scholarly journals Time Domain Reflectometric Studies on Methylcellosolve – Acetylacetone Binary Solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-721
Author(s):  
Dineshkumar Pandi ◽  
Naganandhini paramasivam ◽  
Sangeetha Tiruchithan ◽  
Arivazhagan Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Entire Concentration Range ◽  
Binary Solutions ◽  
Parallel Orientation ◽  
Volume Fractions ◽  
Kirkwood Correlation Factor ◽  
Excess Permittivity

Time Domain Reflectometric studies has been applied on the binary solutions of methylcellosolve (MCS) with acetylacetone (ACACT) in the entire concentration range at 298 K in the frequency range of 10 MHz – 32 GHz. The values of relaxation time (τ), effective Kirkwood correlation factor (geff ), corrective Kirkwood correlation factor (gf ) and excess permittivity (εE ) have been calculated. The relaxation time of MCS slowly decreases with increase in ACACT concentration suggesting that the size of the heteroassociated rotating unit decreases. The rate at which τ value decreases is more in MCS rich solutions which means that the formation of heteromolecular H – bonds dominantly occur in MCS rich solutions. Parallel orientation among the dipoles occur as suggested by the g^eff values which are greater than unity in all the solutions. The excess permittivity ε^E values calculated using mole and volume fractions qualitatively exhibit the same deviation from ideal behaviour.

scholarly journals Dielectric properties of benzylamine in 1,2,6-hexanetriol mixture using time domain reflectometry technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650034
Author(s):  
M. B. Swami ◽  
P. G. Hudge ◽  
V. P. Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Complex Permittivity ◽  
Intramolecular Interaction ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Kirkwood Correlation Factor

The dielectric properties of binary mixtures of benzylamine-1,2,6-hexantriol mixtures at different volume fractions of 1,2,6-hexanetriol have been measured using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique in the frequency range of 10 MHz to 30 GHz. Complex permittivity spectra were fitted using Havriliak–Negami equation. By using least square fit method the dielectric parameters such as static dielectric constant ([Formula: see text]), dielectric constant at high frequency ([Formula: see text]), relaxation time [Formula: see text] (ps) and relaxation distribution parameter ([Formula: see text]) were extracted from complex permittivity spectra at 25[Formula: see text]C. The intramolecular interaction of different molecules has been discussed using the Kirkwood correlation factor, Bruggeman factor. The Kirkwood correlation factor ([Formula: see text]) and effective Kirkwood correlation factor ([Formula: see text]) indicate the dipole ordering of the binary mixtures.

scholarly journals Dielectric Relaxation Studies of 2-Butoxyethanol with Aniline and Substituted Anilines Using Time Domain Reflectometry

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jeevanandham ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
P. Periyasamy ◽  
A. C. Kumbharkhane
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Substituted Anilines ◽  
Dielectric Parameters ◽  
Kirkwood Correlation Factor ◽  
Least Square Fit

The complex dielectric spectra of 2-butoxyethanol with aniline and substituted anilines like aniline, o-chloroaniline, m-chloroaniline, o-anisidine and m-anisidine binary mixtures in the composition of different volumes of percent (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) have been measured as a function of frequency between 10 MHz and 30 GHz at 298.15 K. The dielectric parameters like static dielectric constant ε0 and relaxation time τ have been obtained by using least square fit method. By using these parameters ε0,τ, effective Kirkwood correlation factor geff, corrective Kirkwood correlation factor gf, Bruggeman factor fB, excess dielectric constant εE, and excess inverse relaxation time 1/τE values are calculated and discussed to yield information on the dipolar alignment and molecular rotation of the binary liquid mixtures. From all the derived dielectric parameters, molecular interactions are interpreted through hydrogen bonding.

scholarly journals Complex and thermodynamic properties of polar liquids using time domain reflectometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850032
Author(s):  
Shagufta Tabassum ◽  
V. P. Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation Time ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Polar Liquids ◽  
Bruggeman Parameter

The study of complex properties in a binary mixture of 1,2-dichloroethane (DE) and [Formula: see text]-methylformamide (NMF) polar liquids has been carried out in the frequency range of 10[Formula: see text]MHz to 30[Formula: see text]GHz for 11 different concentrations using time domain reflectometry technique at 283, 288, 293 and 298[Formula: see text]K temperatures. Complex property of binary liquids indicates the type of distribution of the dielectric relaxation time. The Bruggeman parameter gives the information about molecular interactions within binary polar liquids. Thermodynamic parameter deals with the passing of a dipole across a potential barrier which separates the minima of energy.

Dielectric relaxation of butyl acrylate—alcohol mixtures using time domain reflectometry

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dharmalingam ◽  
K. Ramachandran ◽  
P. Sivagurunathan ◽  
B. Prabhakar Undre ◽  
P. Khirade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation Time ◽  
Inverse Relaxation Time ◽  
Alcohol Mixtures ◽  
Excess Inverse Relaxation Time

AbstractDielectric relaxation measurements of butyl acrylate—alcohol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures within the frequency range of 10 MHz to 10 GHz have been carried out using time domain reflectometry. Parameters such as the static permittivity, dielectric relaxation time, the Kirkwood correlation factor, the excess inverse relaxation time, and thermodynamic functions were determined and discussed to yield information on the molecular structure and dynamics of the mixture. The value of the dielectric properties decreases with increasing butyl acrylate concentration in alcohol and systematically varies with the length of alcohol alkyl chain. Negative values of the excess inverse relaxation time found for all concentrations and at all temperatures studied may indicate that the effective dipoles rotate slowly.

Dielectric Studies of Inter-and Intramolecular Motions in the Nematic and Isotropic Phases of 7CP5BOC

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 545-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Urban ◽  
Bo Gestblom ◽  
Roman Dąbrowski
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Dielectric Permittivity ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Nematic Phase ◽  
Activation Enthalpy ◽  
Dielectric Anisotropy ◽  
Dielectric Studies ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Impedance Analyzer ◽  
Intramolecular Motions

The dielectric relaxation of 7CP5BOC (2-chloro-4-heptylphenly 4-pentylbicyclo-[2,2,2]octan-l-car-boxylate) in its isotropic and nematic phase has been studied. The substance has a negative dielectric anisotropy. The complex dielectric permittivity was measured in the frequency range 10 kHz -3 GHz with the aid of an impedance analyzer and a time domain spectroscopy (TDS) method. The relaxation time, activation enthalpy and dielectric increments, characterizing the rotation of the molecules about the principal inertia axes, were obtained. It was found that the relaxation process connected with rota-tions about the long axis can be split into two independent motions of molecular moieties around the

scholarly journals A Comparison of Time-Domain Implementation Methods for Fractional-Order Battery Impedance Models

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4415
Author(s):  
Brian Ospina Agudelo ◽  
Walter Zamboni ◽  
Eric Monmasson
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Interesting Approach ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Impedance Parameters ◽  
Impedance Models ◽  
Made In

This paper is a comparative study of the multiple RC, Oustaloup and Grünwald–Letnikov approaches for time domain implementations of fractional-order battery models. The comparisons are made in terms of accuracy, computational burden and suitability for the identification of impedance parameters from time-domain measurements. The study was performed in a simulation framework and focused on a set of ZARC elements, representing the middle frequency range of Li-ion batteries’ impedance. It was found that the multiple RC approach offers the best accuracy–complexity compromise, making it the most interesting approach for real-time battery simulation applications. As for applications requiring the identification of impedance parameters, the Oustaloup approach offers the best compromise between the goodness of the obtained frequency response and the accuracy–complexity requirements.

Hypersonic Velocity, Absorption and Relaxation in Molten CSNO3

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Gunilla Knape ◽  
Lena M. Torell
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Viscosity Coefficient ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocities ◽  
Hypersonic Velocity ◽  
Frequency Shifts ◽  
Bulk Viscosity Coefficient ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Brillouin spectra of molten CSNO3 were investigated for scattering angles between 40 and 140° and in a temperature interval of 420-520 °C. An Ar+ singlemode laser was used for excitation and the total instrumental width was ~265 MHz. The measured frequency shifts and linewidths of the Brillouin components were used to determine velocities and attenuations of thermal sound waves in the frequency range 2.3-7.0 GHz. A dispersion of 4-5% was found between the present hyper­ sonic velocities and reported ultrasonic velocities. A considerable decrease in attenuation with frequency was observed in the investigated frequency range, with the value at high frequency ap­ proaching the classical attenuation. The results are in good agreement with Mountain's theory of a single relaxation time. The relaxation time of the bulk viscosity coefficient was calculated to 1.2×10-10S.

scholarly journals Configurational Statistics

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (85) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Nagle
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Residual Entropy ◽  
Dipolar Interactions ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Kirkwood Correlation Factor ◽  
Polarization Factor

Abstract Theories of the dielectric constant in ice differ in three fundamentally different ways that are often confused with each other. First, there is the choice of interactions to include in the model, notably whether to try to include long-range dipolar interactions as in the Kirkwood theory or to include only the short-range ice-rule interactions. Second, there is the choice of the kind of statistical quantity calculated, e.g. the Kirkwood correlation factor g or the polarization factor G, which Stillinger and Cotter showed to be different. Finally, there is the choice of the kind of computational tool used, and in original papers this choice often obscures the first two differences. With these distinctions in mind a review is given of current theoretical calculations of the dielectric constant and the residual entropy and how the different theories relate to each other and to experiments.

Properties of Bi and BiSb Nano-Dimensional Layers in Thz Frequency Range

2020 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Ivan L. Tkhorzhevskiy ◽  
Anton D. Zaitsev ◽  
Petr S. Demchenko ◽  
Dmitry V. Zykov ◽  
Aleksei V. Asach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Terahertz Wave ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy ◽  
Antimony Content ◽  
Mobility Of Charge Carriers ◽  
Substrate Film

In the present paper we demonstrate and compare different properties of Bi and Bi1-xSbx thin films placed on polyimide (PI) substrate in frequency range from 0.2 to 1.0 THz. Bi films with a thickness of 40, 105 and 150 nm have been studied as well as 150 nm Bi1-xSbx solid solutions with Sb concentration of 5, 8, 12 and 15 %. An effective refractive index and permittivity of whole substrate/film structures have been derived by using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) method. These measurements have shown the positive phase shift in PI substrate with a thickness of 42 μm and revealed that it is barely transparent in studied frequency range, but the whole substrate/film structure provides the negative phase shift of terahertz wave. It was shown that the permittivity depends on mobility of charge carriers which is driven by film thickness and antimony content.

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