Low-altitude Sensing of Urban Atmospheric Turbulence with UAV

The capabilities of a quadcopter in the hover mode for low-altitude sensing of atmospheric turbulence with high spatial resolution in urban areas characterized by complex orography are investigated. The studies were carried out in different seasons (winter, spring, summer, and fall), and the quadcopter hovered in the immediate vicinity of ultrasonic weather stations. The DJI Phantom 4 Pro quadcopter and AMK-03 ultrasonic weather stations installed in different places of the studied territory were used in the experiment. The smoothing procedure was used to main regularities in the behavior of the longitudinal and lateral spectra of turbulence in the inertial and energy production ranges. The longitudinal and lateral turbulence scales were estimated by the least-square fit method with the von Karman model as a regression curve. It is shown that the turbulence spectra obtained with DJI Phantom 4 Pro and AMK-03 generally coincide with minor differences observed in the high-frequency region of the spectrum. In the inertial range, the behavior of the turbulence spectra shows that they obey the Kolmogorov-Obukhov “5/3” law. In the energy production range, the longitudinal and lateral turbulence scales and their ratio measured by DJI Phantom 4 Pro and AMK-03 agree to a good accuracy. Discrepancies in the data obtained with the quadcopter and the ultrasonic weather stations at the territory with complex orography are explained by the partial correlation of the wind velocity series at different measurement points and the influence of the inhomogeneous surface.

Configuration Mixing for Po Isotopes within the Interacting Boson Model-2

We analyze a sequence of 194−204Po isotopes, using the Configuration Mixing (CM) Interacting Boson Model 2 (IBM-2). We set the parameters of Hamiltonian using a least-square fit for the known energy levels, electrical transition rates B(E2), and quadruple moments Q(2+1) for the first excited states. We have a good agreement with the experimental values for all the observables tested, and we infer that the feature of the shape coexistence is concealed in the isotopes of Po, just as in the isotopes of Os and Pt.

Dielectric Relaxation and Thermodynamic Study of Caffeine-Chloroform Solution using TDR

The Complex permittivity of caffeine – Chloroform solution for different temperature and various concentrations have been measured in the range of 10MHZ to 30 GHz using Time Domain Reflectometry. From complex permittivity spectra, Static dielectric constant (εo) and relaxation time (τ) were determined using nonlinear least square fit method. Using Erying rate equation, for different molar concentration of caffeine Enthalpy of Activation ∆H and Entropy of Activation ∆S were determined.

Error Propagation of Capon’s Minimum Variance Estimator

The error propagation of Capon’s minimum variance estimator resulting from measurement errors and position errors is derived within a linear approximation. It turns out, that Capon’s estimator provides the same error propagation as the conventionally used least square fit method. The shape matrix which describes the location depence of the measurement positions is the key parameter for the error propagation, since the condition number of the shape matrix determines how the errors are amplified. Furthermore, the error resulting from a finite number of data samples is derived by regarding Capon’s estimator as a special case of the maximum likelihood estimator.

The Mie representation for Mercury’s magnetic field

The parameterization of the magnetospheric field contribution, generated by currents flowing in the magnetosphere is of major importance for the analysis of Mercury’s internal magnetic field. Using a combination of the Gauss and the Mie representation (toroidal–poloidal decomposition) for the parameterization of the magnetic field enables the analysis of magnetic field data measured in current carrying regions in the vicinity of Mercury. In view of the BepiColombo mission, the magnetic field resulting from the plasma interaction of Mercury with the solar wind is simulated with a hybrid simulation code and the internal Gauss coefficients for the dipole, quadrupole and octupole field are reconstructed from the data, evaluated along the prospective trajectories of the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) using Capon’s method. Especially, it turns out that a high-precision determination of Mercury’s octupole field is expectable from the future analysis of the magnetic field data measured by the magnetometer on board MPO. Furthermore, magnetic field data of the MESSENGER mission are analyzed and the reconstructed internal Gauss coefficients are in reasonable agreement with the results from more conventional methods such as the least-square fit.

Спектр высокого разрешения полос ν-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-+ν-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- (F-=SUB=-1-=/SUB=-,F-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-) и 2ν-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- (F-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-) дейтерированного силана -=SUP=-28-=/SUP=-SiD-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-

A study of the fine rotational structure of the silane molecule absorption spectrum was carried out for the first time. The high-resolution spectrum of 28SiD4 was recorded in the 1260-1480 cm-1 spectral range the vibrational ν2+ν4 (F1,F2) and 2ν4 (F2) bands were theoretically analyzed. Rotational, centrifugal distortion, tetrahedral splitting and resonance interaction parameters of the upper vibrational states were obtained from the weighted least square fit method. The set parameters obtained reproduces the initial vibrational-rotational structure of the ν2 + ν4 (F1, F2) and 2ν4 (F2) bands with an accuracy of drms = 3.9 · 10-4 cm-1.

Normal tissue tolerance dose for cervical radiotherapy to the NTCP model using a method of least square fit

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) models on radiation treatment plans. We estimated NTCP parameters for the organs at risk (OARs) for cervical cancer radiotherapy. We pooled individual patient data from fifty patients who were treated with External Beam Radiotherapy technique between March 2012 and November 2013 in a part of Northern Nigeria with the exclusion of patients who had other gynaecological malignancies. Three basic methods were followed during the radiotherapy planning of these patients which included the pre-planning stage, planning radiotherapy treatment stage and treatment delivery. Various tests were carried out on these patients which helped to confirm the diagnosis after which they were treated using the linear accelerator, computed tomography simulator and the treatment planning system. We calculated the normal tissue tolerance doses for partial volumes of the organs using the values of the above –said parameters for published data on normal tissue tolerance doses. This article shows a graphical representation of the computed NTCP for left femur, right femur and skin presented and a fairly good correspondence is found between the curves for head of femurs and skin. Keywords: Normal Tissue Tolerance Dose, Normal Tissue Complication Probability, Method of Least Square Fit, Cervical Radiotherapy

0030 Effect of a Simulated Sunset versus Typical Indoor Lighting on Evening Melatonin Levels

Introduction The human circadian clock evolved in the presence of the natural light-dark solar cycle. Exposure to artificial light at night suppresses endogenous melatonin levels and delays the timing of the circadian clock. The advent of tunable LED (light emitting diode) technology presents an opportunity to develop and implement circadian based practices for healthy lighting. Here we determined the influence of a simulated sunset with tunable LED technology on evening melatonin levels. Methods Nine healthy adults (3 females, 24.0 ± 5.3 years) completed a 15-day crossover study comparing typical artificial indoor lighting versus a simulated sunset using tunable LEDs (Acuity Brands-Rubik). After 1 week maintaining an ~8h sleep schedule, participants arrived at the laboratory 6h prior to habitual bedtime. Typical electrical indoor home lighting was <90 lux in angle of gaze until scheduled bedtime (<467 lux maximum at 183 cm in the direction of the ceiling mounted light fixtures; 3,500K). To simulate sunset, a simple least square fit was used to match relative spectral irradiance of the laboratory LED lighting to solar spectral irradiance of a standard mid-latitude summer atmosphere in Boulder, Colorado with solar elevation angles ranging from 3.9 degrees to 0 degrees (sunset). The first 3h30min of the simulation was typical indoor lighting of <90 lux (angle of gaze; 3,500K) followed by a 25 min transition in spectral irradiance and then 2h5min at ~7 lux in the angle of gaze (<38 lux maximum at 183 cm; 2,700K). Results Melatonin levels were initially similar between conditions but were significantly higher (p<0.05) after the sunset transition in the simulated sunset condition compared to the typical electrical indoor home lighting condition. Conclusion These preliminary findings suggest that simulating a sunset transition with tunable LED technology prior to habitual bedtime in the evening has potential to benefit circadian health. Support This work was supported in part by NIH R01 HL135598 and NASA Award 80NSSC17K0569.

Geomagnetic field variations due to Solar and Lunar tides in the Brazilian Sector

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Geomagnetic field variations in 2018 due to solar and lunar tides in the Brazilian sector were studied using data provided by magnetometers installed at São José dos Campos (23.21<sup>o</sup>S, 0345.97<sup>o</sup>W; Dip latitude 20.9<sup>o</sup>S), Eusébio, Ceará (3.89° S, 38.46° W) and São Luís, Maranhão (2.53° S, 44.30° W). Variations associated with these tides were identified using the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field, H(nT). Least square fit method was employed in determining the monthly amplitudes and phases of the diurnal, semidiurnal and ter-diurnal solar tides. The monthly amplitudes and phases of the lunar tide were then calculated using the residual measurements (obtained after subtracting the solar tidal components from each day), converting the solar local time to lunar time and subjecting the residuals to harmonic analysis. The maximum solar tide amplitude recorded was 23.96nT(diurnal) in March, at Eusébio whereas the minimum amplitude was 0.45nT(terdiurnal) recorded in December at São José dos Campos. The lunar tide recorded a maximum amplitude of 4.33nT(semidiurnal) in February, at São Luís and a minimum amplitude of 0.13nT(diurnal) in August, at Eusébio.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Solar tides, Lunar tides, Geomagnetic field, Magnetometer.</p><p> </p>

Shell model calculations in the A=80-100 mass region and study of double β transitions

The structure of the Ζ,Ν < 50 nuclei is examined in a model space consisting of the 0g9/2, 1p1/2, 1p3/2 and the 0f5/2 hole orbitals outside the doubly closed 100Sn core. The effective interaction for this model space is derived by introducing second order corrections to the Sussex matrix elements, while the one-hole energies are deduced by a least square fit to the observed levels. The results of the calculation are found to be in very satisfactory agreement with experiment for all nuclei with 38<Ζ<46 but for Ζ<38 this agreement begins to deteriorate. Such a feature possibly indicates the appearance of deformation and the breaking of the Ν=50 core. The wavefunctions of the calculation are used to determine double β matrix elements in the Ge, Se, Sr and Kr isotopes.