Genetic Factor Affecting Adult Color Polymorphism in the Rice Grasshopper, Oxya yezoensis(Orthoptera: Catantopidae).

Four Tunisian virgin olive oils (VOOs), derived from varieties (Chemlali Tataouine, Zarrazi Douirat, Fakhari Douirat, and Dhokar Douirat) grown in the harsh pedoclimatic conditions of the region of Tataouine, were evaluated for their responses to microwave heating. Aside from fatty acid composition, all other evaluated parameters were affected by microwave heating, and their variations depend on the genetic factor. Chemlali Tataouine VOO exhibited the slowest biophenol degradation rate and the least diminution in oxidative stability and consequently, its total fraction and both lipidic and methanolic fractions remained unchanged with an exceptional antioxidant potential. In the remaining studied VOOs, the biophenol contents, the oxidative stability, and the antioxidant potential underwent gradual decreases; nevertheless, their levels at the longer treatment time are close to some fresh VOOs. These results should be taken into consideration when Tataouine VOOs are recommended for microwave heating.

Download Full-text

Genetic and Environmental Structure of Altruism Characterized by Recipients in Relation to Personality

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57060593 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 593

Author(s):

Juko Ando ◽

Tetsuya Kawamoto

Keyword(s):

Genetic Factor ◽

Common Factor ◽

Dynamic Network ◽

Self Report ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Indirect Reciprocity ◽

Environmental Structure ◽

Additive Genetic Effects ◽

The Relationship ◽

Common Genetic Factor

Background and Objectives: Altruism is a form of prosocial behavior with the goal of increasing the fitness of another individual as a recipient while reducing the fitness of the actor. Although there are many studies on its heterogeneity, only a few behavioral genetic studies have been conducted to examine different recipient types: family members favored by kin selection, the dynamic network of friends and acquaintances as direct reciprocity, and strangers as indirect reciprocity. Materials and Methods: This study investigated the genetic and environmental structure of altruism with reference to recipient types measured by the self-report altruism scale distinguished by the recipient (the SRAS-DR) and examine the relationship to personality dimensions measured by the NEO-FFI with a sample of 461 adult Japanese twin pairs. Results: The present study shows that there is a single common factor of altruism: additive genetic effects explain 51% of altruism without a shared environmental contribution. The genetic contribution of this single common factor is explained by the genetic factors of neuroticism (N), extraversion (E), openness to experience (O), and conscientiousness (C), as well as a common genetic factor specific to altruism. Only altruism toward strangers is affected by shared environmental factors. Conclusions: Different types of altruistic personality are constructed by specific combinational profiles of general personality traits such as the Big Five as well as a genetic factor specific to altruism in each specific way.

Download Full-text

A CLASS OF GENES AFFECTING B FACTOR-REGULATED DEVELOPMENT IN SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/82.3.423 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 423-428

Author(s):

Celia Dubovoy

Keyword(s):

Genetic Factor ◽

Schizophyllum Commune ◽

Nuclear Migration ◽

Complex Pattern ◽

Developmental Phase ◽

Linear Map ◽

Incompatibility Factor ◽

Complementation Groups ◽

Cluster A ◽

Specific Phase

ABSTRACT Twelve mutations affecting nuclear migration, a major developmental phase in Schizophyllum commune, display a complex pattern of complementation and recombination. They are expressed only when a genetic factor controlling this phase of development, the B incompatibility factor, is operative. All twelve mutations are linked to the B factor, nine in a cluster and three in distinct loci outside the cluster. A linear map cannot be constructed from the frequency of recombination. Complementation maps are not linear. There is little correlation between the complementation groups and the groups based on recombination. Many pairs of mutations that do not complement recombine with frequencies of 1.1% to 26.9%. The genes represented by the twelve mutations are located in a linked group of about 18 known genes involved in the specific phase of development controlled by the B factor.

Download Full-text

Feeding diverse prey as an excellent strategy of mixotrophic dinoflagellates for global dominance

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.abe4214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. eabe4214

Author(s):

Hae Jin Jeong ◽

Hee Chang Kang ◽

An Suk Lim ◽

Se Hyeon Jang ◽

Kitack Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Factor ◽

Red Tide ◽

Biogeochemical Cycles ◽

Evolutionary Strategy ◽

Distribution Data ◽

Red Tides ◽

Trade Off ◽

Moderate Growth ◽

Prey Diversity ◽

Standing Question

Microalgae fuel food webs and biogeochemical cycles of key elements in the ocean. What determines microalgal dominance in the ocean is a long-standing question. Red tide distribution data (spanning 1990 to 2019) show that mixotrophic dinoflagellates, capable of photosynthesis and predation together, were responsible for ~40% of the species forming red tides globally. Counterintuitively, the species with low or moderate growth rates but diverse prey including diatoms caused red tides globally. The ability of these dinoflagellates to trade off growth for prey diversity is another genetic factor critical to formation of red tides across diverse ocean conditions. This finding has profound implications for explaining the global dominance of particular microalgae, their key eco-evolutionary strategy, and prediction of harmful red tide outbreaks.

Download Full-text

RELATIONSHIP OF TAXA IN THE GENUS MEDICAGO AS REVEALED BY HYBRIDIZATION. I. M. STRIATA × M. LITTORALIS

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g68-038 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 263-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

K. Lesins ◽

A. Erac

Keyword(s):

High Mortality ◽

Genetic Factor ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽

Cytoplasmic Factor ◽

Reciprocal Crosses ◽

Gross Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽

Coiling Direction ◽

Chlorophyll Deficiencies ◽

Relationship Of

In crosses between the two taxa Medicago striata Bast, and M. littoralis Rohde a high mortality of gametes and seedlings, and sterility of some plants were noted which were not related to gross chromosomal rearrangements. Although the F1, F2 and F3 generations from reciprocal crosses differed in chlorophyll deficiencies (indicating a cytoplasmic influence) a genic cause became evident from segregations for chlorophyll characters in the F2 and F3. Transference of the cytoplasmic factor by the pollen is indicative.Segregation for pod coiling direction indicated that the character was determined by one or two genetic factors of which the clockwise coiling direction is recessive. The spininess appeared to be determined by one genetic factor, of which the spineless allele is recessive.On the basis of genetic differences (especially on the built-in repulsion systems for normal chlorophyll development of opposite species) the two taxa should be considered two different species.

Download Full-text