2P2-B04 Development of a Shoulder Joint Support Equipment Based on Scapula Motion Analysis : A Three Dimensions Scapula Motion Model(Rehabilitation Robotics and Mechatronics)

Cala, S. J., C. M. Kenyon, G. Ferrigno, P. Carnevali, A. Aliverti, A. Pedotti, P. T. Macklem, and D. F. Rochester. Chest wall and lung volume estimation by optical reflectance motion analysis. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2680–2689, 1996.—Estimation of chest wall motion by surface measurements only allows one-dimensional measurements of the chest wall. We have assessed an optical reflectance system (OR), which tracks reflective markers in three dimensions (3-D) for respiratory use. We used 86 (6-mm-diameter) hemispherical reflective markers arranged circumferentially on the chest wall in seven rows between the sternal notch and the anterior superior iliac crest in two normal standing subjects. We calculated the volume of the entire chest wall and compared inspired and expired volumes with volumes obtained by spirometry. Marker positions were recorded by four TV cameras; two were 4 m in front of and two were 4 m behind the subject. The TV signals were sampled at 100 Hz and combined with grid calibration parameters on a personal computer to obtain the 3-D coordinates of the markers. Chest wall surfaces were reconstructed by triangulation through the point data, and chest wall volume was calculated. During tidal breathing and vital capacity maneuvers and during CO2-stimulated hyperpnea, there was a very close correlation of the lung volumes (Vl) estimated by spirometry [Vl(SP)] and OR [Vl(OR)]. Regression equations of Vl(OR) ( y) vs. Vl(SP) ( x,btps in liters) for the two subjects were given by y = 1.01 x − 0.01 ( r = 0.996) and y = 0.96 x + 0.03 ( r = 0.997), and by y = 1.04 x + 0.25 ( r = 0.97) and y = 0.98 x + 0.14 ( r = 0.95) for the two maneuvers, respectively. We conclude spirometric volumes can be estimated very accurately and directly from chest wall surface markers, and we speculate that OR may be usefully applied to calculations of chest wall shape, regional volumes, and motion analysis.

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Effects of Upper Trunk Rotation on Shoulder Joint Torque among Baseball Pitchers of Various Levels

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.23.1.42 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 42-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 125

Author(s):

Arnel L. Aguinaldo ◽

Janet Buttermore ◽

Henry Chambers

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Motion Analysis ◽

Overuse Injury ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Specific Pattern ◽

Joint Torque ◽

Overuse Injuries ◽

Trunk Rotation ◽

Joint Loading ◽

Improve Performance

High rotational torques during baseball pitching are believed to be linked to most overuse injuries at the shoulder. This study investigated the effects of trunk rotation on shoulder rotational torques during pitching. A total of 38 pitchers from the professional, college, high school, and youth ranks were recruited for motion analysis. Professional pitchers demonstrated the least amount of rotational torque (p= .001) among skeletally mature players, while exhibiting the ability to rotate their trunks significantly later in the pitching cycle, as compared to other groups (p= .01). It was concluded that the timing of their rotation was optimized as to allow the throwing shoulder to move with decreased joint loading by conserving the momentum generated by the trunk. These results suggest that a specific pattern in throwing can be utilized to increase the efficiency of the pitch, which would allow a player to improve performance with decreased risk of overuse injury.

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Passivity-Based Visual Feedback Pose Regulation Integrating a Target Motion Model in Three Dimensions

SICE Journal of Control Measurement and System Integration ◽

10.9746/jcmsi.6.322 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 322-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tatsuya IBUKI ◽

Takeshi HATANAKA ◽

Masayuki FUJITA

Keyword(s):

Visual Feedback ◽

Target Motion ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Motion Model

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Validation of Functional Methods for Calculating Shoulder Joint Centers Using 3D Motion Analysis

Volume 2: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering ◽

10.1115/imece2010-40386 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Derek J. Lura ◽

Stephanie L. Carey ◽

Rajiv V. Dubey

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Motion Analysis ◽

Hip Joint ◽

Gradient Method ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Analysis Data ◽

3D Motion Analysis ◽

Functional Methods ◽

Joint Center ◽

Hip Joint Center

Research in upper body kinematics and kinetics requires accurate estimation of anatomical joints. Currently the use of regressive techniques using anatomical landmarks is the most common way of calculating upper limb joint centers. Research has shown that functional joint center methods can produce more accurate results than traditional regressive methods in the estimation of hip joint center. This paper investigates the use of functional methods for the estimation of the shoulder joint center using 3D motion analysis data. Three methods for calculating the functional joint center were tested: 1) a standard sphere fit regression, 2) a regression developed and tested for use finding the hip joint center (Piazza method) [1], and 3) a gradient method developed for this paper similar to the one used by Schonauer [2]. First the functional joint center methods were tested in MATLAB using data with random points rotating around a known joint center with varying amounts of noise. Using the MATLAB calculations the accuracy and repeatability of each method was analyzed. Functional joint centers were then calculated from two sets of motion analysis data. The first data set contained shoulder range of motion data, and the second set was gathered during activities of daily living (ADL). Both motion analysis sets used data collected from a healthy adult male subject using a Vicon motion analysis system. The repeatability of each method using the motion analysis data was then analyzed. The MATLAB tests show that the gradient method has the highest tolerance to noise in the data. Results from the motion analysis test show that, of the methods tested, no functional method was found to have consistent results for individual tasks. Each of the functional methods requires a range of motion not prevalent in most ADLs in order to generate a reliable joint center. Joint centers calculations improved in accuracy and reliability with a greater number of trials and larger range of motion. The functional methods are suitable for use in future studies that include a large range of motion.

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