scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN NILAI DIAGNOSTIK IGE SPESIFIK TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, METODE ELISA DAN IMUNOBLOT PADA RINITIS ALERGI

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Janti Tri Habsari ◽  
Aryati Aryati ◽  
Dwi Reno Pawarti
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
The Difference

The detection of allergen types is very helpful in allergic rhinitis (AR) management. Some methods had been performed to examinethe specific IgE due to HDM such as ELISA and immunoblot methods. The aim of this research is to know the difference of specificIgE diagnostic value due to HDM between ELISA and immunoblot in allergic rhinitis method which is expected to be used as in vitroalternative method which is safe, fast, effective, with a high sensitivity and specificity by provement. The samples were allergic rhinitisand non-allergic rhinitis patients at ENT of Head and Neck Out patients Clinic of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The sera was examinedfor specific IgE due to HDM by ELISA and immunoblot methods and then analyzed for its diagnostic value using the 2 x 2 table with a95% confidence interval. The comparation between both methods were analyzed with Wilcoxon test. The diagnostic value of the specificHDM IgE with immunoblot method showed sensitivity of 90% and 80% specificity, positive predictive value 90% and the negative 80%and diagnostic efficiency 86.67%. The positive likelihood ratio 4.5 and the negative one 0.125. The diagnostic value of the specific IgEHDM/D.p with ELISA showed a sensitivity of 75% and specificity 75%, the positive predictive value 85.71% and the negative one 0%and diagnostic efficiency 75%. The positive likelihood ratio was 3 and the negative one 0.33. The diagnostic value of the specific IgEHDM with immunoblot showed a sensitivity of 90% and specificity 80%, the positive predictive value 90% and the negative one 80%and the diagnostic efficiency 86.67%. The positive likelihood ratio was 4.5 and the negative one 0.125. The difference of diagnostic valuein both methods revealed that the p value was 0.013. It can be concluded in this study that there was a significant difference of specificIgE due to HDM between ELISA and immunoblot methods in allergic rhinitis.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF BIOMARKERS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY DEVELOPMENT AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY PERFORMED IN THE CONDITIONS OF CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
D.I. Krachak ◽  
◽  
◽  
I.P. Klimchuk ◽  
S.V. Mshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency

Objectives. To assess the diagnostic value of urinary lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase (uNGAL) as a monomarker, as well as in combination with other indicators, in acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosing in the early postoperative period in cardiac surgery patients. Material and methods. The analysis of 73 case histories of ICU patients after cardiac surgery in the conditions of cardiopulmonary bypass was performed. AKIN criteria were applied to diagnose AKI. The primary end point of the study was the postoperative level of uNGAL, the secondary end point was the indexed value of uNGAL. Results. 31 (42.4%) patients developed AKI (according to AKIN score). uNGAL had a very good level of diagnostic significance in detecting AKI (AUC 0.849, p=0.001) and its optimal cutoff level was more than 48.2 ng/ml within the time frame up to 12 hours after surgery. The diagnostic efficiency of the uNGAL test was: specificity - 88.1%, sensitivity - 67.74%, positive predictive value - 80.8%, negative predictive value - 78.7%, positive likelihood ratio - 5.57, negative likelihood ratio - 0.37. The ratio of uNGAL to leukocytes in the terms up to 12 hours after surgery demonstrated an excellent level of diagnostic value (AUC 0.920, p=0.001). The diagnostic efficiency of this indicator (more than 5.5 μg/1*10<sup>9</sup>) was: specificity - 94.74%, sensitivity - 73.68%, positive predictive value - 93.3%, negative predictive value - 78.3%, positive likelihood ratio - 14.0, negative likelihood ratio - 0.28. Conclusions. The diagnostic capabilities of uNGAL in detecting AKI in the early stages after cardiac surgery exceed the capabilities of serum creatinine traditionally used for this purpose. To improve the efficiency of AKI diagnosis in the early postoperative period, it is possible to use indexed indicators, for example, the ratio of uNGAL to leukocytes level in the patient’s blood.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of newborn foot length to predict gestational age

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Mutia Farah Fawziah ◽  
Bambang Soebagyo ◽  
Dwi Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Foot Length

Background  Identification of gestational age, especially within 48 hours of birth, is crucial for newborns, as the earlier preterm status is detected, the earlier the child can receive optimal management. Newborn foot length is an anthropometric measurement which is easy to perform, inexpensive, and potentially efficient for predicting gestational age.Objective  To analyze the diagnostic value of newborn foot length in predicting gestational age.Methods  This diagnostic study was performed between October 2016 and February 2017 in the High Care Unit of Neonates at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 152 newborns were consecutively selected and underwent right foot length measurements before 96 hours of age. The correlation between newborn foot length to classify as full term and gestational age was analyzed with Spearman’s correlation test because of non-normal data distribution. The cut-off point of newborn foot length was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and diagnostic values of newborn foot length were analyzed by 2 x 2 table with SPSS 21.0 software.Results There were no significant differences between male and female newborns in terms of gestational age, birth weight, choronological age, and newborn foot length (P>0.05). Newborn foot length and gestational age had a significant correlation (r=0.53; P=0.000). The optimal cut-off newborn foot length to predict full term status was 7.1 cm. Newborn foot length below 7.1 cm had sensitivity 75%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 94.3%, negative predictive value 90.6%, positive likelihood ratio 40.5, negative likelihood ratio 0.25, and post-test probability 94.29%, to predict preterm status in newborns.Conclusion  Newborn foot length can be used to predict gestational age, especially for the purpose of differentiating between preterm and full term newborns.

scholarly journals Cut-off Values of Bacteriuria and Leukocyturia for the Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections in Pediatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Ramdani Ibnu Taufik ◽  
Dian Ariningrum ◽  
Yusuf Ari Mashuri
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Tract Infections

The diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in infants and children is often missed. There have been no studies ondiagnostic tests using automated urine analyzer in pediatric patients. This study aimed to determine the cut-off values ofbacteriuria and leukocyturia using the automated urine analyzer Sysmex UX-2000 to diagnose UTI with the gold standard ofautomated urine culture using VITEK 2 in pediatric patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. An observational analyticalstudy with the cross-sectional design was during August-October 2019 at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory and ClinicalMicrobiology Laboratory of Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. Eighty-four patients sample were collected. This study'sdependent variable was the diagnosis of urinary tract infections in pediatric patients established with positive culture results(bacterial count of ≥ 105 CFU/mL urine). This study's independent variables were the number of urine bacteria (BACT) andthe number of urine leukocytes (WBC) from urinalysis using the Sysmex UX-2000 automated urine analyzer. A diagnostictest was used for data analysis. The best cut-off value for leukocyturia was 37 cells/μL with a 61.1% sensitivity, 63.6%specificity, a positive predictive value of 31.4%; a negative predictive value of 85.7; positive likelihood ratio of 1.64; negativelikelihood ratio of 0.595, and accuracy of 63%. The best cut-off for the number of bacteria was 143 cells/μL with a sensitivityof 66.7%; specificity of 71.2%, the positive predictive value of 38.7%, the negative predictive value of 88.7%; positivelikelihood ratio of 2.14; negative likelihood ratio of 0.432 and an accuracy of 70.2%. A cut-off of 37 cells/μL for leukocyturiaand 143 cells/μL for bacteriuria using an automated urine analyzer can be used for UTI screening in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of the Ulnocarpal Stress Test for Differentiating the Symptomatic Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tear from the Incidental Tear

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Cheol-U Kim ◽  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Bong Cheol Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Triangular Fibrocartilage

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of the ulnocarpal stress test (UCST) for differentiating the symptomatic triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tear from the incidental tear.Methods: From January 2013 to May 2020, a study was performed on 109 patients who underwent wrist arthroscopy and showed TFCC tear. Patients who had ulnar-sided wrist pain along with TFCC tear, and showed postoperative symptom improvement, and those with other lesions excluded were defined as symptomatic tear (experimental group) and the rest were defined as asymptomatic tear (control group). Diagnostic values of the UCST for differentiating the symptomatic TFCC tear from the incidental tear were calculated.Results: The UCST showed a sensitivity of 54%, a specificity of 95%, a positive predictive value of 98%, a negative predictive value of 31%, a positive likelihood ratio of 10.34, a negative likelihood ratio of 0.48, and an overall diagnostic accuracy of 61%. Conclusion: The UCST showed limited diagnostic value for symptomatic TFCC tear. Therefore, this test needs to be regarded as a part of diagnostic process and their results should be interpreted in the context of other relevant clinical information before reaching the diagnosis of symptomatic TFCC tear.

Diagnostic Value of International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Simple Rules (IOTA-SR) In Iranian Patients with Ovarian Mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1647-1651
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Babaei ◽  
Mohammadreza Khaleghi ◽  
Manizhe Ataee Kachuee ◽  
Farnaz Ardiyani ◽  
Setare Nassiri
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Iranian Patients

Background: Among gynecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate per case. The most important prognostic feature of ovarian cancer is an early diagnosis. The IOTA-SR is an ultrasound exam criterion for classifying benign or malignant ovarian tumors, which could be used effectively by an inexperienced radiologist. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of IOTA-SR in Iranian patients with ovarian tumors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 females enrolled (from 2019-1 to 2019-12). Patients were evaluated with ultrasound by an experienced radiologist. Tumors were classified, as benign or malignant according to the IOTA-SR criteria. After laparotomy, histological and ultrasond examination findings were compared. Results: According to histopathologic results, the prevalence of malignancy was 63.3% (38 malignant and 22 benign tumors). The IOTA-SR could be applied in all the participants as 21 tumors (35%) were classified as benign and 39 (65%) as malignant. Compared with histopathologic results, the IOTA-SR yielded 36 true positives, three false positives, 19 true negatives, and two false negatives. Thus, assessing ovarian mass using IOTA-SR achieved a sensitivity of 94.7%, a specificity of 86.3%, a positive predictive value of 92.3%, a negative predictive value of 90.47%, positive likelihood ratio of 6.91, negative likelihood ratio of 0.091, overall accuracy of 91.6%, and kappa coefficient of 0.819 (P<0.001). Conclusions: IOTA-SR criteria have a high diagnostic value in differentiation of the malignant and benign ovarian tumors and can be applied in daily practice.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of newborn foot length to predict gestational age

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutia Farah Fawziah ◽  
Bambang Soebagyo ◽  
Dwi Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Foot Length

Background  Identification of gestational age, especially within 48 hours of birth, is crucial for newborns, as the earlier preterm status is detected, the earlier the child can receive optimal management. Newborn foot length is an anthropometric measurement which is easy to perform, inexpensive, and potentially efficient for predicting gestational age.Objective  To analyze the diagnostic value of newborn foot length in predicting gestational age.Methods  This diagnostic study was performed between October 2016 and February 2017 in the High Care Unit of Neonates at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 152 newborns were consecutively selected and underwent right foot length measurements before 96 hours of age. The correlation between newborn foot length to classify as full term and gestational age was analyzed with Spearman’s correlation test because of non-normal data distribution. The cut-off point of newborn foot length was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and diagnostic values of newborn foot length were analyzed by 2 x 2 table with SPSS 21.0 software.Results There were no significant differences between male and female newborns in terms of gestational age, birth weight, choronological age, and newborn foot length (P>0.05). Newborn foot length and gestational age had a significant correlation (r=0.53; P=0.000). The optimal cut-off newborn foot length to predict full term status was 7.1 cm. Newborn foot length below 7.1 cm had sensitivity 75%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 94.3%, negative predictive value 90.6%, positive likelihood ratio 40.5, negative likelihood ratio 0.25, and post-test probability 94.29%, to predict preterm status in newborns.Conclusion  Newborn foot length can be used to predict gestational age, especially for the purpose of differentiating between preterm and full term newborns.

scholarly journals Clinical chorioamnionitis at term VIII: a rapid MMP-8 test for the identification of intra-amniotic inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noppadol Chaiyasit ◽  
Roberto Romero ◽  
Piya Chaemsaithong ◽  
Nikolina Docheva ◽  
Gaurav Bhatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

AbstractObjective:Clinical chorioamnionitis is the most common infection/inflammatory process diagnosed in labor and delivery units worldwide. The condition is a syndrome that can be caused by (1) intra-amniotic infection, (2) intra-amniotic inflammation without demonstrable microorganisms (i.e. sterile intra-amniotic inflammation), and (3) maternal systemic inflammation that is not associated with intra-amniotic inflammation. The presence of intra-amniotic inflammation is a risk factor for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in a broad range of obstetrical syndromes that includes clinical chorioamnionitis at term. Although the diagnosis of intra-amniotic infection has relied on culture results, such information is not immediately available for patient management. Therefore, the diagnosis of intra-amniotic inflammation could be helpful as a proxy for intra-amniotic infection, while results of microbiologic studies are pending. A rapid test is now available for the diagnosis of intra-amniotic inflammation, based on the determination of neutrophil collagenase or matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the diagnostic indices of a rapid MMP-8 test for the identification of intra-amniotic inflammation/infection in patients with the diagnosis of clinical chorioamnionitis at term, and (2) to compare the diagnostic performance of a rapid MMP-8 test to that of a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) interleukin (IL)-6 test for patients with clinical chorioamnionitis at term.Materials and methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A transabdominal amniocentesis was performed in patients with clinical chorioamnionitis at term (n=44). Amniotic fluid was analyzed using cultivation techniques (for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria as well as genital Mycoplasmas) and broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS). Amniotic fluid IL-6 concentrations were determined by ELISA, and rapid MMP-8 results were determined by Yoon’s MMP-8 CheckResults:(1) A positive rapid MMP-8 test had a sensitivity of 82.4% (28/34), specificity of 90% (9/10), positive predictive value of 96.6% (28/29), negative predictive value of 60% (9/15), positive likelihood ratio 8.2 (95% CI 1.3–53.2), and negative likelihood ratio 0.2 (95% CI 0.1–0.4) for the identification of intra-amniotic inflammation (prevalence 77.3%); (2) a positive rapid MMP-8 test had a sensitivity of 91.7% (22/24), specificity of 65% (13/20), positive predictive value of 75.9% (22/29), negative predictive value of 86.7% (13/15), positive likelihood ratio of 2.6 (95% CI 1.4–4.8), and negative likelihood ratio of 0.1 (95% CI 0.03–0.5) for the identification of intra-amniotic infection; (3) the rapid MMP-8 test had a significantly higher specificity than the ELISA IL-6 test in the identification of intra-amniotic inflammation as determined by an amniotic fluid WBC count ≥50 cells/mmConclusion:The rapid diagnosis of intra-amniotic inflammation is possible by analysis of amniotic fluid using a point-of-care test for MMP-8. Patients with a positive test are at risk of delivering a neonate affected with systemic inflammation, a risk factor for adverse neonatal outcome.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Characteristics of the Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linchuan Wang ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jin Feng ◽  
Jinyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the T-SPOT.TB test for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB) and to distinguish ATB from other diseases using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A total of 535 patients with suspected active tuberculosis were enrolled in the study and divided into ATB and nonactive tuberculosis (NATB) groups, as well as pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) subgroups. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of the T-SPOT.TB test for the diagnosis of ATB were 84.95%, 85.12%, 82.94%, 86.93%, 5.71, and 0.18, respectively. The median number of spot-forming cells (SFCs) in the ATB group was higher than that in the NATB group (71 versus 1;P< 0.0001). The sensitivities in the PTB and EPTB subgroups were 92.31% and 81.77%. The areas under the curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of ATB using the T-SPOT.TB, early secreted antigenic target 6 (ESAT-6), and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) were 0.906, 0.884, and 0.877, respectively. A cutoff of 42.5 SFCs for ATB yielded a positive predictive value of 100%. Our study shows that the T-SPOT.TB test is useful for the diagnosis of ATB. Utilizing an ROC curve to select an appropriate cutoff made it possible to discriminate ATB from NATB.

CYFRA 21-1 in patients with suspected cancer: evaluation of an optimal cutoff to assess the diagnostic efficacy and prognostic value

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonsoles Garcia-Valdecasas Gayo ◽  
Maria Jesus Ruiz-Alvarez ◽  
Daniel Gonzalez-Gay ◽  
Raquel Ramos-Corral ◽  
Eva Marquez-Lietor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Tumor Biomarker ◽  
Diagnostic Validity ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Cutoff Value

AbstractObjectivesChosen cutoff for cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen (CYFRA 21-1) as a tumor biomarker considerably influences its diagnostic and prognostic usefulness. The aim of the present study is to determine an optimal cutoff value for diagnostic validity of CYFRA 21-1 by Lumipulse® technology in patients with suspected cancer and also to determine if CYFRA 21-1 levels provide prognostic value.MethodsA consecutive 284 patients suggestive of malignant disease from six hospitals of Madrid were enrolled in a retrospective design. Optimal CYFRA 21-1 cutoff value was obtained by receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden test. The diagnostic validity was evaluated according to sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios. The prognostic value of CYFRA 21-1 was checked using multiple logistic regression. Thirty-two diagnostic cancers were confirmed.ResultsThe most optimal cutoff was 3.15 ng/mL. This cutoff showed a better specificity 93.63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89.66–96.16), positive predictive value 60.98% (95% CI, 44.54–75.38) and positive likelihood ratio 12.65 (95% CI, 7.64–20.95) than the cutoff recommended by Fujirebio® (1.8 ng/mL) (specificity: 73.71% [95% CI, 67.72–78.95], positive predictive value: 29.79% [95% CI, 21.02–40.23] and positive likelihood ratio 3.43 [95% CI, 2.71–4.35]), improving the current diagnostic accuracy. In multivariate analysis, elevated levels of CYFRA 21-1 (>3.15 ng/mL) was confirmed as an unfavorable prognostic factor.ConclusionsThe best cutoff for CYFRA 21-1 obtained was 3.15 ng/mL in patients with suspected cancer. This new cutoff decreases the false positive rate and improves the diagnostic efficacy of CYFRA 21-1 as a tumor marker as well as its association with death events.

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