Disorders of the anxiety-depressive spectrum in patients with rheumatic diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
A. Fleyshman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Clinical Psychologist ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Anxiety and depressive disorders play an important role not only as independent diseases, but also as conditions that occur against the background of other somatic diseases. In the practice of a rheumatologist, patients with anxiety and depression are a frequent occurrence. In patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, anxiety and depressive disorders are 7-15 times more common than in the general population. The main cause of depression in rheumatology is the presence of severe and chronic pain. Studies show that in patients with rheumatic diseases, as a rule, the following disorders of the anxiety-depressive spectrum of RTDS are detected: depressive episodes of various severity with concomitant anxiety, dysthymia, generalized anxiety disorder. Taking into account the peculiarities of diseases, the supervision of patients with anxiety and depressive disorders should be carried out by several specialists, namely a rheumatologist, a psychiatrist, a clinical psychologist. Therapy of anxiety and depressive disorders, in addition to drugs aimed at the main rheumatic disease, must also include drugs with antidepressant and anxiolytic properties (neuroleptics, antidepressants).

scholarly journals The diagnosis and therapy of comorbid anxiety and depression disorders in clinical practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
N. N. Petrova ◽  
K. S. Savickaya
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Depression Disorders

Objective: to discuss problems of diagnostics and psychopharmacotherapy of associated depressive disorders and anxiety circle disorders.Material and methods. The article is an analysis of a clinical case with the use of clinical and catamnestic method.Results. Diagnostics of Generalized Anxiety Disorder, issues of its comorbidity with other mental disorders including anxiety and depressive disorders are discussed. The principles of panic disorder diagnosis are analyzed. Diagnostic criteria of associated anxiety and depression in ICD-10, DSM-5 and ICD-11 are considered. Modern approaches to the choice of therapeutic tactics in comorbidal anxiety and depression are given. The analysis of the patient’s treatment is carried out with the justification of the choice of drugs. The possibilities of combined therapy of associated anxiety and depression disorders using vortioxetine are demonstrated. Achievement of qualitative remission of mental disorder without residual symptomatology and full restoration of social functioning of the patient with associated depressive and anxious disorders is shown.Conclusion. The clinical case demonstrates a characteristic chronic fluctuating course of GTR both in combination with different depths of depression and with other anxiety disorders (panic attacks). Diagnostic difficulties and therapeutic possibilities of a patient with double diagnosis: Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Depressive Episode have been analyzed.

The French Version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) in a Nonclinical Sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Bouvard ◽  
Anne Denis ◽  
Jean-Luc Roulin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
French Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This article investigates the psychometric properties of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). A group of 704 adolescents completed the questionnaires in their classrooms. This study examines potential confirmatory factor analysis factor models of the RCADS as well as the relationships between the RCADS and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-Revised (SCARED-R). A subsample of 595 adolescents also completed an anxiety questionnaire (Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised, FSSC-R) and a depression questionnaire (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, CES-D). Confirmatory factor analysis of the RCADS suggests that the 6-factor model reasonably fits the data. All subscales were positively intercorrelated, with rs varying between .48 (generalized anxiety disorder-major depression disorder) and .65 (generalized anxiety disorder-social phobia/obsessive-compulsive disorder). The RCADS total score and all the RCADS scales were found to have good internal consistency (> .70). The correlations between the RCADS subscales and their SCARED-R counterparts are generally substantial. Convergent validity was found with the FSSC-R and the CES-D. The study included normal adolescents aged 10 to 19. Therefore, the findings cannot be extended to children under 10, nor to a clinical population. Altogether, the French version of the RCADS showed reasonable psychometric properties.

The Relationship between Life Events and Personality Style to the Development of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noga Oschry-Bernstein ◽  
Netta Horesh-Reinman ◽  
Adar Avnon ◽  
Tomer Mevorach ◽  
Alan Apter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Early Trauma

Background:: The separateness of anxiety disorder and depressive disorder as two distinct disorders is often questioned. The aim of the current study is to examine whether there is a different profile of life events and personality characteristics for anxiety and depression disorders in adolescents. Methods:: One hundred forty-six adolescents participated in the study, 57 boys and 89 girls, ranging in age from 11-18 years (mean=15.08+1.97). The study group included 92 adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of depression or anxiety, and the comparison group included 54 teenagers with no known psychopathology. Results:: Multinomial logistic regression produced different predictive profiles for anxiety disorder and for depressive disorders. Life event variables, especially minor life events and early traumas, were found to be predictors for depression. Furthermore, interaction was found between early trauma and minor life events in the prediction of depression, such that the existence of trauma weakened the statistical correlation between minor life events and the onset of depression. In addition, contrary to the literature regarding adults, it was found that during adolescence personality variables have a unique contribution as predictive factors for vulnerability to the onset of anxiety and depression, thus reducing the significance of life events. Conclusion:: Our findings suggest that different profile of life events and personality characteristics can be identified for the two disorders. In addition, it appears that early traumas are a dominant factor that overshadows more recent life events at the onset of depression among adolescents.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Anxiety and Depression in Youth With Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia J Scott ◽  
Louise Sharpe ◽  
Max Loomes ◽  
Milena Gandy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an estimate of the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in youth with epilepsy (YWE). It also aimed to calculate the overall magnitude of observed differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms reported by YWE compared with healthy controls and investigate whether any factors moderated anxiety and depression outcomes in YWE. Methods Following prospective registration, electronic databases were searched up until October 2018. Studies were included if they reported on the rate of anxiety or depression in samples of YWE, and/or if they used valid measures of anxious or depressive symptomatology in YWE compared with a healthy control sample. Results Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria. The overall pooled prevalence of anxiety disorders in YWE was 18.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.0%–28.5%), and for depression the pooled prevalence was 13.5% (95% CI 8.8%–20.2%). In samples of YWE compared with healthy controls, significantly higher anxiety (d = 0.57, 95% CI 0.32–0.83, p < .000) and depressive (d = 0.42, 95% CI 0.16–0.68, p < .000) symptomatology was reported. Conclusions YWE report anxiety and depressive disorders and symptoms to a significantly higher degree than youth without epilepsy. There is also evidence that certain anxiety disorders (e.g. generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder) are particularly elevated, perhaps reflecting the unique impact of epilepsy on youth psychopathology. Research is needed to understand the risk factors associated with anxiety and depressive disorders in epilepsy, and better understand how these symptoms change across development.

Uncomplicated Depression as Normal Sadness

2016 ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Jerome C. Wakefield ◽  
Allan V. Horwitz ◽  
Lorenzo Lorenzo-Luaces
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressive Episodes

About half of all individuals meet the criteria for DSM-defined major depressive disorder (MDD) by the age of 30. These and other considerations suggest that MDD criteria are too inclusive and apply to individuals who are not ill but are experiencing normal sadness. This chapter reviews a research program that attempts to address this issue by examining “uncomplicated depression,” a subcategory of MDD that is hypothesized to consist of false positive diagnoses in which normal sadness is misdiagnosed as MDD. Data on uncomplicated depression suggest that many individuals who currently meet the DSM criteria for MDD are at no greater risk for subsequent depressive episodes, attempting suicide, or development of generalized anxiety disorder than members of the general population. These data suggest that uncomplicated depression is normal sadness, not major depression, and should not be diagnosed as disordered. They thus indicate that current DSM criteria for MDD are overly inclusive.

scholarly journals The role of sex and gender in the changing levels of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110629
Author(s):  
Hoda Seens ◽  
Shirin Modarresi ◽  
James Fraser ◽  
Joy C MacDermid ◽  
David M Walton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
And Gender

Background: Several studies have assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression, but have not focused on the role of sex and gender. This study compared changes in the levels of anxiety and depression (pre- and post-COVID) experienced by individuals of various sexes and genders. Methods: We used a cross-sectional online survey that assessed pre- and post-COVID symptoms of anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). General linear modeling (fixed model factorial analysis of variance) was used to evaluate changes in anxiety and depression between pre- and post-pandemic periods and explore differential effects of sex and gender on those changes. Results: Our study included 1847 participants from 43 countries and demonstrated a percentage increase of 57.1% and 74.2% in anxiety and depression, respectively. For the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 scale (maximum score 6), there was a mean increase in anxiety by sex for male, female, and other of 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4, respectively; and by gender for man, woman, and others of 0.9, 1.3, and 1.6, respectively. For the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (maximum score 27), there was a mean increase in depressive symptoms by sex for male, female, and other of 3.6, 4.7, and 5.5 respectively; and by gender for man, woman, and others of 3.3, 4.8, and 6.5, respectively. Conclusion: During COVID-19, there was an increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms for all sexes and genders, with the greatest increases reported by those identifying as non-male and non-men.

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