirectional in the way predicted by a grammaticalization model such as is proposed in e.g. Lehmann (1995, 2004) and Haspelmath (2004).

Other Approaches to Syntax

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jila Ghomeshi
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Linguistic Typology ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Family ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Way

This chapter surveys theoretical approaches to Persian syntax, with an emphasis on more recent work. It begins with a brief discussion of what constitutes a theoretical, as opposed to descriptive, approach, and proceeds with a look at Linguistic Typology, Construction Grammar, and Cognitive, Functionalist, and Corpus approaches. At the end of the chapter, formal approaches such as RRG, HPSG, and LFG are touched upon as well as formal generative work prior to Minimalism, which is covered in the previous chapter. The discussion in each case is intended to showcase the way in which aspects of Persian syntax have been addressed. The advantages to considering Persian both in a historical context and within the family of other Iranian languages is highlighted, and a number of distinctive constructions within the language are discussed in light of how they have been treated within the literature.

scholarly journals Interview with Paul Kay

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Tiago Torrent
Keyword(s):  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Emeritus Professor ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The University ◽  
The Way

<p>Paul Kay was one of the founders of the Construction Grammar. Together with the late Charles Fillmore, Paul Kay was responsible for shaping distinguishing aspects of constructionist approaches to grammar. In this interview, this history is revisited, and key aspects of linguistic theory - such as generativism and formalism - are discussed. The Emeritus Professor of Linguistics at the University of California also discusses the turn of Berkeley Construction Grammar towards Sign-Based Construction Grammar. Paul Kay’s answers to the following questions couldn’t be more in tune with the theory he helped create: beyond simplistic distinctions, he sheds light on both the more general features of Construction Grammar and on the equally relevant peripheral anecdotes that paved the way for the development of the field in the last three decades.</p><p>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p><p>ENTREVISTA COM PAUL KAY</p><p>Paul Kay foi um dos fundadores da Gramática da Construção. Juntamente com Charles Fillmore, Paul Kay foi responsável por moldar os aspectos distintivos das abordagens construcionistas da gramática. Nesta entrevista, essa história é revisitada, e aspectos-chave da teoria linguística - como o gerativismo e o formalismo - são discutidos. O professor emérito de linguística da Universidade da Califórnia também discute a virada da Gramática de Construção de Berkeley para a Gramática da Construção Baseada em Sinais. As respostas de Paul Kay para as seguintes perguntas não poderiam estar mais em sintonia com a teoria que ele ajudou a criar: além das distinções simplistas, ele esclarece as características mais gerais da Gramática da Construção e as anedotas periféricas igualmente relevantes que abriram o caminho para a desenvolvimento do campo nas últimas três décadas.</p><p>---</p><p>Orignal em inglês.</p>

Construction grammar and creativity: Evolution, psychology, and cognitive science

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Evolutionary Adaptation ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Present Issue ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
Interdisciplinary Perspective ◽  
Cognitive Literary Studies ◽  
The Way

AbstractCreativity is an important evolutionary adaptation that allows humans to think original thoughts, to find solutions to problems that have never been encountered before, and to fundamentally change the way we live. Recently, one important area of creativity, namely verbal creativity, has attracted considerable interest from constructionist approaches to language. The present issue builds on this emerging field of study and adds an interdisciplinary perspective to it by also presenting the view from cognitive literary studies as well as psychology. First, however, this introduction surveys the recent issues arising in constructionist studies of verbal creativity.

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