scholarly journals Metrical Positions and their Linguistic Realisations in Old Germanic Metres: A Typological Overview

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
The Other ◽  
Old Norse ◽  
Old Saxon ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Common Scale ◽  
The Common ◽  
Linguistic Alignment ◽  
The One ◽  
Linguistic Material

This paper provides a typological account of Old Germanic metre by investigating its parametric variations that largely determine the metrical identities of the Old English Beowulf, the Old Saxon Heliand, and Old Norse eddic poetry (composed in fornyrðislag, málaháttr, or ljóðaháttr). The primary parameters to be explored here are the principle of four metrical positions per verse and the differing ways in which these constituent positions are aligned to linguistic material. On the one hand, the four-position principle works with a maximal strictness in Beowulf, and to a slightly lesser extent in fornyrðislag, whereas it allows for a wider range of deviations in verse size in the Heliand and ljóðaháttr. In málaháttr, however, the principle in itself gives way to the five-position counterpart. On the other hand, the variation in the metrical– linguistic alignment in the three close cognate metres may be generalised by positing the common scale, Heliand > Beowulf > fornyrðislag, for the decreasing likelihood of resolution, the increasing likelihood of suspending resolution, and the decreasing size of the drop.

The Rubicon of Language

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Lecourt
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Racial Identities ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Max Müller ◽  
The Common ◽  
Human Capacity ◽  
The One ◽  
Religious Differences

This chapter considers a series of formative debates in British anthropology from the 1840s through the 1860s and uses them to map out the two dominant constructions of religion whose politics the subsequent authors in this study would reinvent. It describes, on the one hand, a liberal and evangelical construction of religion as the common human capacity for spiritual cultivation, and on the other hand a conservative, reactionary model that interpreted religious differences as the expressions of fixed racial identities that neither civilization nor Christianization could erase. In the work of the Oxford philologist F. Max Müller we see how the former model tended to associate religion above all with language. But we can also see the subtle forms of determinism that it contained—an ambiguity that Arnold, Pater, Eliot, and Lang would explore by picturing racialized religion as a resource for liberal self-cultivation.

scholarly journals Rethinking Hijab in Contemporary Indonesia: A Study of Hijab Community “Tuneeca Lover Community”

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Wardah Nuroniyah
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Veil ◽  
The One ◽  
Common Perception

Hijab (veil) for female Muslims has been subject to a debate regarding its meanings. On the one hand, it represents the virtue of religious obedience and piety. Still, on the other hand, it is associated with the form of women oppressions in the public domain. At this point, the hijab has been an arena of contesting interpretations. Meanwhile, contemporary Indonesia is witnessing the increase in the use of veil among urban female Muslims that leads to the birth of various hijab wearer communities. One of them is Tuneeca Lover Community (TLC). This community has become a new sphere where female Muslims articulate their ideas about Islam through various activities such as religious gathering, hijab tutorial class, fashion show, and charity activities. This study seeks to answer several questions: Why do these women decide to wear a hijab? Why do they join the TLC? How do they perceive the veil? Is it related to religious doctrines or other factors such as lifestyle? This research employs a qualitative method using documentation and interview to gather the data among 150 members of the TLC.  This research shows that their understanding of the hijab results from the common perception that places the veil as a religious obligation. Nevertheless, each of the members has one's orientation over the hijab. This paper also suggests that they try to transform this understanding into modern settings. As a consequence, they are not only committed to the traditionally spiritual meaning of the hijab but are also nuanced with modern ideas such as lifestyle and particular social class. Their participation in the TLC enables them to reach both goals simultaneously.

The Letter of Recommendation as Strange Work

PMLA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 954-962
Author(s):  
Margaret Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Free Lunch ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Gift ◽  
English Major ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One ◽  
Gift Certificate ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Made In

On the one hand, the gift presents itself as a radical Other of the commodity—and therefore also of work, insofar as the latter is understood as an investment of time and energy made in the expectation of wages or profit. On the other hand, the idea of the gift seems constantly to be drawn back under the horizon of rational exchange, and to be thus endlessly re-revealed as a secret ally of both work and the Work.—Scott Cutler Shershow, The Work and the GiftI have put together all these details to convince you that this recommendation of mine is something out of the common.Quae ego omnia collegi, ut intellegeres non vulgarem esse commendationem hanc meam.—Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares, book 13LAST FALL I FOUND IN MY OFFICE MAILBOX AN ENVELOPE FROM A SOPHOMORE ENGLISH MAJOR WHO HAD ASKED ME DURING THE SUMMER for a last-minute letter of recommendation for a scholarship competition. The envelope contained a handwritten thank-you note—and a gift certificate for a local restaurant. I e-mailed the student to thank her and to tell her that I couldn't accept the gift certificate since the letter I had written for her was part of my job as a teacher. She insisted; I insisted. She said that several teachers had turned her down before I agreed (from a hotel in Germany) to write for her. I felt rueful, as well as grateful to her for the token of gratitude that I couldn't accept. Eventually she won the debate: I accepted the printed piece of paper and took my daughters out to a free lunch.

scholarly journals Immigration, Humanity, and Morality

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday Adeniyi Fasoro
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Common Ownership ◽  
Vulnerable People ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

AbstractThe trend toward the concept of humanity in political theory has arisen largely as a reaction against the mistreatment of vulnerable people such as immigrants. The issue of immigrants’ vulnerability has led political thinkers to ponder on how to apply the principle of humanity to the question of the treatment of immigrants. I would like to address this matter by examining two questions: what is humanity, is it a value property, or a virtue? Does it really matter if the means by which an immigrant immigrates is demeaning to his own humanity as a person? The most common or intuitive reply to these questions would probably be: ‘humanity’ is simply a value-bestowing property, so regardless of immigrants’ actions they are owed respectful treatment. The aim of this paper is to emphasise instead that ‘humanity’ should be conceived as a virtue of actual commitment to act on moral principles. I explore three different meanings of humanity. First, I discuss ‘humanity’ as the common ownership of the earth. Second, I discuss ‘humanity’ as a value property. Third, I discuss humanity as a virtue of acting, on the one hand, with humanity, and on the other hand, on moral principles.

scholarly journals Notes on the Marine Oligochæta of Plymouth

1889 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank E. Beddard
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
The Other ◽  
Red River ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Common ◽  
Marine Oligochaeta ◽  
The One

The Oligochæta form a division of the Annelida, of which the most familiar type is the common earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris); the group comprises also a great number of smaller worms, which are for the most part inhabitants of ponds and streams, such as the red River worm (Tubifex rivulorum). The Oligochæta were at one time believed to be entirely terrestrial or inhabitants of fresh water, and to be distinguished thus from the Polychæta, which were supposed to be exclusively marine in their habitat. Although the progress of research has not broken down the structural distinctions between these two divisions of the Annelida chætopoda, it has been provedthat no absolute line of demarcation can be drawn between the Oligochæta and the Polychæta as regards their habitat; on the one hand Polychæta have been found in fresh water, and, on the other hand, certain species of Oligochæta are now known to inhabit the mud and gravel of the seashore.

scholarly journals Reification and immaterial production

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-702
Author(s):  
Dimitris Gakis
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Social Relation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Symbolic Language ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Commodity Fetishism ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hardt And Negri ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

Reification, a central theme in radical social/political theory from the 1920s onward, has started falling out of fashion since the 1970s, a period when a number of crucial alterations in the composition of capital and labour start taking place, for example, the tendential hegemony of immaterial/biopolitical labour. The main goal of this article is to discuss reification in light of contemporary changes in the shape of capitalism such as the above. After discussing the relation between reification, alienation and commodity fetishism, I highlight, largely following Hardt and Negri, how reification under the hegemony of immaterial/biopolitical production is, on the one hand, intensified and, on the other hand, (potentially) easier to diagnose, diminish or overcome, due to the increasing emergence of the common as a social relation antagonistic to capital. The article concludes with a note on Wittgenstein and the critique of reification of the symbolic (language) and the ‘inner’ (affects) as the new extended terrain of struggle.

Owner-manager motives and the growth of SMEs in developing countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nsubili Isaga ◽  
Enno Masurel ◽  
Kees Van Montfort
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Common Opinion ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

Purpose – This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of the motives of individuals in Tanzania to start their own businesses on the one hand and the growth of their firms on the other hand. Design/methodology/approach – A survey method was used to gather data from 300 small business owners and managers located in selected cities in Tanzania. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyse the relationship between the motivation to start an own business on the one hand and firm growth on the other hand. Three indicators for growth, namely, employment, sales and assets, were used to measure growth. Findings – The results suggest that that pull factors are more important to start the businesses than push factors. This contradicts the common opinion and previous research that push factors are more important than pull factors in developing countries. Furthermore, the study found that pull factors are positively related to firm, whereas push factors are negatively related to firm growth. Research limitations/implications – It should be noted that while this paper makes a number of contributions, there are some limitations that should be considered when interpreting the results. For instance, the data for this study were collected from only one type of business, i.e. the furniture industry (in Tanzania). Accordingly, we do not know the applicability of these findings to other businesses in other sectors. Therefore, future research should include businesses in other sectors to ascertain if the present findings are specific to the furniture business only or are applicable to other businesses as well. Practical implications – Our findings indicate that there are differences in motivations among owner-managers in starting the business and subsequent firm performance. Therefore, individuals need different forms of support depending on the level of development of their business, as well as their motivation. For example, we have seen that the presence of role models has a significant effect on business growth. Therefore, the government might consider using the media and other mechanisms to feature stories about successful entrepreneurs. Originality/value – The authors extend the findings of previous studies that investigate the owner-manager motives and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) growth in developed economy settings, but neglected emerging economies. The study also contradicts the common opinion and previous research that push factors are more important than pull factors in developing countries.

The Promoting and the Financing of the Suez Canal

1956 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Baer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
World History ◽  
Suez Canal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One ◽  
Professional Fields

This timely account of the hunching of the Suez Canal project reveals both sides of the coin of innovation. It is, on the one hand, a study of the character and methods of one of the most famous innovators of the nineteenth century. Ferdinand DeLesseps was not a politician, a financier, an engineer, a promoter (in the common sense of the word), or a businessman. Yet he succeeded brilliantly in a venture requiring consummate mastery of all these professional fields. On the other hand is revealed the waterway itself — vital to one civilization, useless and neglected in another, and then of transcendent importance as world history marched on. Realization of the grand scheme envisaged by the Pharaohs came at last when economic and political factors momentarily aligned in a pattern of opportunity for a unique set of entrepreneurial qualifications.

scholarly journals Salafi’s Da’wah and the Phenomenon of Religious Piety among Hijrah Artists

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-249
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zaenuri ◽  
Habibie Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Common Term ◽  
Religious Piety ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

In the last decade, along with the huge social media, religious piety among national celebrities has increased dramatically. This trend is characterized by the emergence of a number of artists with traditional Islamic-Salafi fashion community. Trousers above the ankle, bushy beards, thin mustaches, women's veils and the common term of akhi and ukhti, as well as many other anomalies. Salafi da’wa is, on the one hand, a condensed way of da’wa (not much by fiqh logic). His opinions concentrated more on the actual understanding of the Quran and the Sunnah. But, on the other hand, a lot of artists who are typically middle-class, educated and rationalist suit the community. This article seeks to address the question of why the phenomenon of religious piety of artists is more in line with the trend of the Salafi communities? Phenomenological descriptive methodology is the analysis tool used. To address the above question, the author presents the paradigm of Benford and Snow da’wa. The results of this study reveal that the Salaf da’wa was able to frame its da'wah concepts in accordance with reason, Islamic, modern standards, and to respond to the demands of the Ummah in such a way that many artists followed.

scholarly journals Християнство, мистицизъм, безверие: Иван Грозев и Николай Райнов

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Елена [Elena] Азманова-Рударска [Azmanova-Rudarska]
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Source Material ◽  
The Other ◽  
Orthodox Christianity ◽  
Intellectual Elite ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Sign ◽  
The One ◽  
First Words

Christianity, Mysticism, Infidelity: Ivan Grozev and Nikolay RaуnovThis article follows the personal and artistic relations between two famous Bulgarian poets and mystics, Ivan Grozev and Nikolay Raynov. Before 1944, the lives of both passed under the common sign of Orthodox Christianity, spiritualism, Theosophy, and Freemasonry. A separation took place after 1944, when Raynov rejected all forms of religiosity. At first, their relationship was good, but later it came into sharp conflict. The first words of criticism were spoken by Grozev, concerning Raynov’s translation of Thus Spoke Zarathustra by Nietzsche. The further polemics, on the one hand, had a significant impact on some of the intellectual elite in Bulgaria; on the other hand, they illustrate the changing attitude of both writers to religiosity. The source material is archives, memoirs and autobiographies, which reveal the dialogicality in Bulgarian literature in the first half of the 20th century. Chrześcijaństwo, mistycyzm, niewiara. Iwan Grozew i Nikołaj RajnowArtykuł jest poświęcony osobistym i artystycznym relacjom między dwoma słynnymi bułgarskimi poetami i mistykami, Iwanem Grozewem i Nikołajem Rajnowem. Przed rokiem 1944 życie obu upływa pod wspólnym znakiem kolejno: ortodoksyjnego chrześcijaństwa, spirytyzmu, teozofii i wolnomularstwa. Do rozdziału dochodzi po 1944 roku, kiedy Rajnow odrzuca wszelkie formy religijności. Na początku ich wzajemny stosunek jest pozytywny, ale z czasem dochodzi do ostrych sporów. Pierwsze słowa krytyki wypowiada Grozew. Sprawa dotyczy przekładu Rajnowa Tako rzecze Zaratustra Friedricha Nietzschego. Dalsza polemika z jednej strony ma istotny wpływ na część elit intelektualnych w Bułgarii, z drugiej – ilustruje zmieniający się stosunek obu pisarzy do religijności. Materiał źródłowy stanowią archiwa, wspomnienia i autobiografie. Odsłaniają one dialogiczność w bułgarskiej literaturze w pierwszej połowie XX wieku.

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