Using micro-morphological fruit characters in resolving some of ambiguities in Iranian Acer L. (Sapindaceae) species

Asadi F, Sharifnia F, Salimpour F, Majd A. 2019. Using micro-morphological fruit characters in resolving some of ambiguities in Iranian Acer L. (Sapindaceae) species. Biodiversitas 20: 297-304. Acer L. belongs to the Sapindaceae family consists of 126 species which are distributed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. There are 12 taxa (including Acer monspessulanum with four subspecies and Acer velutinum with two varieties) in Iran. In this study 21 fruit characteristics are partially investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Stereomicroscope. According to the obtained results, four types of faveolate, folded, wrinkled and pavement wing surface ornamentations as well as four types of faveolate, folded, verrucous, and wrinkled achene surface ornamentations were observed. Hair of wing margin, achene hair, wing ornamentation, inside angle of wing, and outside angle of wing have taxonomic value. According to fruit morphology, separation of 4 subspecies of A. monspessulanum can be verified. Also varieties of A. velutinum var. velutinum, and A. velutinum var. glabrescens were totally separated due to differences in characteristics such as wing ornamentation, achene ornamentation, hair density of achene, wing length, wing width, the ratio of length to width of wing, total fruit length, total fruit width, the ratio of length to width of fruit, inside angle of wing, outside angle of wing. The results showed that micro-morphological fruit characters of Acer genus are valuable in terms of taxonomy and classification of subspecies level.

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A combination of fruit and leaf morphology enables taxonomic classification of the complex Q. robur L. – Q. x rosacea Bechst. – Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl. in autochthonous stands in Flanders

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.1515/sg-2011-0019 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 60 (1-6) ◽

pp. 139-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge ◽

Luc De Cleene ◽

Hans Beeckman

Keyword(s):

Quercus Robur ◽

Principal Component ◽

Relative Number ◽

Bimodal Distribution ◽

Pca Analysis ◽

Fruit Morphology ◽

Petiole Length ◽

Fruit Characters ◽

Putative Hybrids

Abstract Hybrids between Quercus robur and Q. petraea have been a sought topic of many studies in Europe during the last decades. Here, leaf and fruit morphology were studied in five oak stands where both species occur naturally intermixed. The stands are relicts of old, possibly medieval coppice wood. Twenty two leaf characters and nine fruit characters were assessed on three leaves and three fruits per tree and for thirty trees per stand. A principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in a bimodal distribution with restricted overlap along the first component when both leaf and fruit data were processed together. For leaf and fruit data separately, the analysis produced only continuous clusters of trees. Two types of putative hybrids can be defined that either show a petiole length of the leaf (PL) according to Q. robur and a petiole length of the fruit (FP1) according to Q. petraea, or vice versa. These hybrids cluster within both groups of the PCA analysis, but not all are situated close to or in the intermediate area between the groups. A lowered mean relative number of developed acorns in the hybrid groups in comparison to their putative maternal parent, based on the assumption of matroclinal inheritance of PL, is observed. This might indicate a reduced ability for successful fertilisation in the hybrids. These results suggest the presence of putative hybrids and introgressed forms within the morphological distinct Q. robur and Q. petraea groups and argument for a taxonomically defined Q. x rosacea based on PL and FP1 limits.

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The Genetic Basis of the Interspecific Differences in Wing Size in Nasonia (Hymenoptera; Pteromalidae): Major Quantitative Trait Loci and Epistasis

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/161.2.673 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 161 (2) ◽

pp. 673-684

Author(s):

J Gadau ◽

R E Page ◽

J H Werren

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Qtl Analysis ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Wing Length ◽

Size Difference ◽

Phenotypic Variance ◽

Wing Size ◽

Epistatic Interactions ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Wing Width

Abstract There is a 2.5-fold difference in male wing size between two haplodiploid insect species, Nasonia vitripennis and N. giraulti. The haploidy of males facilitated a full genomic screen for quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting wing size and the detection of epistatic interactions. A QTL analysis of the interspecific wing-size difference revealed QTL with major effects and epistatic interactions among loci affecting the trait. We analyzed 178 hybrid males and initially found two major QTL for wing length, one for wing width, three for a normalized wing-size variable, and five for wing seta density. One QTL for wing width explains 38.1% of the phenotypic variance, and the same QTL explains 22% of the phenotypic variance in normalized wing size. This corresponds to a region previously introgressed from N. giraulti into N. vitripennis that accounts for 44% of the normalized wing-size difference between the species. Significant epistatic interactions were also found that affect wing size and density of setae on the wing. Screening for pairwise epistatic interactions between loci on different linkage groups revealed four additional loci for wing length and four loci for normalized wing size that were not detected in the original QTL analysis. We propose that the evolution of smaller wings in N. vitripennis males is primarily the result of major mutations at few genomic regions and involves epistatic interactions among some loci.

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Pollen morphology of Iranian Dracocephalum L. (Lamiaceae) and its taxonomic significance

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy ◽

10.3329/bjpt.v22i2.26071 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 99-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maryam Naderifar ◽

Ali Sonboli ◽

Abbas Gholipour

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Polar View ◽

Taxonomic Significance ◽

Infrageneric Classification ◽

Exine Ornamentation ◽

Plant Taxon ◽

Scanning Electron

Pollen morphology of 11 Iranian Dracocephalum L. species was investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate their taxonomic significance for the infrageneric classification of the genus. Pollen grains of all examined taxa were isopolar, hexacolpate, circular in polar view and spheroidal to prolate in equatorial view (P/E = 1.0?2.0). The smallest pollen grains were observed in D. aucheri (P = 29.7 ?m, E = 22.6 ?m), while the largest pollen was found in D. lindbergii (P = 45.1 ?m, E = 33.7 ?m). The highest and lowest apocolpium index (AI) were measured in D. aucheri (AI = 0.27) and D. surmandinum (AI = 0.08), respectively. Colpus membrane was egranulate in all examined species except for D. multicaule and D. ghahremanii. The main exine ornamentation type was characterized as bireticulate including five different subtypes. The results revealed that the exine ornamentation is a diagnostic character useful for the classification of Dracocephalum.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 22(2): 99-110, 2015 (December)

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Rapid Identification, Differentiation, and Proposed New Taxonomic Classification of Bifidobacterium lactis

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.68.12.6429-6434.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

pp. 6429-6434 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Marco Ventura ◽

Ralf Zink

Keyword(s):

Pcr Primers ◽

Rapid Identification ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Specific Detection ◽

Bifidobacterium Lactis ◽

Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽

Subspecies Level ◽

Internally Transcribed Spacer

ABSTRACT Identification of Bifidobacterium lactis and Bifidobacterium animalis is problematic because of phenotypic and genetic homogeneities and has raised the question of whether they belong to one unique taxon. Analysis of the 16S-23S internally transcribed spacer region of B. lactis DSM10140T, B. animalis ATCC 25527T, and six potential B. lactis strains suggested two distinct clusters. Two specific 16S-23S spacer rRNA gene-targeted primers have been developed for specific detection of B. animalis. All of the molecular techniques used (B. lactis or B. animalis PCR primers, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR) demonstrated that B. lactis and B. animalis form two main groups and suggest a revision of the strains assigned to B. animalis. We propose that B. lactis should be separated from B. animalis at the subspecies level.

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Prangos aricakensis (Apiaceae), a new species from eastern Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.401.1.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 401 (1) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

LÜTFİ BEHÇET ◽

YAKUP YAPAR ◽

ŞÜKRÜ OLGUN

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

New Species ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Eastern Anatolia ◽

Fruit Characteristics ◽

Diagnostic Characters ◽

A New Species ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Single Locality

Prangos aricakensis is described and illustrated as a new species from eastern Anatolia (Turkey), where it is known from a single locality in Arıcak (Elazığ) district. Its diagnostic characters are discussed and taxonomic comments are presented. Prangos aricakensis is similar to P. turcica, P. hulusii, P. ilanae and P. trifida, but it differs in hair, leaf, bract, bracteole and fruit characteristics. Fruit and pollen characteristics were investigated using ligth (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data on ecology and IUCN conservation status are also shown.

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Analysis of Cause of Endodontic Failure of C-Shaped Root Canals

Scanning ◽

10.1155/2018/2516832 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yemi Kim ◽

Donghee Lee ◽

Da-Vin Kim ◽

Sin-Young Kim

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Root Surface ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Common Cause ◽

Root Canals ◽

Cause Of Failure ◽

End Resection ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Periapical Radiography

The purpose of this study was to analyze various characteristics and classification of C-shaped root canals and evaluate the causes of endodontic failure of C-shaped root canals by examining the resected root surface with an endodontic microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Forty-two teeth with C-shaped root canals were included in this study and had undergone intentional replantation surgery. Before surgery, periapical radiography and cone-beam computed tomography were taken. The root canal configuration was analyzed and classified according to Melton’s classification at coronal and apical level. After injection of 1 : 100,000 epinephrine with 2% lidocaine, the tooth was carefully extracted. After the root-end resection, the resected root surface was examined using an operating microscope and SEM. Mandibular second molars were most frequently involved teeth (90.4%). The most frequently observed root canal configurations were C1 at the coronal level (45.2%) and C3 at the apical 3 mm level (45.2%). The most common cause of failure for a C-shaped root canal treatment was a leaky canal (45.2%), followed by an isthmus (23.8%), missing canal, overfilling, and iatrogenic problems. In conclusion, C-shaped root canals were most frequently found in mandibular second molars. The most common cause of failure was a leaky canal and isthmus.

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