scholarly journals A Rare Case of Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Labied ◽  
Houria Tabakh ◽  
Hamza Guezri ◽  
Abdellatif Siwane ◽  
Najwa Touil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Chronic Diarrhoea ◽  
Abnormal Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Pancreatic Exocrine ◽  
Lipomatous Pseudohypertrophy

Lipomatous pseudohypertrophy (LPH) of the pancreas is an uncommon affection of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. It is defined as substitution of the pancreatic exocrine gland by a large fat component. We report the case of a young patient with malabsorption syndrome (chronic diarrhoea and steatorrhoea), abnormal laboratory results and normal fibroscopy. Computed tomography revealed characteristic diffuse pancreatic abnormalities.

Gastric emptying of oil and aqueous meal components in pancreatic insufficiency: effects of posture and on appetite

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. G925-G932 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Carney ◽  
K. L. Jones ◽  
M. Horowitz ◽  
W. M. Sun ◽  
R. Penagini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Exocrine Insufficiency ◽  
Left Lateral Decubitus Position ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pancreatic Exocrine ◽  
Lateral Decubitus

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of posture on gastric emptying, intragastric distribution, and satiation after a meal containing oil and aqueous phases in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Five patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) consumed 60 ml 99mTc-labeled (V)-thiocyanate olive oil and 290 ml 113mIn-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid soup while sitting and while lying in the left lateral decubitus position. Hunger and fullness before and after the meal were recorded. Results were compared with those obtained in 11 normal volunteers. In both postures emptying of oil was faster (P < 0.01) in CF patients. Emptying of the aqueous phase was faster (P < 0.01) in CF patients in the decubitus position. In normal subjects there was no overall difference in emptying of oil between the two postures, whereas emptying of the aqueous phase was delayed (P < 0.01) in the decubitus position. In CF patients emptying of oil was faster (P < 0.01) in the decubitus position, and emptying of the aqueous phase was only slightly faster (P < 0.05) in the sitting position. For both postures there was greater retention (P < 0.05) of oil in the proximal stomach in normal subjects than CF patients. Hunger decreased (P < 0.05) after the meal in the control subjects, but there was no change in CF patients. These results indicate that in CF patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency 1) gastric emptying of nonhomogenized fat is faster than normal, 2) gravity affects gastric emptying of oil, and 3) effects of a fatty meal on hunger are reduced.

scholarly journals Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Diabetic Patients: Prevalence, Mechanisms, and Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Piciucchi ◽  
Gabriele Capurso ◽  
Livia Archibugi ◽  
Martina Maria Delle Fave ◽  
Marina Capasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Islet Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Exocrine Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Exocrine Insufficiency ◽  
Pancreatic Exocrine ◽  
The Impact

Pancreas is a doubled-entity organ, with both an exocrine and an endocrine component, reciprocally interacting in a composed system whose function is relevant for digestion, absorption, and homeostasis of nutrients. Thus, it is not surprising that disorders of the exocrine pancreas also affect the endocrine system and vice versa. It is well-known that patients with chronic pancreatitis develop a peculiar form of diabetes (type III), caused by destruction and fibrotic injury of islet cells. However, less is known on the influence of diabetes on pancreatic exocrine function. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) has been reported to be common in diabetics, with a prevalence widely ranging, in different studies, in both type I (25–74%) and type II (28–54%) diabetes. A long disease duration, high insulin requirement, and poor glycemic control seem to be risk factors for PEI occurrence. The impact of pancreatic exocrine replacement therapy on glycemic, insulin, and incretins profiles has not been fully elucidated. The present paper is aimed at reviewing published studies investigating the prevalence of PEI in diabetic patients and factors associated with its occurrence.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF FECAL ELASTASE 1 FOR EXOCRINE PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY EVALUATION BETWEEN EX-ALCOHOLICS AND CHRONIC PANCREATITIS PATIENTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejane MATTAR ◽  
Gustavo André Silva LIMA ◽  
Marianges Zadrozny Gouvêa da COSTA ◽  
Joyce M Kinoshita SILVA-ETTO ◽  
Dulce GUARITA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency ◽  
Exocrine Insufficiency ◽  
Noninvasive Test ◽  
Fecal Elastase ◽  
Elastase 1 ◽  
Pancreatic Exocrine

Context Fecal elastase is a noninvasive test for pancreatic insufficiency diagnosis. Objectives Evaluate the usefulness of fecal elastase 1 for the indication of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency among former alcohol addicts and patients with chronic pancreatitis. Methods Forty-three patients with chronic pancreatitis and thirty-three asymptomatic former alcohol addicts entered the study. The levels of fecal elastase 1 were measured using a commercial kit. Pancreatic imaging findings were used to categorize the groups. Results The levels of fecal elastase 1 were significantly lower in the patients than in the former alcohol addicts and in the group with tissue calcifications, duct alterations, or atrophy. With a cutoff level of 100 μg/g, the sensitivity of fecal elastase 1 in chronic pancreatitis was 46.51% and its specificity was 87.88% with a positive predictive value of 83.33% and a negative predictive value of 55.77%. When patients were stratified according to the severity of their pancreatitis, the sensitivity was 6.25% for mild pancreatitis and 70.37% for marked pancreatitis. Conclusion Low level of fecal elastase 1 was associated with marked rather than mild chronic pancreatitis; however, it may be useful to indicate pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in asymptomatic former alcohol addicts.

scholarly journals Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Diabetes Mellitus: A Complication of Diabetic Neuropathy or a Different Type of Diabetes?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Hardt ◽  
Nils Ewald
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Exocrine Insufficiency ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Pancreatic Exocrine

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is a frequently observed phenomenon in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Alterations of exocrine pancreatic morphology can also be found frequently in diabetic patients. Several hypotheses try to explain these findings, including lack of insulin as a trophic factor for exocrine tissue, changes in secretion and/or action of other islet hormones, and autoimmunity against common endocrine and exocrine antigens. Another explanation might be that diabetes mellitus could also be a consequence of underlying pancreatic diseases (e.g., chronic pancreatitis). Another pathophysiological concept proposes the functional and morphological alterations as a consequence of diabetic neuropathy. This paper discusses the currently available studies on this subject and tries to provide an overview of the current concepts of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals A rare case of maxillary ameloblastic fibro-odontoma and a review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Marie Cossiez ◽  
David Del Pin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Delayed Eruption

Introduction: Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is a benign complex odontogenic tumor in the mandible in children and adolescents. Observation: A 9-year-old boy was referred to the dental department for the delayed eruption of tooth 26. He was asymptomatic, and on clinical examination, we found that tooth 26 was absent with tumefaction instead of the tooth. Cone beam computed tomography revealed an opaque mass in the root of 26. The management was surgical, and anatomopathological examination facilitated the diagnosis of AFO. Commentary: The upper maxillary localization of AFO is rare and is not often a practitioner's first thought. Surgical excision of the tumor is essential based on the histological diagnosis. The patient must be followed up after 3 months and regularly until the eruption of the affected tooth. Conclusion: AFO is one of the differential diagnoses to be considered when a young patient presents with firm swelling with delayed eruption of the opposing tooth, especially since it has good prognosis and is easy to manage.

scholarly journals Digestive enzyme replacement relieves growth failure in preterm infants with poor exocrine pancreatic function: a retrospective case series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Münch ◽  
Christoph Bührer ◽  
Ann Carolin Longardt
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Function ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
Fecal Pancreatic Elastase

AbstractIn orally fed preterm infants, poor weight gain may be linked to low fecal pancreatic elastase-1 (FPE-1) activity, indicative of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The objective of this study was the retrospective assessment of the effect of exogenous digestive enzyme replacement by gavage in preterm infants with growth failure and low FPE-1 (<200 μg/g). We analyzed weight gain relative to baseline and caloric intake during 14-day periods before and after institution of digestive enzyme replacement containing 6000 U lipase and 240 U protease kg−1 d−1. Among 46 of 132 preterm infants < 1250g birth weight surviving to at least 14 days in whom FPE-1 was determined, 38 infants had low FPE-1 (< 200 μg/g), and 33 infants received exogenous digestive enzyme replacement. Average daily weight gain significantly increased from 14.4 [range 2.6–22.4] g kg−1 d−1 to 17.4 [8.4–29.0] g kg−1 d−1 (P = 0.001), as did weight gain per kcal, from 0.08 [0.02–0.13] g kcal−1 d−1 to 0.11 [0.05–0.18] g kcal−1 d−1.Conclusion: In preterm infants with signs and symptoms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, exogenous digestive enzyme replacement is associated with improved growth. What is Known:• Very preterm infants on full enteral nutrition may display growth failure linked to transient poor exocrine pancreatic function.• Porcine pancreatic enzymes covered with an acid-resistant coating are too large to pass the internal diameter of most gavage tubes used in very preterm infants.What is New:• Administration of a liquid formulation of acid-resistant microbial digestive enzymes in preterm infants with growth failure and low fecal pancreatic elastase-1 values was associated with improved weight gain.• Response to exogenous digestive enzyme replacement was associated with the prior extent of growth failure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document