Extended Family Care : The Neglected Alternative Social Security Practice in Nigeria = الأسرة الممتدة والرعاية : ممارسة بديل الضمان الاجتماعي في نيجيريا

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Ernest Osas Ugiagbe ◽  
Uyi Benjamin Edegbe
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Family Care

Orphan prevalence and extended family care in a peri-urban community in Zimbabwe

AIDS Care ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Foster ◽  
R. Shakespeare ◽  
F. Chinemana ◽  
H. Jackson ◽  
S. Gregson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Family ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Family Care

scholarly journals Concept and System of Social Assistance Agreements

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-155
Author(s):  
Nadiia CHUDYK-BILOUSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Life Circumstances ◽  
The Right

The concept of a social assistance agreement, its parties and purpose, which depends on the type of agreement, is defined. The system and mechanisms of concluding social assistance agreements as a basis for the formation of a non-state social security system are studied. The legislation does not contain a single list and mechanics of conclusion and execution. Under a social assistance agreement, the recipient, as a person in difficult life circumstances that he or she cannot overcome or mitigate on his or her own, may receive material benefits or other intangible benefits at the expense or with the participation of the provider under certain conditions. The purpose of concluding a contract is to assist in overcoming or mitigating difficult life circumstances at the expense of the provider's funds or property, or by raising funds or the provider's property, using non-state social security funds for a certain period. A person in need of social security has the right to use the assistance of a charitable organization in the form prescribed by law. On the basis of the agreement it is possible to receive services from volunteers and the volunteer organization. The probation volunteering contract is concluded to achieve the goal set by law, so it is advisable to set clear requirements for the probation volunteer. It is substantiated that the content of the inheritance agreement may stipulate the provision of social security to the alienator on the terms specified in the agreement. It is established that social security for children in difficult life circumstances can be provided by concluding social assistance agreements. The expediency of applying a foster care agreement to a child who has suffered from human trafficking, who has lost his or her parents or whose parents are unable to perform their duties due to health or other reasons in order to ensure that he or she is provided with social security under the conditions specified by law. The expediency of applying a foster care agreement for the immediate provision of family care for a child for a period when his family status is uncertain is indicated. It is substantiated that the purpose of the agreement on the placement of a child in foster care and cohabitation in a foster family is to provide him with social security and create conditions for learning and development. It is established that the purpose of the agreement on the establishment of a family-type orphanage is to guarantee the provision of social services and state assistance. On the basis of the conducted research the expediency of normative fixing of the standard form of the contract on rendering services of the municipal nanny that will promote coordination of interests of the parties of this contract and protection of their rights is proved. Keywords: contract, social assistance contract, purpose of contract, parties to contract, difficult life circumstance.

scholarly journals Sustainable Care in a Familialist Regime: Coping with Elderly Care in Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8498
Author(s):  
Maša Filipovič Hrast ◽  
Valentina Hlebec ◽  
Tatjana Rakar
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Home Care Services ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Care Services

In countries with prevalent family care and less developed care services, it is important to understand the ways families cope with the care needs of their frail family members as part of policy learning to make care systems more sustainable. Filial care is a vital element of family care, yet is significantly restrained by the involvement of carers in the labour market; unequal gender distribution of the care burden; and insufficient recognition of, and policy support, for family care. This article considered the issue of the sustainability of elderly care in a familialist country, Slovenia, by identifying the coping strategies families adopt for the provision of care. To this end, in-depth qualitative data based on a purposeful sample of 55 community-resident users of social home care services and their 55 family carers were used. We identified five external coping strategies: use of formal care services, use of extended family network, use of wider community network, cohabitation, and home adjustments. Among internal strategies, we detected work-related adjustments; abandoning leisure activities; abandoning vacations; establishing new routines; accepting and finding satisfaction in care; increased psychological distress, such as worries and overburdening; and some unmet care recipient needs. Very few strategies may be described as supported by policy actions, despite such support being essential for increasing the sustainability of the family-based care model.

Coaching Parents About Children's Needs and Navigating the Child Protection and Other Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Ainsworth ◽  
Patricia Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Aboriginal Children ◽  
Children In Care

This article reviews developments in the NSW child protection system which aim to reduce the number of children in state care. The first development was changes to the Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1988 made in 2016 that created a permanency hierarchy for children who have been removed and not restored to parental or extended family care. Under Section 10A of the Act, guardianship and adoption becomes the priority if restoration is not possible, although Aboriginal children are exempt from adoption to some extent. The more recent development, during 2017, is the purchase by the Department of Family and Community Services (FaCS) of a license for two US models, namely Multi-Systemic Therapy for Child Abuse and Neglect (MST-CAN®) and Functional Family Therapy through Child Welfare (FFT-CW®). US studies have shown that these models reduce the number of children being taken into care. Related to this effort is the recognition by FaCS that the cost of out-of-home care (OOHC) is increasingly unmanageable given the 16,843 children in care in NSW. Added to this is the knowledge, confirmed by the Minister, that for many children in OOHC the outcomes are dismal. Finally, the article turns to the issue of poverty and seeks to address the established correlation (not causality) between poverty and child abuse and neglect. This remains the key issue that underscores child abuse and neglect that has to be addressed if a significant reduction in the number of children taken into state care is to be achieved.

Foster Care vs. Extended Family Care for Children of Incarcerated Mothers

1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Gaudin ◽  
Richard Sutphen
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Incarcerated Mothers

scholarly journals Access to Social Protection by Immigrants, Emigrants and Resident Nationals in Ecuador

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Analía Minteguiaga ◽  
Valerie Carmel
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Informal Labour

AbstractFormal labour and affiliation to Ecuador’s social security system is the main gateway for access to social protection benefits, especially in the case of migrants. However, a large informal labour market and low levels on inclusion in the social security system forces large sectors of society to rely on family and community arrangements for the management of risk and economic uncertainty. The state provides some non-contributory benefits through cash transfer programs but, with the exception of health care, these only cover people living in conditions of extreme poverty. Universal, non-means tested programs are limited to the public health and education systems. Overall, migrants face several obstacles to access social protection benefits. Gaining the right to work legally is mostly reserved for white-collar and highly educated immigrants, excluding impoverished immigrants. Paired to the inability to access labour-related benefits and government programs for the so-called poor, immigrants lack the safety nets provided by extended family and a community setting. Nationals residing abroad have restricted access to social benefits, having access only to the contributory pension system on a voluntary basis. This chapter discusses the social protection system in Ecuador and focuses on eligibility criteria to show the extent of migrants’ access to the social benefits.

scholarly journals Care and Support for the Aged among the Esan of South-South Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Friday Asiazobor Eboiyehi ◽  
Ifeanyi C. Onwuzuruigbo
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Care And Support

The extended family system is an important ingredient for care and support for the aged in traditional African society. Although this mechanism is gradually being eroded, there is no formal social security apparatus to fill the gap. This study therefore examined the nature of care and support system for the aged and the coping strategies among the Esan of South-South Nigeria through the qualitative method. Esan-Central and Esan-West LGAs were purposely selected for the study and three communities were chosen in each of the LGAs. A total of 32 IDIs and 8 FGDs were conducted among men and women aged 60 years and above. The results are indicative of diminishing extended family ties and increasing social distance between aged parents and adult children. This tendency is associated with age-selective rural-urban migration and emerging nuclear family structure that has impacted negatively on care and support provided for the aged. This change is also linked to social changes towards westernization and coping strategies associated with decline in real income of caregivers as a result of downturn in the Nigerian economy. The aged adopt various coping strategies which include working as night guards, engageing in petty trading, dependence on pension and some support from church members and adult children. The paper concludes that care and support is diminishing among the Esan and suggests re-awakening of the extended family social security system. This may be carried out within the framework of a creative multi-track social policy intervention that will involve government, civil society and private sector partnership.

Reducing Poverty among Older Women: Social Security Reform and Gender Equity

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith G. Gonyea ◽  
Nancy R. Hooyman
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

The authors document the higher poverty rate of older women, especially women of color, compared with older men—a pattern created and maintained by the intersection of the structural factors of age, race, and marital status. They then review how the U.S. Social Security program generally benefits older women and reduces their late-life economic vulnerability. A persistent gender inequity, however, is that women are more likely to disrupt their paid employment to meet family care responsibilities, which may increase the number of zero-earnings years and reduce the amount paid into Social Security. Current proposals to privatize the Social Security system are critiqued in terms of their gender inequities. Three relatively revenue-neutral proposals that could increase Social Security's protection against poverty and differentially affect low-income women are briefly discussed.

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