Physiological Responses of Dairy Cows during Extended Solar Exposure

Thirty-two lactating Holstein cows were used in a study of excitability and agonistic behavior of dairy cattle. When cattle were moved from a familiar stall to an unfamiliar place, heart rate immediately increased on average from 83.2 to 107.8 (P < 0.01). The total distance of head movement in a novel environment varied considerably. The animal with the greatest head movement had a distance 6.6 times larger than the cow with the least head movement. Significant deviation from the mean values of agonistic interactions were found for 28 cows: of these 10 showed tendencies for physical attacks (P < 0.05), 5 for threats (P < 0.05), 6 for displacement of physical attacks (P < 0.05), and 7 showed significant tendencies for avoidance when threatened (P < 0.05). Both the instigator and victim cows that showed a higher proportion of the psychological form of agonistic behavior also tended to show a larger amount of head movement with less variation, lower increase in heart rate, and less change in norepinephrine concentration due to transfer. The results indicate that analyses of head movement patterns may be used for an assessment of excitability of cows. Key words: Cow, behavior, spatial novelty, head movement, excitability, temperament

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Productive and physiological responses of lactating dairy cows supplemented with phytogenic feed ingredients1

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txz108 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 1133-1142 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rodrigo O Rodrigues ◽

Reinaldo F Cooke ◽

Franciele C Firmino ◽

Mayara K R Moura ◽

Beatriz F Angeli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Body Condition Score ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Ground Corn

Abstract This experiment compared milk production, milk composition, and physiological responses in lactating dairy cows supplemented with or without a mixture of condensed tannins, encapsulated cinnamaldehyde, curcumin, capsaicin, and piperine. Thirty-six lactating, multiparous, pregnant ¾ Holstein × ¼ Gir cows were maintained in a single drylot pen with ad libitum access to water and a total-mixed ration and were milked twice daily (d –7 to 84). On d 0, cows were ranked by days in milk (86 ± 3 d), milk yield (27.8 ± 1.0 kg), body weight (BW; 584 ± 10 kg), and body condition score (BCS; 3.04 ± 0.06) and assigned to receive (SUPP; n = 18) or not (CON; n = 18) 30 g/cow daily (as-fed basis) of Actifor Pro (Delacon Biotechnik GmbH; Steyregg, Austria). From d 0 to 84, SUPP cows individually received (as-fed basis) 15 g of Actifor Pro mixed with 85 g of finely ground corn through self-locking headgates before each milking of the day. Each CON cow concurrently received 85 g (as-fed basis) of finely ground corn through self-locking headgates. Throughout the experimental period (d –7 to 84), cows from both treatments were administered 500 mg of sometribove zinc at 14-d intervals and were monitored daily for morbidity, including clinical mastitis. Individual milk production was recorded daily, whereas milk samples were collected weekly for analysis of milk composition. Cow BW, BCS, and blood samples were also collected weekly. Cows receiving SUPP gained more BCS (P = 0.05) and had greater (P = 0.04) milk yield during the experiment compared with CON cows (0.22 vs. 0.07 of BCS, SEM = 0.05; 29.5 vs. 27.9 kg/d, SEM = 0.5). Milk composition did not differ (P ≥ 0.15) between SUPP and CON cows; hence, SUPP cows also had greater (P ≤ 0.02) production of fat-corrected and energy-corrected milk. Incidence of clinical mastitis did not differ (P ≥ 0.49) between SUPP and CON cows. No treatment differences were also detected (P ≥ 0.21) for serum concentrations of glucose and serum urea N. Mean serum haptoglobin concentration during the experiment was greater (P = 0.05) in CON vs. SUPP cows. Cows receiving SUPP had less (P ≤ 0.04) serum cortisol concentrations on d 21 and 42, and greater (P ≤ 0.05) serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I on d 7, 35, and 63 compared with CON cows (treatment × day interactions; P ≤ 0.02). Collectively, supplementing phytogenic feed ingredients improved nutritional status and milk production of lactating ¾ Holstein × ¼ Gir cows.

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Effect of induced subclinical hypocalcemia on physiological responses and neutrophil function in dairy cows

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2013-7408 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 874-887 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

N. Martinez ◽

L.D.P. Sinedino ◽

R.S. Bisinotto ◽

E.S. Ribeiro ◽

G.C. Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Neutrophil Function

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Respon Fisiologis dan Kualitas Susu Sapi Perah Friesian Holstein pada Musim Kemarau Panjang di Dataran Tinggi

Jurnal Agripet ◽

10.17969/agripet.v16i2.5888 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Elmy Mariana ◽

Didik Nurul Hadi ◽

Nur Qoim Agustin

Keyword(s):

Body Temperature ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Pulse Rate ◽

Rectal Temperature ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Mean Value ◽

Humidity Index ◽

The Mean

ABSTRAK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari respon fisiologi, produksi dan kualitas susu sapi perah Frisian Holstein pada akhir musim kemarau panjang di Balai Pengembangan Ternak Sapi Perah dan Hijauan Makanan Ternak (BPT-SP HMT) Cikole, Lembang, Bandung. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Parameter mikroklimat yang diamati antara lain adalah temperatur lingkungan, kelembaban relatif, kecepatan angin, radiasi sinar matahari dalam kandang dan Temperature-Humidity Index (THI). Respon fisiologis yang diamati meliputi suhu rektal, suhu kulit, suhu tubuh, frekuensi respirasi dan denyut jantung. Nilai rerata THI (73.93±5.51) menunjukkan sapi perah berada dalam kondisi stress ringan. Nilai rerata dari suhu rektal, suhu kulit, suhu tubuh, frekuensi respirasi dan denyut jantung secara berurutan 37.94±0.20°C; 32.15±1.25°C; 37.13±0.32°C; 39.13 ±3.00 dan 79.74±6.19. Nilai rerata persentase bahan kering, lemak dan protein susu secara berurutan 10,19 ± 0,72, 2,14 ± 0,38 dan 2,50 ± 0,32. Temperatur lingkungan yang tinggi mempengaruhi respon fisiologis antara lain peningkatan denyut jantung yang lebih tinggi dari normal dan kualitas susu yang lebih rendah. (Physiological responses and milk qualities of holstein friesian during long dry season at high altitude)ABSTRACT. The objectives of this study were to evaluate physiological responses and milk qualities of dairy cows in Balai Pengembangan Ternak Sapi Perah dan Hijauan Makanan Ternak (BPT-SP HMT) Cikole West Bandung at the end of long dry season. Samples were determined by using purposive sampling method. Microclimate parameters were included ambient temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, solar radiation and temperature-humidity index (THI). Physiological responses consisted of rectal temperature, skin temperature, body temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate. The mean value of THI (73.93±5.51) showed that dairy cows suffered by heat stress. The mean value of rectal temperature, skin temperature, body temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate were 37.94±0.20°C; 32.15±1.25°C; 37.13±0.32°C; 39.13±3.00 and 79.74±6.19 consecutively. The average percentage value of dry matter, fat and protein content in milk were 10.19±0.72, 2.14±0.38 and 2.50±0.32. High ambient temperature and low relative humidity affected physiological responses such as pulse rate that higher than normal, and lower milk yield.

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Diet and cooling interactions on physiological responses of grazing dairy cows, milk production and composition

International Journal of Biometeorology ◽

10.1007/s00484-005-0276-0 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 90-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M. R. Gallardo ◽

S. E. Valtorta ◽

P. E. Leva ◽

M. C. Gaggiotti ◽

G. A. Conti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Grazing Dairy Cows

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Hormonal interelationships and physiological responses of lactating dairy cows to a shade management system in a subtropical environment

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/0093-691x(81)90097-2 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 139-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

H. Roman-Ponce ◽

W.W. Thatcher ◽

C.J. Wilcox

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Management System ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Subtropical Environment

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Multivariate approach to milk production and some physiological traits of crossbred dairy cows

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2851 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2851

Author(s):

Débora Andréa Evangelista Façanha ◽

Josiel Borges Ferreira ◽

Benito Soto-Blanco ◽

Magda Maria Guilhermino ◽

Jacinara Hody Gurgel Morais Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Hot Climate ◽

Brazilian Semiarid

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in physiological responses and serum biochemical panel in crossbred dairy cow populations kept in a hot climate environment. We used a population of 384 dairy cows of genetic groups ½Holstein × ½Guzerá (n = 105) and ¾Holstein × ¼Guzerá (n = 279) derived from the Brazilian semiarid region. The physiological responses analyzed were: respiratory rate (RR, movements/minute), rectal temperature (RT, °C), free thyroxine (T4, µg/mL) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, µUI/mL). The values of RR, RT, T4, TSH and serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, total protein, urea and creatinine were determined and correlated with milk production for 305 days, correlation lying only with TSH. Significant differences were observed just in milk production, RR and TSH comparing the genetic groups ½Holstein × ½Guzerá and ¾Holstein × ¼Guzerá. In conclusion, ¾Holstein × ¼Guzerá cows showed higher thyroid activity and milk production than ½Holstein × ½Guzerá cows, and may therefore be a better option for dairy production systems in semiarid regions.

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