Equine Review

UK-Vet Equine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 228-228
Author(s):  
Russell Parker
Keyword(s):  
Spinous Process ◽  
Needle Placement ◽  
Fluid Infusion ◽  
Interspinous Ligament ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Intertarsal Joint

Introduction: This edition of Equine Review looks at the value of continuous per rectum fluid infusion, treatment of dorsal spinous process impingement by interspinous ligament desmotomy, and the use of radiographic monitoring to improve accuracy of needle placement into the distal intertarsal joint.

scholarly journals Towards a companion system for collision avoidance during robot-assisted needle placement

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Eva Currle ◽  
Johannes Hemm ◽  
Armin Schäfer ◽  
Philipp Beckerle ◽  
Johannes Horsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Robotic Assistance ◽  
Needle Placement ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Augmented Reality Application ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Assistance Systems

Abstract Robotic assistance systems for surgery enable fast and precise interventions with reduced complication rates. However, these benefits are accompanied by a more complex operating room (OR) and the risk of collision with robotic assistance systems. Current strategies for collision avoidance and minimizing possible injuries require the adaptation of robotic trajectories and a computational model of the surroundings. In contrast, this work presents a novel companion system for collision avoidance without influencing robotic trajectories. The companion system consists of a preoperative planning application and an augmented reality application for intraoperative support. The companion system visualizes the workflow within the OR and allows robot movements to be seen virtually, before they are executed by the actual robotic assistance system. Preliminary experiments with users imply that the companion system leads to a positive user experience, enables users to follow a predefined workflow in the OR, but requires further refinement to improve accuracy for practical collision avoidance.

Quantitative morphology of the human and porcine mid-lumbar interspinous ligament

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Dumas ◽  
B. R. Hewlett ◽  
D. A. Bednar ◽  
J. P. Dickey
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Collagen Fibre ◽  
Interspinous Ligament ◽  
Dorsal Portion ◽  
Spinal Mechanics ◽  
Spine Research

SummaryAnimal models are essential in spine research for evaluating implants and for studying spinal mechanics. Several studies have compared the geometrical characteristics of animal and human vertebrae, but few studies have compared the structure of the spinal ligaments. The purpose of this study was to systematically quantify the collagen fibre orientation of the porcine and human interspinous ligament and thereby allow clearer interpretation of function. Human and porcine lumbar spine segments were loaded with a 10 Nm pure-flexion moment and chemically fixed. The sagittal plane collagen fibre orientation in the mid-lumbar interspinous ligaments was quantified by examining histological sections using a plane-polarized light macroscope and custom analysis software. The specimens showed collagen fibres in a posterior-cranial orientation originating from the superior aspect of the spinous process of the inferior vertebra and merging into the supraspinous ligament. There were not any statistically significant differences in interspinous ligament collagen fibre orientation between the human and porcine specimens. The middle and ventral spaces between the spinous processes of the human specimens contained loose disorganized collagen, skeletal muscle, and voids. The main load-bearing component of porcine and human interspinous ligament at the midlumbar level appears to be the dorsal portion, which is oriented at approximately 77-79 degrees with respect to the mid-disc plane. This dorsal aspect has a long moment arm and therefore is well suited to prevent excessive flexion. The similarity of the interspinous ligament morphology suggests that the porcine lumbar spine is a good model of the human lumbar spine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the applicability of musculoskeletal ultrasonography of the thoracolumbar and lumbar spine segment of healthy dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2278-2283
Author(s):  
Érika R. Lopes ◽  
Gabriela M.C. Bellegard ◽  
Fábio S. Cury ◽  
Felipe A.S. Abreu ◽  
Carlos E. Ambrósio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Interspinous Ligament ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Normal Spine

ABSTRACT: Changes in the spine of dogs are usually detected in clinical and in surgical practice. Few studies exist on musculoskeletal ultrasound anatomy of the thoracolumbar and lumbar segments of the normal spine of dogs. This study aimed to compare the normal musculoskeletal ultrasound anatomy of the T10-S1 vertebral segments with images obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and anatomical structures, and to establish the ability to identify structures using these modalities. Ultrasound scans allowed visualization of the muscles of the region, articular processes, spinous process, interspinous ligament, and yellow ligament in the lumbosacral window. Computed tomography images provided better bone details, compared to ultrasound images. Low-field MRI allowed the identification of the same structures identified with ultrasound imaging, and allowed the identification of cerebrospinal fluid, transverse processes, and provided improved detail of the intervertebral discs and spinal cord. Knowledge of ultrasound anatomy of the region may allow the the identification of muscle and ligament injuries. Thus, in cities where CT and MRI are inaccessible, ultrasonography of the region could be a good alternative to identify possible changes not observable with radiographic examination or to complement radiographic examination.

Virtual Reality Based Enhanced Visualization of Epidural Insertion

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Vaughan ◽  
Venketesh N. Dubey ◽  
Michael Y. K. Wee ◽  
Richard Isaacs
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Space ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Stereoscopic Vision ◽  
Needle Placement ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Stereoscopic 3D ◽  
Interspinous Ligament ◽  
Full Color

This paper outlines an approach to create stereoscopic 3D computer graphics for visualization of epidural insertions. The graphics are built from several 3D vertex models of the anatomical structures including the vertebrae, tissue layers and the skin, subcutaneous fat, supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum and epidural space. The 3D models are wrapped with full color textures and vertex edges are rounded. The objects are stored in object files and are rendered as 3D by a custom OpenGL application. Graphics drivers calculate the angles and offset for the two separate stereo images and render both in 3D. The stereoscopic images are viewed through a visor containing two OLED micro-displays in stereo using the page-flipped method. The completed stereo simulation allows depth to be perceived so that the operator can judge depth of the needle tip in relation to tissue layers and bones, which aids to the location of the epidural space. Applying stereoscopic vision to epidural simulators will help the operator to visualize the depths required for correct needle placement in the epidural space.

scholarly journals The comprehensive anatomical spinal osteotomy and anterior column realignment classification

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan S. Uribe ◽  
Frank Schwab ◽  
Gregory M. Mundis ◽  
David S. Xu ◽  
Jacob Januszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy ◽  
Anterior Column ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Interspinous Ligament ◽  
Radiographic Outcomes ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Additional Resection

OBJECTIVESpinal osteotomies and anterior column realignment (ACR) are procedures that allow preservation or restoration of spine lordosis. Variations of these techniques enable different degrees of segmental, regional, and global sagittal realignment. The authors propose a comprehensive anatomical classification system for ACR and its variants based on the level of technical complexity and invasiveness. This serves as a common language and platform to standardize clinical and radiographic outcomes for the utilization of ACR.METHODSThe proposed classification is based on 6 anatomical grades of ACR, including anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) release, with varying degrees of posterior column release or osteotomies. Additionally, a surgical approach (anterior, lateral, or posterior) was added. Reliability of the classification was evaluated by an analysis of 16 clinical cases, rated twice by 14 different spine surgeons, and calculation of Fleiss kappa coefficients.RESULTSThe 6 grades of ACR are as follows: grade A, ALL release with hyperlordotic cage, intact posterior elements; grade 1 (ACR + Schwab grade 1), additional resection of the inferior facet and joint capsule; grade 2 (ACR + Schwab grade 2), additional resection of both superior and inferior facets, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, lamina, and spinous process; grade 3 (ACR + Schwab grade 3), additional adjacent-level 3-column osteotomy including pedicle subtraction osteotomy; grade 4 (ACR + Schwab grade 4), 2-level distal 3-column osteotomy including pedicle subtraction osteotomy and disc space resection; and grade 5 (ACR + Schwab grade 5), complete or partial removal of a vertebral body and both adjacent discs with or without posterior element resection. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were 97% and 98%, respectively, across the 14-reviewer cohort.CONCLUSIONSThe proposed anatomical realignment classification provides a consistent description of the various posterior and anterior column release/osteotomies. This reliability study confirmed that the classification is consistent and reproducible across a diverse group of spine surgeons.

1792: Technique and Accuracy of a Clinical System for Transrectal Intraprostatic Needle Placement in a Standard 1.5T MRI Scanner

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 473-474
Author(s):  
Robert C. Susil ◽  
Jonathan A. Coleman ◽  
Axel Krieger ◽  
Kevin Camphausen ◽  
C. Norman Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Needle Placement

Use of Intraoperative Navigation Update to Improve Accuracy during Skull Base Surgery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Oemke ◽  
Margaret Pain ◽  
Daniel Charytonowicz ◽  
Leslie Schlachter ◽  
Anthony Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Skull Base Surgery ◽  
Intraoperative Navigation ◽  
Improve Accuracy

Use of Second Harmonic and Thermal Effects of Laser Voltage Probing for Better Fault Isolation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramya Yeluri ◽  
Ravishankar Thirugnanasambandam ◽  
Cameron Wagner ◽  
Jonathan Urtecho ◽  
Jan M. Neirynck
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
First Case ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Degradation Monitoring ◽  
Technology Nodes

Abstract Laser voltage probing (LVP) has been extensively used for fault isolation over the last decade; however fault isolation in practice primarily relies on good-to-bad comparisons. In the case of complex logic failures at advanced technology nodes, understanding the components of the measured data can improve accuracy and speed of fault isolation. This work demonstrates the use of second harmonic and thermal effects of LVP to improve fault isolation with specific examples. In the first case, second harmonic frequency is used to identify duty cycle degradation. Monitoring the relative amplitude of the second harmonic helps identify minute deviations in the duty cycle with a scan over a region, as opposed to collecting multiple high resolution waveforms at each node. This can be used to identify timing degradation such as signal slope variation as well. In the second example, identifying abnormal data at the failing device as temperature dependent effect helps refine the fault isolation further.

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