Focusing Provider Attention: An Empirical Examination of Incentives and Feedback in Flu Vaccinations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Niewoehner ◽  
Bradley R. Staats
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Healthcare Operations ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Flu Vaccination

Background. Influenza imposes heavy societal costs through healthcare expenditures, missed days of work, and numerous hospitalizations each year. Considering these costs, the healthcare and behavioral science literature offers suggestions on increasing demand for flu vaccinations. Yet, the adult flu vaccination rate fluctuated between 37% and 46% between 2010 and 2019. Aim. Although a demand-side approach represents one viable strategy, an operations management approach would also highlight the need to consider a supply-side approach. In this paper, we investigate how to improve clinic vaccination rates by altering provider behavior. Methodology. We implement and study a flu vaccine intervention among 145 clinics from nine different states. This intervention randomly assigned these clinics to a control group or one of two separate treatment arms that received either relative performance feedback or financial incentives. Results. We find clinics that received relative performance feedback outperformed all others: Our intervention led to a 12% increase in flu shots for this group of clinics. Moreover, we also find clinics in this group exhibit rank response behavior, specifically last-place aversion; in particular, clinics near last place outperform the corresponding control clinics by 23% points. Conclusion. Overall, we find that clinic-level performance feedback can effectively drive operational improvement. Even a small increase in the U.S. adult flu vaccination rate might confer hundreds of millions of dollars in societal benefits and prevents thousands of hospitalizations. We discuss the implications of our work for healthcare operations theory, healthcare providers, and healthcare administrators. This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.

Personalized Behavioral Nutrition Intervention in Older Asian Americans with Type 2 Diabetes during COVID-19 Pandemic: Study Protocol for a Pilot, Hybrid, Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jisook Ko ◽  
Yan Du ◽  
Rozmin Jiwani ◽  
Chengdong Li ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Behavioral Nutrition

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the in-person-based self-management approach (i.e., face-to-face or group approach) of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Older adults with T2D, including Asian Americans (AAs), have experienced worsening of diabetes control due to various reasons, including uncertainty of continuous access to essential diabetes medications, devices, education, limited health literacy, as well as constant anxiety and stress. Hybrid clinical trials that incorporate virtual elements into the in-person-based study could provide these vulnerable populations with accessible and timely interventions OBJECTIVE The primary aims of this pilot study are to determine (1) the effect of personalized behavioral nutrition (PBN) intervention on glycemic control, weight control, and metabolites profiles; and (2) the acceptability of PBN. to enhance glycemic control using personalized behavioral nutrition. METHODS Participants will be recruited with a web-based registry, advertisements in ethnic newspapers, and social network services popular among AAs. A total of 60 AAs, aged 65 years or older, who are descendants of Chinese, Korean, or South Asian, and have a diagnosis of T2D will be randomized into two groups: a PBN group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). A 4-week PBN intervention comprises three components: 1) digital self-monitoring; 2) personal nutrition change goals and recommendations; and 3) diabetes nutrition educations. All participants will complete digital self-monitoring on diet, physical activity, and blood glucose. In addition, all participants will access an interactive digital platform to track their self-monitoring data and communicate with the research team. The effectiveness and acceptability of implementing the intervention will be assessed. RESULTS Funding support and institutional review board approval for this study have been secured. Data collection started in August 2020 and is ongoing. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to determine the effectiveness and acceptability of PBN utilizing a metabolomics approach and digital-assisted intervention with hybrid RCT among older AAs. The findings of this pilot study will inform the development of a full-scale PBN protocol and hybrid clinical trials that can be adapted for people with T2D in the ongoing pandemic.

How negative mood hinders belief updating in depression: results from two experimental studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tobias Kube ◽  
Lukas Kirchner ◽  
Thomas Gärtner ◽  
Julia Anna Glombiewski
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Belief Updating ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Clinically Depressed ◽  
Happy Mood

Abstract Background In two experimental studies, we tested the hypothesis that negative mood would hinder the revision of negative beliefs in response to unexpectedly positive information in depression, whereas positive mood was expected to enhance belief updating. Methods In study 1 (N = 101), we used a subclinical sample to compare the film-based induction of sad v. happy mood with a distraction control group. Subsequently, participants underwent a well-established paradigm to examine intra-individual changes in performance-related expectations after unexpectedly positive performance feedback. In study 2, we applied the belief-updating task from study 1 to an inpatient sample (N = 81) and induced sad v. happy mood via film-clips v. recall of autobiographic events. Results The results of study 1 showed no significant group differences in belief updating; the severity of depressive symptoms was a negative predictor of belief revision, though, and there was a non-significant trend suggesting that the presence of sad mood hindered belief updating in the subgroup of participants with a diagnosed depressive episode. Study 2 revealed that participants updated their expectations significantly less in line with positive feedback when they underwent the induction of negative mood prior to feedback, relative to positive mood. Conclusions By indicating that the presence of negative mood can hinder the revision of negative beliefs in clinically depressed people, our findings suggest that learning from new experiences can be hampered if state negative mood is activated. Thus, interventions relying on learning from novel positive experiences should aim at reducing state negative mood in depression.

Buyer’s Bankruptcy Risk, Sourcing Strategy, and Firm Value: Evidence from the Supplier Protection Act

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karca D. Aral ◽  
Erasmo Giambona ◽  
Ye Wang
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regulatory Change ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Bankruptcy Risk ◽  
Sourcing Strategy

What should a distressed buyer’s sourcing strategy be? We find that this depends on the dynamics in a potential in-court bankruptcy. To establish causality, we use a novel sourcing data set in combination with a unique quasi-natural experimental setting provided by a regulatory shock that significantly strengthened the protection granted to suppliers when a distressed buyer files for bankruptcy: the Supplier Protection Act. We find that, following this regulatory change, the number of suppliers for buyers near financial distress (those most affected by the act, the treated group) increased by nearly 35% relative to financially sound firms (the control group). We also find that this shift allowed distressed buyers to obtain more trade credit, expand inventory holdings, and increase performance, leading to an overall increase in firm value of 7.2%. In turn, these effects led to a sizable reduction in the probability of the affected buyers defaulting and filing for bankruptcy. Our results have important implications for corporate executives: right-sizing the supply base can be critical for buyers near financial distress, and implementing policies to engage and protect suppliers can be the way out of distress. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.

An empirical examination of the relationship between globalization, integration and sustainable innovation within manufacturing networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 874-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruggero Golini ◽  
Jury Gualandris
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Sustainable Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Manufacturing Plants ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Manufacturing Networks ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Manufacturing Network

Purpose While controlling for supply chain effects, the purpose of this paper is to investigate if globalization and collaborative integration within a firm-wide manufacturing network have significant implications for the adoption of sustainable production (SP) and sustainable sourcing (SS) practices at the plant level. Design/methodology/approach The authors conceptualize SP and SS as process innovations with moderate degrees of innovativeness and apply “Organizational integration and process innovation” theory to build our conceptual model. Then, the authors use primary survey data from 471 assembly manufacturing plants operating in the US, Europe and Asia to test our hypotheses rigorously. Findings This research finds that the adoption of SP practices at the plant level is significantly and positively associated with globalization and integration of the firm-wide manufacturing network. On the contrary, the adoption of SS practices is more strongly affected by integration in the external supply chain and benefits from the manufacturing network only indirectly, through the association with SP practices. Originality/value Operations management literature devoted to sustainability has studied sustainable practices mostly from a risk management angle. Also, there exists contrasting evidence in the operations strategy literature about the positive and negative effects that globalization of a manufacturing network may have on the adoption of sustainable practices at the plant level. Moreover, several studies show how integration with supply chain partners helps manufacturing plants transition into more SP and SS practices; however, related literatures have neglected that collaborative integration within a firm-wide manufacturing network may also help to develop, or adapt to, new sustainable practices. This research represents a first attempt to resolve discordance and unveil the positive effects that manufacturing networks may have on sustainable innovations at the plant level.

Co-Creation and Healthcare Operations Management

2017 ◽  
pp. 400-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lillrank
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Healthcare Operations ◽  
Service Production ◽  
Healthcare Operations Management

Service research has produced a definition that sees services as the integration of customers' and producers' resources to co-create value. Clear articulation of hitherto obscure phenomena enables sharper thinking on how such phenomena could be managed. This article discusses the implications of co-creation in healthcare, a sector of society that is perceived as difficult to manage. Co-creation is here understood as a variable that has different intensity and significance in different areas of healthcare. The Demand – Supply –based operating logic (DSO) is used to segment health service production into areas where co-creation appears in different roles.

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