Genetic diversity and selection within natural dura oil palm accessions collected in Ghana for oil palm productivity improvement

Abstract. Darkwah DO, Blay E, Amoatey H, Sapey E, Bakoume C, Agyei-Dwarko D. 2020. Genetic diversity and selection within natural dura oil palm accessions collected in Ghana for oil palm productivity improvement. Biodiversitas 21: 3534-3538. The genetic base of oil palm breeding stock of the Ghanaian Oil Palm Research Institute is considered narrow after two selection cycles. Therefore, 79 accessions of natural dura oil palm collected in Ghana and conserved at Oil Palm Research Institute (OPRI) were field evaluated for 18 agro-morphological traits. ANOVA revealed differences among the 79 dura oil palm accessions for 14 traits. The most heritable traits were single fruit weight (h2 = 0.85), leaf area index (h2 = 0.63), bunch weight (h2 = 0.52), total leaf area (h2 = 0.51), and fresh fruit bunch (h2 = 0.46). Genetic coefficients of variation ranged from 3.30% for frond dry weight to 68.74% for total bunch weight denoting possibility of selection of desirable traits for improvement. Five high fresh fruit bunch yielding accessions (FFB ≥ 10.81 t/ha) with good heritable bunch characteristics were selected for introduction in the breeding stocks. In fact, their bunch number, average bunch weight, and mesocarp to fruit were higher, in absolute terms, than the controls and trial mean obtained in the study. Although, the height increment was close to those of the controls, short progenies are expected among descendants from their selfings or crosses.

Download Full-text

Agro-economic potential of capsicum with drip irrigation and mulching

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v10i2.18323 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 51-60

Author(s):

VK Choudhary ◽

MC Bhambri

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Paddy Straw ◽

Area Index ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Straw Mulch ◽

Net Returns

A field experiment was conducted during 2006-07 and 2007-08 at Precision Farming Development Centre, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, to evaluate the production, potential and economics of capsicum (Capsicum annum L.) as influenced by drip irrigation and mulches. Experiment was laid out in a split-plot design replicated thrice with irrigation levels 1.0 Epan (Pan evaporation) through drip, 0.8 Epan through drip, 0.6 Epan through drip and 1.0 Epan with flood irrigation (FI) in main plot and mulches (i.e. no mulch (Glyphosate @ 6.0 ml l-1 followed by 2 hand weedings), black polythene mulch (BPM: 40 ? thickness), transparent polythene mulch (TPM: 40 ? thickness), paddy straw mulch (PSM: 5 t ha-1) in sub plots. The growth parameters like plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, stem girth, leaf area, leaf area index, dry weight of leaf, stem, fruit and total dry weight were maximum with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip irrigation at 0.8 Epan. Among the mulches the maximum values of the growth parameters were noticed with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch. The yield attributes like fruit length, fruit volume, fruit girth, per cent fruit set, fruits/plant, green capsicum fruit weight and yields were higher with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip at 0.8 Epan. Among the mulches, all the yield attributes were found higher with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch; whereas least yield attributes were measured with no mulch. Marginal cost, marginal return, MR: MC, cost of cultivation, net returns and B: C were higher with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip irrigation at 0.8 Epan. Among different mulches all the economic parameters were higher with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch except MR: MC and B: C ratio. Capsicum with paddy straw mulch produced higher values of MR: MC and B: C ratios. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18323SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 51-60 (2012)

Download Full-text

Correlation and Path Analysis in Commercial Tenera Oil Palms Collected from Southern Thailand

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-631 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pilalak Popet ◽

Theera Eksomtramage ◽

Jakarat Anothai ◽

Thanet Khomphet

Keyword(s):

Path Analysis ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fresh Fruit ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽

Southern Thailand ◽

Oil Palms ◽

Correlation And Path Analysis

Background: Tenera oil palm is widely planted as a commercial plantation crop throughout Southern Thailand. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic correlation and the direct and indirect effects among bunch yields and vegetative characteristics in commercial tenera oil palms. Methods: The oil yield, fresh fruit bunch, bunch number, average bunch weight, leaf area, leaf dry weight and rachis length were recorded from six commercial tenera oil palm progenies. The data were recorded between January 2019 and June 2020 at The Chaipattana Foundation’s oil palm plantation in Trang Province, Thailand. Result: Results show that fresh fruit bunch, average bunch weight and rachis length positively correlated with oil yield (rp = 0.90**, 0.50* and 0.53, respectively), while bunch number and rachis length positively correlated with fresh fruit bunch (rp = 0.58* and 0.47*, respectively). The path analysis shows that bunch number significantly correlated with fresh fruit bunch (0.58*) and strongly directly affected it (1.11). The fresh fruit bunch significantly correlated with oil yield, (0.90**) and had a strong direct (2.08) and indirect effect (1.20). These results indicate that bunch number and fresh fruit bunch are useful variables for oil yield improvement in further breeding programs of oil palm.

Download Full-text

Relations Between Growth Parameters in Oil Palm Seedlings Grown in Polybags

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700011029 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 275-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. O. Lucas

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seedling Height ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Area Index ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Selection Of

SUMMARYThe relation between some growth parameters in polybag oil palm nursery seedlings were assessed. ‘Non-destructive’ parameters such as leaf number, seedling height and girth were highly and positively correlated with one another and with the dry weight of seedlings. Amongst the ‘destructive’ parameters only leaf area, height/weight ratio and fresh weight were positively correlated with dry weight. The Leaf Area Index was poorly correlated with other parameters examined. The relevance of these findings to the selection of oil palm seedlings for transplanting into the field is discussed.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Microbe Plus and Phosphorus Fertilizers on the Vegetative Growth of Oil Palm (Elaesis guineensis, Jacq.) Seedlings

Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ◽

10.9734/ajsspn/2019/v5i430070 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

E. Oppong ◽

A. Opoku ◽

N. Ewusi-Mensah ◽

F. Danso ◽

H. O. Tuffour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area Index ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Rock Phosphate ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Triple Superphosphate ◽

Rock Phosphates ◽

Area Index

The main objective of this study was to improve the growth of oil palm seedlings by using microbe plus to enhance phosphorous availability from rock phosphate under oil palm nursery was evaluated at Oil Palm Research Institute of Ghana, Kade-Kumasi. The study consisted of 16 treatments replicated 3 times in a 4 × 4 factorial experiment arranged in Randomize Complete Block Design. The factors tested were: Phosphate fertilizers (Phosphate only, triple superphosphate, super rock phosphate and Togo rock phosphate) and microbe plus rates (0, 50, 100 and 150%). Data was collected on leaf area, leaf area index and dry matter production. All data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using GENSTAT Version 11.1 (2008). The results showed that the P fertilizers and microbe plus applied alone or their interactions had no significant (P=.05) effect on leaf area and leaf area index values, however, dry matter produced was significantly (P=.05) different from each other. TSPMP150 treated seedlings produced significantly (P=.05) the highest dry weight; 42% increase over the control (No phosphate and microbe plus). The complementary use of microbe plus with triple superphosphate or Senegal rock phosphate proved to be the best options in terms of the parameters measured than the triple superphosphate. Microbe plus can therefore be used in combination with rock phosphate to improve phosphate availability. Field experiment is suggested to validate the effect of microbe plus and these rock phosphates on the performance of oil palm, whereas, additional studies with different application rates, both at nursery and at the field, are recommended.

Download Full-text

Distribution map of oil palm fresh fruit bunch using LiDAR*

2021 12th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems (ICICS) ◽

10.1109/icics52457.2021.9464575 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Husna Sarirah Husin ◽

Nurnasuha Amar ◽

Aznida Abu Bakar Sajak ◽

Mohd Sallehin Mohd Kassim

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Fresh Fruit ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Fresh Fruit Bunch

Download Full-text

Effect of Organic Manures on Growth, Rhizome Yield and Quality Attributes of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v10i1.11060 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 16-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Z. U. Kamal ◽

M. N. Yousuf

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Area Index ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Organic Manures ◽

Neem Cake ◽

Yield And Quality

The investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of different organic manures on turmeric with reference to vegetative growth, biomass production, rhizome yield and its attributes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Turmeric showed better response to the application of organic manures. Plant with neem cake application had the taller plant (79.30 cm), maximum number of tillers per plant (5.40), leaf number (5.40), leaf area (44.09) leaf area index (0.429), fresh weight of halum ( 190.05g), fresh weight of root (49.13 g), fresh weight of rhizome per plant (256.21 g) and dry weight of halum (15.21g), dry weight of root (7.32 g), dry weight of rhizome per plant (40.35 g), total dry matter yield (6.85 t ha-1) than those received other types of manures. Moreover, yield attributes such as number of mother rhizomes per plant-1 (1.75), more number of primary rhizomes per plant-1 (5.19), secondary rhizomes per plant-1 (18.03) and tertiary rhizomes per plant (7.69) were also highly accelerated by neem cake application. Similarly, the same treatment expressed the best in terms of size of mother rhizome (7.69 cm), primary rhizome (21.86 cm) and secondary rhizomes (7.05 cm).All these parameters in cumulative contributed to produce the highest estimated fresh rhizomes yield & cured rhizomes yield (29.48 t ha-1, 5.59 t ha-1 respectively). The highest curing percentage (20.28) was observed in T3 treatment having mustard cake@ 2.0 t/ha. Thus, organic manure like neem cake was best fitted natural fertilizer for turmeric cultivation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11060The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 16-22

Download Full-text

Characteristics of the canopy, root system and grain yield of a crop of Lupinus angustifolius cv. Unicrop

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9750497 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 497 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

EAN Greenwood ◽

P Farrington ◽

JD Beresford

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Time Course ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Main Axis ◽

Carbon Dioxide Exchange ◽

Area Index ◽

Plant Parts

The time course of development of a lupin crop was studied at Bakers Hill, Western Australia. The aim was to gain insight into the crop factors influencing yield. Weekly measurements were made of numbers and weights of plant parts, and profiles of roots, leaf area and light interception. A profile of carbon dioxide in the crop atmosphere was taken at the time of maximum leaf area, and the net carbon dioxide exchange (NCE) of pods was estimated for three successive weeks. The crop took 10 weeks to attain a leaf area index (LAI) of 1 and a further 9 weeks to reach a maximum LAI of 3.75, at which time only 33% of daylight reached the pods on the main axis. Once the maximum LAI was attained at week 19, leaf fall accelerated and rapid grain filling commenced almost simultaneously on all of the three orders of axes which had formed pods. Measurements of NCE between pods on the main axis and the air suggest that the assimilation of external carbon dioxide by the pods contributed little to grain filling. Grain dry weight was 2100 kg ha-1 of which 30%, 60% and 10% came from the main axis, first and second order apical axes respectively. Only 23% of the flowers set pods and this constitutes an important physiological limitation to grain yield.

Download Full-text

Growth And Yield of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Varities in Sokoto Sudan Savanna of Nigeria

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v25i8.35 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 1513-1518

Author(s):

A.S. Gunu ◽

M. Musa

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Area Index ◽

Days To Heading ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Total Dry Weight ◽

Sudan Savanna ◽

Stalk Weight

Field trial was carried out during the 2019 rainy season (June to October) at the Dryland Teaching and Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto to determine the growth and yield of sorghum varieties in the study area. The treatments consisted of five (5) sorghum varieties (Samsorg 45, Samsorg 46, Janjari, Yartawa and Jardawa), the treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three (3) times. Data were collected on the growth and yield of the crop. Janjari and Jardawa varieties were higher in plant height. Jardawa and Yartawa varieties were higher in number of leaves. Janjari and Yartawa varieties were higher in total dry weight. Janjari, Jardawa and Yartawa varieties were higher in harvest index. Yartawa variety was higher in leaf area, leaf area index and 1000-grain weight. Jardawa variety was higher in panicle length. Janjari variety was early in number of days to heading, flowering, and maturity and was higher in dry stalk weight. The grain yield (249 – 1506kg ha-1 ) was higher in Janjari and Yartawa varieties (1268 – 1506 kg ha-1). Based on the findings of this research, it could be concluded that Janjari and Yartawa varieties performed better than other varieties in the study area.

Download Full-text

Effect of Foliar Application of Growth Regulators on Vegetative and Physiological Growth Parameters in Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L. Sprague)

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i2930962 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 100-109

Author(s):

Y. Rajasekhara Reddy ◽

G. Ramanandam ◽

P. Subbaramamma ◽

A. V. D. Dorajeerao

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Area Index ◽

Chlorophyll Contents ◽

Trachyspermum Ammi ◽

Number Of Leaves

A field experiment was carried out during rabi season of 2018-2019, at college farm, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laidout in a Randomised Block Design with eleven treatments (viz., T1- NAA @ 50 ppm, T2-NAA @ 100 ppm, T3-GA3 @ 50 ppm, T4-GA3 @ 100 ppm, T5-Thiourea @ 250 ppm, T6-Thiourea @ 500 ppm, T7-28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.1 ppm, T8-28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.2 ppm, T9-Triacontinol @ 2.5 ppm, T10-Triacontinol @ 5 ppm, T11-(Control) Water spray) and three replications. The treatments were imposed at 30 and 45 DAT in the form of foliar spray. Foliar application of GA3@ 100 ppm (T4) had recorded the maximum plant height (108.20 cm), leaf area (9.53 cm2) and leaf area index (0.74). Foliar application of thiourea @ 250 ppm (T5) had recorded the maximum values with respect to number of primary branches (15.03 plant-1), number of secondary branches (83.40 plant-1), plant spread (1793 cm2 plant-1), fresh weight (376.29 g plant-1), dry weight (103.54 g plant-1) and number of leaves plant-1((298.8). The same treatment (T5) had recorded the highest values with respect to crop growth rate (1.44 gm-2d-1), chlorophyll-a (1.40 mg g-1), chlorophyll-b (0.076 mg g-1) and total chlorophyll contents (1.48 mg g-1) in the leaves.

Download Full-text