The Diagnostic Value of the Ulnocarpal Stress Test for Differentiating the Symptomatic Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tear from the Incidental Tear

Objective To evaluate the performance of a DNA methylation-based digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay to detect aberrant DNA methylation in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and to determine its application in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The present study recruited patients with liver-related diseases and healthy control subjects. Blood samples were used for the extraction of cfDNA, which was then bisulfite converted and the extent of DNA methylation quantified using a ddPCR platform. Results A total of 97 patients with HCC, 80 healthy control subjects and 46 patients with chronic hepatitis B/C virus infection were enrolled in the study. The level of cfDNA in the HCC group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group. For the detection of HCC, based on a cut-off value of 15.7% for the cfDNA methylation ratio, the sensitivity and specificity were 78.57% and 89.38%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was 85.27%, the positive predictive value was 81.91% and the negative predictive value was 87.20%. The positive likelihood ratio of 15.7% in HCC diagnosis was 7.40, while the negative likelihood ratio was 0.24. Conclusions A sensitive methylation-based assay might serve as a liquid biopsy test for diagnosing HCC.

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Diagnostic Value of Serum Procalcitonin in Patients with Convulsion in Emergency Department, an Observational Study

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics9100683 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 683

Author(s):

Hisashi Murakami ◽

Hiromu Naraba ◽

Takashi Gondo ◽

Masaki Mochizuki ◽

Hidehiko Nakano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Bacterial Infection ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Care Center ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Control Group ◽

Diagnostic Values ◽

Group Members

Procalcitonin (PCT), a widely used biomarker for bacterial infections, is sometimes measured in convulsion patients to distinguish bacterial infections including bacterial meningitis. However, serum PCT elevation is reported in several other conditions. This study assessed the diagnostic value of serum PCT concentrations in convulsion patients. This study examined a convulsion group: patients admitted to our critical care center during April 2018 through September 2019 via the emergency department presenting with convulsions. Randomly sampled patients admitted without convulsions were categorized as a non-convulsion group. Serum PCT analysis was performed with consideration of whether or not the patient had an infection. Diagnostic values of serum PCT for bacterial infection were evaluated for convulsion and non-convulsion patients using the positive likelihood ratio of PCT. This study found 84 patients as eligible for the convulsion group; 1:2 matched 168 control patients were selected as non-convulsion group members. The positive likelihood ratio for bacterial infection was found to be significantly lower in the convulsion group than in the control group (1.94 vs. 2.65) when setting the positive cut-off for PCT as 0.5 ng/mL. Convulsion patients had a higher PCT value. The positive likelihood ratio for patients without bacterial infection was lower.

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Diagnostic value of newborn foot length to predict gestational age

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi57.4.2017.1376 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 181

Author(s):

Mutia Farah Fawziah ◽

Bambang Soebagyo ◽

Dwi Hidayah

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Full Term ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Diagnostic Study ◽

Foot Length

Background Identification of gestational age, especially within 48 hours of birth, is crucial for newborns, as the earlier preterm status is detected, the earlier the child can receive optimal management. Newborn foot length is an anthropometric measurement which is easy to perform, inexpensive, and potentially efficient for predicting gestational age.Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of newborn foot length in predicting gestational age.Methods This diagnostic study was performed between October 2016 and February 2017 in the High Care Unit of Neonates at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 152 newborns were consecutively selected and underwent right foot length measurements before 96 hours of age. The correlation between newborn foot length to classify as full term and gestational age was analyzed with Spearman’s correlation test because of non-normal data distribution. The cut-off point of newborn foot length was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and diagnostic values of newborn foot length were analyzed by 2 x 2 table with SPSS 21.0 software.Results There were no significant differences between male and female newborns in terms of gestational age, birth weight, choronological age, and newborn foot length (P>0.05). Newborn foot length and gestational age had a significant correlation (r=0.53; P=0.000). The optimal cut-off newborn foot length to predict full term status was 7.1 cm. Newborn foot length below 7.1 cm had sensitivity 75%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 94.3%, negative predictive value 90.6%, positive likelihood ratio 40.5, negative likelihood ratio 0.25, and post-test probability 94.29%, to predict preterm status in newborns.Conclusion Newborn foot length can be used to predict gestational age, especially for the purpose of differentiating between preterm and full term newborns.

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A meta-analysis of circulating microRNAs in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251676 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0251676

Author(s):

Yan liu ◽

Houfa Geng ◽

Xuekui Liu ◽

Mingfeng Cao ◽

Xinhuan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Control Group ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Circulating Micrornas

Background Aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the overall diagnostic value of circulating mini miRNAs for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and to find the possible molecular marker with higher diagnostic value for PTC. Methods We searched the Pubmed, Cochrane and Embase database until June 2020. We selected relevant literatures associated with the diagnosis of PTC with circulating miRNAs. The number of cases in experimental group and the control group, sensitivity and specificity could be extracted from the literatures. Results We got 9 literatures including 2114 cases of PTC. Comprehensive sensitivity was 0.79, comprehensive specificity was 0.82, positive likelihood ratio was 4.3, negative likelihood ratio was 0.26, diagnostic advantage ratio was 16. The summary receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn and the Area Under the Curve was 0.87. Conclusions Circulating microRNAs may be promising molecular markers for the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Combined detection of certain serum microRNAs can improve the diagnostic accuracy of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Especially MiR-222 and miR-146b may be prime candidates for the diagnosis of PTC in Asian population.

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Diagnostic Value of International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Simple Rules (IOTA-SR) In Iranian Patients with Ovarian Mass

10.53350/pjmhs211551647 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 1647-1651

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Babaei ◽

Mohammadreza Khaleghi ◽

Manizhe Ataee Kachuee ◽

Farnaz Ardiyani ◽

Setare Nassiri

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Ovarian Mass ◽

Iranian Patients

Background: Among gynecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate per case. The most important prognostic feature of ovarian cancer is an early diagnosis. The IOTA-SR is an ultrasound exam criterion for classifying benign or malignant ovarian tumors, which could be used effectively by an inexperienced radiologist. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of IOTA-SR in Iranian patients with ovarian tumors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 females enrolled (from 2019-1 to 2019-12). Patients were evaluated with ultrasound by an experienced radiologist. Tumors were classified, as benign or malignant according to the IOTA-SR criteria. After laparotomy, histological and ultrasond examination findings were compared. Results: According to histopathologic results, the prevalence of malignancy was 63.3% (38 malignant and 22 benign tumors). The IOTA-SR could be applied in all the participants as 21 tumors (35%) were classified as benign and 39 (65%) as malignant. Compared with histopathologic results, the IOTA-SR yielded 36 true positives, three false positives, 19 true negatives, and two false negatives. Thus, assessing ovarian mass using IOTA-SR achieved a sensitivity of 94.7%, a specificity of 86.3%, a positive predictive value of 92.3%, a negative predictive value of 90.47%, positive likelihood ratio of 6.91, negative likelihood ratio of 0.091, overall accuracy of 91.6%, and kappa coefficient of 0.819 (P<0.001). Conclusions: IOTA-SR criteria have a high diagnostic value in differentiation of the malignant and benign ovarian tumors and can be applied in daily practice.

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Diagnostic value of newborn foot length to predict gestational age

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi57.4.2017.181-6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 181 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mutia Farah Fawziah ◽

Bambang Soebagyo ◽

Dwi Hidayah

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Full Term ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Diagnostic Study ◽

Foot Length

Background Identification of gestational age, especially within 48 hours of birth, is crucial for newborns, as the earlier preterm status is detected, the earlier the child can receive optimal management. Newborn foot length is an anthropometric measurement which is easy to perform, inexpensive, and potentially efficient for predicting gestational age.Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of newborn foot length in predicting gestational age.Methods This diagnostic study was performed between October 2016 and February 2017 in the High Care Unit of Neonates at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 152 newborns were consecutively selected and underwent right foot length measurements before 96 hours of age. The correlation between newborn foot length to classify as full term and gestational age was analyzed with Spearman’s correlation test because of non-normal data distribution. The cut-off point of newborn foot length was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and diagnostic values of newborn foot length were analyzed by 2 x 2 table with SPSS 21.0 software.Results There were no significant differences between male and female newborns in terms of gestational age, birth weight, choronological age, and newborn foot length (P>0.05). Newborn foot length and gestational age had a significant correlation (r=0.53; P=0.000). The optimal cut-off newborn foot length to predict full term status was 7.1 cm. Newborn foot length below 7.1 cm had sensitivity 75%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 94.3%, negative predictive value 90.6%, positive likelihood ratio 40.5, negative likelihood ratio 0.25, and post-test probability 94.29%, to predict preterm status in newborns.Conclusion Newborn foot length can be used to predict gestational age, especially for the purpose of differentiating between preterm and full term newborns.

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DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF BIOMARKERS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY DEVELOPMENT AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY PERFORMED IN THE CONDITIONS OF CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS

Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University ◽

10.22263/2312-4156.2021.2.45 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 45-55

Author(s):

D.I. Krachak ◽

◽

I.P. Klimchuk ◽

S.V. Mshar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Early Postoperative Period ◽

Diagnostic Efficiency

Objectives. To assess the diagnostic value of urinary lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase (uNGAL) as a monomarker, as well as in combination with other indicators, in acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosing in the early postoperative period in cardiac surgery patients. Material and methods. The analysis of 73 case histories of ICU patients after cardiac surgery in the conditions of cardiopulmonary bypass was performed. AKIN criteria were applied to diagnose AKI. The primary end point of the study was the postoperative level of uNGAL, the secondary end point was the indexed value of uNGAL. Results. 31 (42.4%) patients developed AKI (according to AKIN score). uNGAL had a very good level of diagnostic significance in detecting AKI (AUC 0.849, p=0.001) and its optimal cutoff level was more than 48.2 ng/ml within the time frame up to 12 hours after surgery. The diagnostic efficiency of the uNGAL test was: specificity - 88.1%, sensitivity - 67.74%, positive predictive value - 80.8%, negative predictive value - 78.7%, positive likelihood ratio - 5.57, negative likelihood ratio - 0.37. The ratio of uNGAL to leukocytes in the terms up to 12 hours after surgery demonstrated an excellent level of diagnostic value (AUC 0.920, p=0.001). The diagnostic efficiency of this indicator (more than 5.5 μg/1*10<sup>9</sup>) was: specificity - 94.74%, sensitivity - 73.68%, positive predictive value - 93.3%, negative predictive value - 78.3%, positive likelihood ratio - 14.0, negative likelihood ratio - 0.28. Conclusions. The diagnostic capabilities of uNGAL in detecting AKI in the early stages after cardiac surgery exceed the capabilities of serum creatinine traditionally used for this purpose. To improve the efficiency of AKI diagnosis in the early postoperative period, it is possible to use indexed indicators, for example, the ratio of uNGAL to leukocytes level in the patient’s blood.

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Functional decline in the elderly with MCI: Cultural adaptation of the ADCS-ADL scale

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.63.07.590 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (7) ◽

pp. 590-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fabiana Carla Matos da Cunha Cintra ◽

Marco Túlio Gualberto Cintra ◽

Rodrigo Nicolato ◽

Laiss Bertola ◽

Rafaela Teixeira Ávila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Functional Decline ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Cognitive Screening

Summary Objective: Translate, transcultural adaptation and application to Brazilian Portuguese of the Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study - Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL) scale as a cognitive screening instrument. Method: We applied the back translation added with pretest and bilingual methods. The sample was composed by 95 elderly individuals and their caregivers. Thirty-two (32) participants were diagnosed as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, 33 as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and 30 were considered as cognitively normal individuals. Results: There were only little changes on the scale. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.89. The scores were 72.9 for control group, followed by MCI (65.1) and by AD (55.9), with a p-value < 0.001. The ROC curve value was 0.89. We considered a cut point of 72 and we observed a sensibility of 86.2%, specificity of 70%, positive predictive value of 86.2%, negative predictive value of 70%, positive likelihood ratio of 2.9 and negative likelihood ratio of 0.2. Conclusion: ADCS-ADL scale presents satisfactory psychometric properties to discriminate between MCI, AD and normal cognition.

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PERBANDINGAN NILAI DIAGNOSTIK IGE SPESIFIK TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, METODE ELISA DAN IMUNOBLOT PADA RINITIS ALERGI

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY ◽

10.24293/ijcpml.v22i2.1113 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Janti Tri Habsari ◽

Aryati Aryati ◽

Dwi Reno Pawarti

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Positive Predictive Value ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Specific Ige ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Diagnostic Efficiency ◽

The Difference

The detection of allergen types is very helpful in allergic rhinitis (AR) management. Some methods had been performed to examinethe specific IgE due to HDM such as ELISA and immunoblot methods. The aim of this research is to know the difference of specificIgE diagnostic value due to HDM between ELISA and immunoblot in allergic rhinitis method which is expected to be used as in vitroalternative method which is safe, fast, effective, with a high sensitivity and specificity by provement. The samples were allergic rhinitisand non-allergic rhinitis patients at ENT of Head and Neck Out patients Clinic of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The sera was examinedfor specific IgE due to HDM by ELISA and immunoblot methods and then analyzed for its diagnostic value using the 2 x 2 table with a95% confidence interval. The comparation between both methods were analyzed with Wilcoxon test. The diagnostic value of the specificHDM IgE with immunoblot method showed sensitivity of 90% and 80% specificity, positive predictive value 90% and the negative 80%and diagnostic efficiency 86.67%. The positive likelihood ratio 4.5 and the negative one 0.125. The diagnostic value of the specific IgEHDM/D.p with ELISA showed a sensitivity of 75% and specificity 75%, the positive predictive value 85.71% and the negative one 0%and diagnostic efficiency 75%. The positive likelihood ratio was 3 and the negative one 0.33. The diagnostic value of the specific IgEHDM with immunoblot showed a sensitivity of 90% and specificity 80%, the positive predictive value 90% and the negative one 80%and the diagnostic efficiency 86.67%. The positive likelihood ratio was 4.5 and the negative one 0.125. The difference of diagnostic valuein both methods revealed that the p value was 0.013. It can be concluded in this study that there was a significant difference of specificIgE due to HDM between ELISA and immunoblot methods in allergic rhinitis.

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Results of proteinuria measurement using semiquantitative dipstick in children with fever or nephrotic syndrome

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi48.1.2008.10-4 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Chatidjah Alaydrus ◽

Yati Soenarto ◽

M. P. Damanik

Keyword(s):

Negative Predictive Value ◽

Diagnostic Test ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Quantitative Measurement ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Urine Collection ◽

Nephrotic Proteinuria

Background Proteinuria is a major determinant of the progressionof renal disease. Quantitative measurement of proteinuria withina 24-hour period of urine collection was the accepted method ofevaluation, but is tedious and prone to error in the absence of areliable collection. We evaluated the diagnostic value of AUTIONSticks 10 TA to diagnose proteinuria in children with fever andnephrotic syndrome.Methods This study was conducted at the pediatric ward of SardjitoHospital. Proteinuria levels were measured using semiquantitativedipstick methods with AUTION Sticks 10 TA using a 24-hoururine sample collected at the first examination until the followingday. Proteinuria level was also measured by Esbach method as goldstandard.Results A total of 120 children aged 16 years old were recruited. Inthe fever group, AUTION Sticks 10 TA couldn’t be used for thediagnostic test. AUTION Sticks 10 TA +2 to diagnose intermediateproteinuria produced a sensitivity of 60%, a specificity of 89%, apositive predictive value of 43% , a negative predictive value of94%, a positive likelihood ratio of 5.4, a negative likelihood ratio of0.45. To diagnose nephrotic proteinuria, AUTION Sticks 10 TA+3/+4 produced a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 91%, a positivepredictive value of 96%, a negative predictive value of 77%, apositive likelihood ratio of 10, a negative likelihood ratio of 0.11.Conclusion AUTION Sticks 10 TA +2 is sufficiently accuratefor a diagnostic test of intermediate proteinuria (Esbach value)while +3/+4 is sufficiently accurate for a diagnostic test ofnephrotic proteinuria (Esbach value) in children. In the fevergroup, dipstick result can not explain the Esbach value.

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