Online-Exclusive or Hybrid? Channel Merchandising Strategies for Ship-to-Store Implementation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necati Ertekin ◽  
Mehmet Gümüş ◽  
Mohammad E. Nikoofal
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Counterfactual Analysis ◽  
Retail Sales ◽  
Hybrid Products ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Exclusive Or ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

We study how merchandising products as online-exclusive (i.e., products available only online) versus hybrid (i.e., products available both online and offline) can improve the performance of ship-to-store (STS) services, an omnichannel retail fulfillment initiative that allows customers to pick up their online orders in-store. First, using a stylized model, we theoretically demonstrate that although STS is likely to increase sales, it may also entail the risk of losing some customers by exposing them to alternative products at nearby competitors during in-store pickup visits. Online-exclusive products and hybrid products are subject to this tradeoff at different degrees. To minimize the risk of STS, we theoretically propose a channel merchandising strategy for the STS implementation. Next, we empirically test our theoretical predictions using data from an omnichannel retailer that launched the STS functionality. We also conduct an empirical counterfactual analysis to quantify the benefits of our proposed channel merchandising strategy. Overall, our theoretical model coupled with the empirical analysis suggests that to improve the performance of STS implementation, an omnichannel retailer should offer (i) products that are somewhat generic, low-priced, and with high in-store availability as online-exclusive and (ii) products that are somewhat unique, high-priced, and with low in-store availability as hybrid. The counterfactual analysis reveals that the proposed channel merchandising strategy can improve STS performance by increasing overall retail sales by another 2.7% for the focal retailer. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.

A Longitudinal Analysts of Immigrant Occupational Mobility: A Test of the Immigrant Assimilation Hypothesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry R. Chiswick ◽  
Yew Liang Lee ◽  
Paul W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Occupational Mobility ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Immigrant Assimilation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
First Job ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Shaped Pattern

This article develops a model of the occupational mobility of immigrants and tests the hypotheses using data on males from the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Australia, Panel I. The theoretical model generates hypotheses regarding a U-shaped pattern of occupational mobility from the “last job” in the origin, to the “first job” in the destination, to subsequent jobs in the destination, and regarding the depth of the “U.” The survey includes data on pre-immigration occupation, the “first” occupation in Australia (at six months) and the occupation after about three-and-a-half years in Australia. The hypotheses are supported by the empirical analysis.

scholarly journals Competition and microfinance institutions’ performance: evidence from India

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailu Abebe Wondirad
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Competitive Market ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Abstract This paper empirically examines whether competition (measured by using the new measure of competition, the Boone Indicator) moderates the relationship between Microfinance Institutions’ (MFIs) social and financial performances using data from 183 Indian MFIs over the period 2005–2014. The findings indicate that MFIs’ social and financial performances have a positive significant relationship. Moreover, the form of the relationship is both lead-lag and cotemporal. The Indian microfinance market was very competitive over the period 2005–2014. The empirical findings show that competition positively moderates the relationship between MFIs’ social and financial performances. More precisely, the empirical analysis provides evidence that the association between MFIs’ depth of outreach and operational self-sufficiency is conditional upon competition. These results suggest that in a competitive market, the more MFI deepen their depth of outreach, the higher contribution it has to their operational self-sufficiency.

scholarly journals Does Regulation Matter? an Analysis of Corporate Charters in a Laissez-Faire Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Islas Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Investor Protection ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Agency Model ◽  
Laissez Faire ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

AbstractAre laws that protect minority investors a necessary condition for the development of stock markets? This paper attempts to answer this question using data on the origins of the corporate sector in Chile to construct an empirical analysis of the contractual provisions included in charters of corporations in the 19th century. Our findings indicate that, even though corporate law at the time was silent with respect to governance rules and investor protection, a significant number of corporations were created and their shares traded. The empirical analysis of the corporate charters reveals that these contracts frequently included provisions favourable to outside investors and the use of these provisions is consistent with the predictions of a simple agency model.

Voting for Wage Concessions: The Case of the 1982 GM-UAW Negotiations

ILR Review ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Kaufman ◽  
Jorge Martinez-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Median Voter ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Voter Model ◽  
Median Voter Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Stable Employment ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The authors of this paper use the median voter model to predict the patterns of rank-and-file voting on wage concessions in a multiplant setting, then test those predictions using data from the 1982 GM-UAW negotiations. The model predicts that workers in plants with large layoffs will vote in favor of a wage concession only if they believe that a concession will save their jobs. Surprisingly, workers in plants with growing or stable employment are also actually more likely to vote Yes. A third prediction is that the Yes vote will be smallest in plants with the most adversarial labor relations. The empirical analysis supports all three predictions.

Disaggregating Mediations: The Impact of Multiparty Mediation

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Böhmelt
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Multiparty Mediation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shared Culture ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Mediation Effectiveness

This article disaggregates coalitions of third-party mediators and examines their effectiveness in interventions. First, it is argued that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the size of a mediating coalition and mediation effectiveness. Secondly, mediators sharing a history of conflict and distrust will transfer their past relationships to a mediation attempt, making it less effective. Consequently, states sharing friendly and co-operative ties with each other are more successful in managing conflicts. Finally, a coalition of mediators that is largely democratic should be more effective due to a shared culture of peaceful conflict resolution, inclusivity and increased communication flows. The empirical analysis using data from the Issues Correlates of War Project for 1965–2000 largely provides support for the theory.

scholarly journals Exceptional performance of multinational suppliers: theory and evidence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Pham ◽  
Alan Woodland ◽  
Mauro Caselli
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Firm Level Data ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

AbstractThis paper focuses on an unexamined area of trade—the behaviour of heterogeneous intermediate suppliers facing final producers of different ability and pursuing different strategies. To inform our empirical analysis, we develop a theoretical model to analyse the choice of an intermediate supplier between selling to domestic producers, selling to multinational producers and/or exporting to foreign producers. The model’s predictions are: (i) sufficiently productive firms self-select into supplying to multinationals or exporting, while the most productive firms pursue both strategies, and (ii) the order of preferred strategies between supplying to multinationals and exporting depends on foreign direct investment inflows and export set-up costs. The paper uses firm-level data with rare information about multinational suppliers from 29 countries in Europe and Central Asia in 2002 and 2005 to test these theoretical predictions. The empirical analysis confirms both of our model’s predictions. Moreover, it suggests that multinational suppliers are more likely to have higher required levels of ex-ante labour productivity than exporters, implying that exporting is easier and a more popular choice for firms.

scholarly journals Conditional Spatial Policy Dependence

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 819-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Neumayer ◽  
Thomas Plümper
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Spatial Lag ◽  
Spatial Stimulus ◽  
Spatial Policy ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The authors discuss how scholars can bring theories of spatial policy dependence and empirical model specifications closer in line so that the empirical analysis actually tests the theoretical predictions. Comprehensive theories of spatial policy dependence typically suggest that the jurisdictions receiving spatial stimuli systematically differ in their exposure to such signals as a function of the intensity of their interaction with other jurisdictions. Similarly, theories often predict that governments also differ in their responsiveness to any given spatial stimulus as a function of the institutional, political, economic, or social context in which they operate. In other words, theories typically postulate that spatial dependence is conditional on exposure and responsiveness, neither of which is accounted for in the standard empirical practice of estimating one single common coefficient for a row-standardized spatial lag variable. The authors show how scholars can adequately model both forms of heterogeneity with properly specified interaction effects models.

scholarly journals Theoretical-empirical analysis of the role of the SGAFF in financing of farmers’ activities

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 476-488
Author(s):  
L. Čechura
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimal Model ◽  
Dynamic Optimization Problem ◽  
Lagrange Method ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The paper deals with the theoretical-empirical analysis of the role of the SGAFF in financing of farmers’ activities based on the dynamic optimal model and time series analysis. The dynamic optimization problem is solved by the Lagrange method. The application of the theoretical model shows that the lower is the interest rate paid by the farmer, the lower is the optimal consumption and consequently the farmer is willing to employ a higher part of the capital in the production. Thus, the initial capital is more effectively employed. The empirical part shows that the SGAFF’s activities significantly support the farmers’ investments. In spite of the problems in the setting of the SGAFF’s policy, the role of the SGAFF in financing of agricultural activities can be regarded as positive in the analyzed period. Moreover, the application of the theoretical model and the empirical analysis suggest that the SGAFF contributes to a more effective capital employment and thereby increases the competitiveness of Czech agriculture in the long run.

Performance Measurement of Local Welfare Programmes: Evidence from Madrid's Regional Government

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ayala ◽  
Francisco Pedraja ◽  
Javier Salinas-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Local Agencies ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Interest in how social assistance programmes are organized has recently heightened, fed by concerns about the limits on achieving greater efficiency. Most available evidence considers performance indicators that are too general, there being few studies relating the use of inputs to outcomes. We compare different performance indicators of Madrid's programme with resource endowments in a group of local agencies of social services. In addition to constructing a detailed system of input and performance indicators, an empirical analysis of efficiency for each of the social services agencies is carried out using data envelopment analysis. Results confirm that there is a wide margin for obtaining efficiency gains. The empirical analysis shows that some detected inefficiencies arise from an excessive number of staff in relation to the work to be performed. Agencies with a higher incidence of social problems present higher efficiency scores.

scholarly journals Solidaristic Unionism and Support for Redistribution in Contemporary Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Mosimann ◽  
Jonas Pontusson
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Wage Bargaining ◽  
High Wage ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Using data from the European Social Survey (2002–14), this article explores the effect of union membership on support for redistribution. The authors hypothesize that the wage-bargaining practices of unions promote egalitarian distributive norms, which lead union members to support redistribution, and that this effect is strongest among high-wage workers. Consistent with the authors’ expectations, the empirical analysis shows that the solidarity effect of union membership is strongest when unions encompass a very large share of the labor force or primarily organize low-wage workers. The authors also show that low-wage workers have become a significantly less important union constituency in many European countries over the time period covered by the analysis.

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