scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF SOME PARAMETERS OF DRIP IRRIGATION BY HYDRAULIC EVALUATION OF DROPPERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ахмед Абделфаттах ◽  
Ahmed Abdelfattah ◽  
Борис Иванов ◽  
Boris Ivanov ◽  
Булат Зиганшин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Type A ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Main Pipe ◽  
Pressure Compensation

The results of laboratory studies of the proposed drip irrigation system are given. Five different types of droppers have been investigated to quantify the hydraulic characteristics. The dependences of the uniformity of water flow through droppers with a change in the working pressure in the system are obtained. Laboratory studies of the experimental facility were carried out at the training and demonstration center of Kazan State Agrarian University. The experimental installation consists of a storage tank, a submersible pump, five P.V.C. main pipes with a length of 3 m and a diameter of 16 mm, stop valves of a drip line, pressure gauges, a main stop valve, a collector line, a return line, and droppers. Before starting the experiments, air was removed from the system and pressure at the inlet to each main pipe was adjusted to the required value. Immediately under each drip, 500 ml volumetric containers were placed to determine the volume of leaked water in two minutes. Significant uniformity of water consumption and the smallest deviations from the specified nominal flow rate were achieved with type A and C droppers (with pressure compensation) at an operating pressure of 0.2 MPa; with type B droppers (also with pressure compensation), water flow uniformity decreased with increasing pressure. The results of the research show that pressure-compensated droppers are less sensitive to pressure changes with an operating pressure of 0.35 MPa. Water consumption (q) for type A droppers increased by 5.27%, B - by 27.3% and C - by 9.1%. Dropper type D and E have the lowest uniformity of water flow at different pressure levels. Under actual irrigation conditions, it is recommended to install pressure gauges not only in the collector line, but also on the main pipes (preferably at the end of each main pipe) to determine the differential and pressure losses in the system.

ESTIMATION OF CONSUMPTIVE USE OF POTATO CROP PIANTED UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM BY USING SWRT TECHNOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
J.N. Abedalrahman ◽  
R.J. Mansor ◽  
D.R. Abass
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Spring Season

A field experiment was carried out in the field of the College of Agriculture / University of Wasit, located on longitude  45o   50o   33.5o   East and latitude 32o 29o 49.8o North, in Spring season of the agricultural season 2019, in order to estimate the water consumption of potato crop using SWRT technology and under the drip irrigation system. The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and four treatments that include of the SWRT treatment (the use of plastic films under the plant root area in an engineering style), and the treatment of vegetal fertilizer (using Petmos), organic fertilizer (sheep manure), and the control treatment . Potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.)  var. Burin was planted for spring season on 10/2/2019 at the soil depth of 5-10 cm. The highest reference water consumption for the potato crop during the season was calculated by Najeeb Kharufa, which was 663.03 mm. The highest actual water consumption for the potato crop during the season for the control treatment was 410.1 mm. The results showed increase in the values of the crop coefficient (Kc) in the stages of tubers formation and tubers filling stage as compared to the vegetative and ripening stages, ranged from 1.37-1.92 for the two stages of tubers formation and tubers filling. The SWRT treatment gave the highest water use efficiency during the season, was 3.46 kg m-3 .

Influence of operating pressure on emitter anti-clogging performance of drip irrigation system with high-sediment water

2019 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 174-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyuan Liu ◽  
Yang Xiao ◽  
Yunkai Li ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Ji Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
High Sediment

scholarly journals PERDA DE CARGA EM FITAS GOTEJADORAS COM EMISSORES MOLDADOS

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Verônica Gaspar Martins Leite de Melo ◽  
Leonardo Leite de Melo ◽  
José Antônio Frizzone ◽  
Antônio Pires de Camargo ◽  
Patricia Angélica Alves Marques
Keyword(s):  
Friction Factor ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Pipe Inlet

PERDA DE CARGA EM FITAS GOTEJADORAS COM EMISSORES MOLDADOS     VERÔNICA GASPAR MARTINS LEITE DE MELO1; LEONARDO LEITE DE MELO2; JOSÉ ANTÔNIO FRIZZONE3; antônio pires de camargo4 E patricia algélica alves marques5   1 Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícola, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádias, 11, São Dimas, CEP13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícola, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádias, 11, São Dimas, CEP13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 3 Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícola, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádias, 11, São Dimas, CEP13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 4 Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola – UNICAMP, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Cidade Universitária, CEP 13083 - 875, Campinas, SP, e-mail: [email protected] 5 Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícola, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádias, 11, São Dimas, CEP13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Embora as fitas gotejadoras sejam de baixo custo, é importante que esse material seja avaliado hidraulicamente para prover informações técnicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a perda contínua de carga e o fator de atrito em uma fita gotejadora com emissor moldado em seu interior. O experimento foi conduzido no laboratório de irrigação da ESALQ/USP. Utilizou-se a fita gotejadora Rain-Tape® fabricada pela Rain Bird®, espessura de parede de 225 µm e emissores tipo labirinto, espaçados de 0,30 m, vazão nominal de 1 L h-1 e pressão de serviço de 55 kPa. A equação de perda de carga para regime de escoamento turbulento liso em função da vazão e da carga de pressão na entrada da fita apresenta boa habilidade para estimar a perda de carga em fitas gotejadoras com emissores moldados, sendo que 95% das estimativas apresentaram erro relativo de até 6,71%. A equação de Darcy-Weisbach pode ser utilizada para o cálculo da perda de carga desde que o diâmetro seja substituído por uma função da pressão de entrada. Para o cálculo da perda de carga, utilizando a equação de Darcy-Weisbach, o fator de atrito calculado pela equação de Blasius deve considerar um coeficiente a = 0,3408.   Palavras-chave: irrigação por gotejamento, perda de carga por atrito, fator de atrito     MELO, V. G. M. L. de; MELO, L. M. de; FRIZZONE, J. A.; CAMARGO, A. P. de; MARQUES, P. A. A. HEAD LOSS IN DRIP TAPES WITH MOLDED EMITTERS     2 ABSTRACT   Although drip tapes are low-cost equipment, proper hydraulic evaluation is important to provide information required for irrigation system design. The aim of this study was to analyze the friction head loss and the friction factor in drip tapes with molded emitters, that are employed in drip irrigation systems. Experiments evaluated the drip tape model Rain-Tape®, manufactured by Rain Bird, 225-µm wall thickness, labyrinth-type emitters, 0.30-m emitters spacing, 1 L h-1 nominal discharge and operating pressure of 55 kPa. The following conclusions were obtained: (a) the equation of head loss for smooth turbulent flow as a function of flow rate and pressure head at the pipe inlet provided good predictions of head loss in drip tapes with molded emitters, since 95% of predictions presented relative errors less than 6.71%; (b) the Darcy-Weisbach equation may be used for calculating head loss, but the pipe diameter must be replaced by a function considering the lateral inlet pressure; (c) for calculating head loss of the Rain-Tape using the Darcy-Weisbach equation, the friction factor obtained by the Blasius equation should use the coefficient a = 0.3408.   Keywords: drip irrigation, frictional head loss, friction coefficient

scholarly journals Performance of Disc, Conventional and Automatic Screen Filters Under Rainbow Trout Fish Farm Effluent for Drip Irrigation System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abed Mohammad Hasani ◽  
Saman Nikmehr ◽  
Eisa Maroufpoor ◽  
younes Aminpour ◽  
Jaume Puig Bargués
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Difference

Abstract This study aims to investigate the performance of disc, conventional screen, and automatic screen filters when rainbow trout fish effluent is used for irrigation. The experiments were performed in a fish farm, located in the north-west of Iran. The disc and conventional screen filters were tested at pressures of 150 and 300 kPa, and the automatic screen filter at 200 and 300 kPa. The filtration experiments continued until the backwashing was reached. The results showed that (1) the initial head loss of disc and conventional screen filters was 40 kPa, while for the automatic screen filter was 5 kPa. (2) In the disc filter, with increasing working pressure, the filtered volume significantly (P<0.05) increased from 9.7 to 14.5 m3 m-2 (10 kPa)-1, but for conventional and automatic screen filters, it was constant at 5.5 and 7.0 m3 m-2 (10 kPa)-1, respectively, and all of them had significant (P<0.05) differences. (3) In the disc filter, with increasing the working pressure, the filtered volume to reach backwashing significantly (P<0.01) increased from 80.9 to 104.4 m3 m-2, while in the conventional screen filter increased from 14.1 to 16.4 m3 m-2. This volume at two working pressures was 29.5 m3 m-2 for the automatic screen filter. These volumes were significantly different (P<0.01) between filters. (4) The mass retention for the disc, conventional, and automatic screen filters were 28.88, 9.11, and 7.72 g min-1 m-2, respectively and tended to increase at lower working pressures. Based on this index, the difference in the performance of the filters was significant (P<0.01). (5) Overall, the best performance was for the disc filter, and after that was the automatic screen filters, but the period of time to operate for the filters until backwashing time was less than half an hour, which is not applicable under farm conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of pipe type and Emitters discharge on performance criteria of surface drip irrigation system

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
B A AL-Dulaimi ◽  
Sh M AL-Mehmdy
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Design Discharge ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

Abstract A field experiment was conducted in Jazeerah Al-Ramadi/Al-Hamidiyah research station (latitude33^o 27^’ 〖 11.9 〗 ^(՚՚)N, longitude 43^o 23^’ ^(՚՚) E (duration 2020. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of pipe types and emitters discharge on performance criteria of surface drip irrigation system. Therefore, a two factorial experiment was set as randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor included the type of pipes and emitters, namely Turbo, GR and T-Tape. While the second factor involved the emitters discharge which consist of two levels i.e., 4 (D4) and 8 (D8) L.h-1. The irrigation system was initially evaluated in the field before planting by testing three operating pressures (50, 100 and 150 Kpa) to determine the actual discharge of the emitters closed to their design discharge (4 and 8 L.h-1) for each emitter to calculate the manufacturing coefficient of variation (CV), distribution uniformity and the discharge variation ratio at each operating pressure. Results showed that the best discharge (Closed to design discharge of 4 L.h-1) was obtained at the 50 Kpa operating pressure which gave 3.99,3.90 and 3.81 L.h-1 when using the T-Tape pipe and GR and Turbo emitter compare when the discharge of 8L.h-1 has been used which gave 7.96, 7.84 and 7.59 L.h-1 when the former pipe and emitters were used. The best coefficient of variation was observed when the T-Tape pipe and GR and Turbo emitter were used with discharge of 4 L.h-1 up to 0.1300, 0.2200 and 0.2600 compare to 0.1300, 0.2700 and 0.3500 when the same former pipe and emitters were used with discharge of 8L. h-1. Similarly, the best distribution uniformity was obtained when the T-Tape pipe and GR and Turbo emitter has been used with discharge of 4 L.h-1 which gave 94.68, 91.74 and 90%. Likewise, the most acceptable variety discharge ratio was observed when the same prior pipe and emitters were used with discharge of 4 L.h-1 by giving 7.23, 11.90 and 12.19 %.

scholarly journals Validation of Aqua Crop 5.0 Model for Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Crop at Madakasira Region, Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
P. Sivamma ◽  
N. Naga Hari Sairam ◽  
G. Raghavendra ◽  
M. Muralee Krishna ◽  
S. V. Swapna Priya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Average Water

Crop simulation models were developed to estimate the effects of soil, water, nutrients on grain and biomass productivity and water consumption in different crops. In this study, the Aquacrop model was adopted to predict the volume of water consumed by crops in the Madakasira region, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh. The culture of okra was selected for the study, using two irrigation methods: flood and drip. The model estimated the productivity of the crop and the amount of water needed for drip irrigation and flooding in that crop. the results were compared with field productivity, and their respective water requirements, and demonstrated yields of 4.3 t / ha in the flood irrigation system, with average water consumption of 326.6 mm / day, and in the field these values ​​were 3.5 t / ha average water consumption of 386 mm / day. And when using the drip irrigation system, the results obtained were: 5.2 t / ha with water consumption in the order of 320 mm / day, in comparison to the field crop that was 4.3 t / ha, consumption water of 300 mm / day. From the results, it was clear that the model simulates the real conditions of the culture. The cost-benefit ratio was made for experimental field data that clearly show that the yield of the crop under drip irrigation has reached the highest cost-benefit ratio. Therefore, the Aquacrop model was adequate to simulate the conditions of the crop in any circumstances.

Features of growing corn for grain with drip irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Nina Karpenko ◽  
Daulet Egemberdiev ◽  
Indira Kudaybergenova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Fodder Crop ◽  
Peak Loads

The article substantiates and develops the technology of cultivation of perspective fodder crop – maize in Zhambyl region of Kazakhstan. The technology for irrigation of land provides for the use of drip irrigation system. The optimal irrigation regime was established for promising forage crops in fodder crop rotations. Changes in the structure of acreage and crop rotations can significantly reduce water consumption, smooth out peak loads in the water supply in the summer months, reduce the hydraulic module of the irrigation system in farms

scholarly journals A field study on hydraulic performance of drip irrigation system for optimization of operating pressure

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2261-2263
Author(s):  
Mairaj Hussain ◽  
Sudhiranjan Prasad Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Technology

Drip irrigation technology will undoubtedly plays an important role in the future of the agriculture. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of drip system with five operating pressure viz. I1 (0.4 kg/ cm2), I2 (0.6 kg/cm2), I3 (0.8 kg/cm2), I4 (1.0 kg/cm2), I5 (1.2 kg/cm2). It was observed that the average discharge of drippers was 1.08 lph, 1.24 lph, 1.50 lph, 1.62 lph and 1.74 lph and emission uniformity was 80.55%, 84.89%, 86.30%, 88.88% and 90.80 in each treatment respectively and coefficient of variation was observed 0.12, 0.13, 0.12, 0.11, and 0.09. Flow component was found 0.450 and the value of k was 0.572 while R2 was observed 0.986.Based on the result it can be concluded that the operation of drip irrigation system at 1.2 kg/cm2 pressure head, gives the maximum efficiency in respect of discharge, emission uniformity and coefficient of variation.

scholarly journals Transitional Effects of Double-lateral Drip Irrigation and Straw Mulch on Irrigation Water Consumption, Mineral Nutrition, Yield, and Storability of Sweet Cherry

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhua Yin ◽  
Lynn E. Long ◽  
Xiao-Lan Huang ◽  
Ngowari Jaja ◽  
Jinhe Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Irrigation Water Use

A field trial was conducted on a Cherryhill silt loam soil at The Dalles, OR, from 2006 to 2008. The impacts of switching from the traditional micro sprinkler irrigation (MS) to double-lateral drip irrigation (DD) and from no groundcover with herbicide control of weeds (NC) to in-row wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw mulching (ST) were evaluated in a split-plot design with four replicates. Irrigation water use, mineral nutrition, and productivity of ‘Lapins’ sweet cherry (Prunus avium) on ‘Mazzard’ rootstock (P. avium) and soil quality were measured on a plot basis. DD reduced irrigation water consumption by 47.6% to 58.2% compared with MS. Straw mulch lowered irrigation water use by 9.7% relative to NC. Total fruit yield and fruit quality of firmness, size, and sugar at harvest were similar for the irrigation treatments. Straw mulch increased fruit size by 0.6 mm on average relative to NC, which could result in increased grower profitability. The DD system enhanced percentage of marketable fruit by 8.6% relative to MS. Leaf phosphorus (P), boron (B), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) concentrations were reduced with DD over MS; consequently, more P, B, Zn, and Fe fertilizers might be needed under DD. Straw mulch markedly decreased the populations of flagellates and amoebae but slightly increased the population of ciliates. Straw mulch resulted in a soil microbial community with remarkably less protozoa. Overall, DD is a viable alternate irrigation system for producing sweet cherry orchards with limited water resources for irrigation. Switching from NC to ST could lower irrigation water use, reduce herbicide runoff, and protect soil from erosion.

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