scholarly journals Diversity and abundance of arbuscular fungi mycorrhizal (AMF) in rhizosphere Zea mays in tidal swamp

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlin Sefrila ◽  
MUNIF GHULAMAHDI ◽  
PURWONO PURWONO ◽  
MAYA MELATI ◽  
IRDIKA MANSUR
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Zone Method ◽  
Corn Root ◽  
Tidal Swamp

Abstract. Sefrila M, Ghulamahdi M, Purwono Melati M, Mansur I. 2021. Diversity and abundance of arbuscular fungi mycorrhizal (AMF) in rhizosphere Zea mays in tidal swamp. Biodiversitas 22: 5071-5076. This study aims to find out the diversity and dominance of AMF spores and look at the morphology of fungi mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi that exist in the rooting area of corn (Zea mays L.) crops in the tidal swamp. The study was conducted in September 2020. Soil sampling at the tidal swamp village of Mulyasari Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, Indonesia randomly sampling the corn root zone method. The research stages are soil sampling, soil chemistry analysis, AMF isolation and trapping, and morphological identification of AMF spores. The results showed the number of spores found in soil samples in the corn crop rhizosphere before trapping was less when compared to after trapping. The spores' shape is round, oblong, and oval, with colors ranging from clear, yellow, to brown. AMF spores found come from 2 genera namely (Acaulospora scrobiculata, A. bireticulata, A. mellea, A. laevis) and Glomus (Glomus monosporum, G. constrictum, G. manihotis).

Assessment of nitrification and urease inhibitors on nitrate leaching in corn (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy A. Pawlick ◽  
Claudia Wagner-Riddle ◽  
Gary W. Parkin ◽  
Aaron A. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Large Field ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Urease Inhibitors ◽  
Eddy Covariance Method

Agricultural ecosystems are one of the largest global contributors to nitrate (NO3−) contamination of surface- and groundwater through fertilizer application. Improved fertilizer practices are needed to manage crop nutrient supply in corn (Zea mays L.) while minimizing impacts to clean water reserves. The goal of this study was to compare current nitrogen (N) fertilizer practices (urea at planting) with “packages” of improved management practices (a combination of right timing and product) that farmers potentially use. We conducted measurements in a continuous corn system from November 2015 to May 2017 at a large field scale (four 4 ha plots). Nitrate concentration was measured below the root zone and drainage estimated using a soil water budget approach in which evapotranspiration was measured using the eddy covariance method. The objective was to compare NO3−-N leaching from fields receiving urea vs. urea + combination of nitrification and urease inhibitors (NUI) fertilizer applications at planting, urea–ammonium nitrate (UAN) vs. UAN + NUI applied at sidedress, and a combination of these practices: urea + NUI at planting vs. UAN at sidedress. Drainage was only significant in the non-growing season. Neither fertilizer products applied with NUI at planting or sidedress proved to significantly reduce NO3−-N leaching. The combination of delaying fertilization to sidedress and applying UAN significantly reduced the soil water NO3−-N concentration compared with urea + NUI at planting (mean of 5.2 vs. 6.7 mg L−1) but only in 2015–2016. Based on these results, applying UAN at sidedress is recommended, although additional study years are needed to confirm those results.

scholarly journals Micromonospora zeae sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinomycete isolated from corn root (Zea mays L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 739-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Shen ◽  
Yuejing Zhang ◽  
Chongxi Liu ◽  
Xiangjing Wang ◽  
Junwei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Endophytic Actinomycete ◽  
Corn Root

FALL AND SPRING APPLICATIONS OF EPTC AND TWO ANTIDOTES FOR WEED CONTROL IN CORN

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. MOYER ◽  
R. D. DRYDEN ◽  
P. N. P. CHOW
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Field Plots

EPTC and the antidotes, R25788 (N, N-diallyldichloroacetamide) and R29148 (2, 2, 5-trimethyl-3-dichloroacetyl oxazolidine) were applied to field plots of corn (Zea mays L.) in the fall or spring from the fall of 1975 to the spring of 1978. Soil samples were taken from selected treatments in the fall of 1977 and spring of 1978. Residues of EPTC, R25788, and R29148 were measured by gas liquid chromatography. Much better weed control and higher corn yields were obtained with spring applications than with fall applications. EPTC at the highest rate of 13.4 kg/ha, without the antidotes, did not injure corn. Over 95% of the EPTC present in the soil on 24 Oct. 1977 had disappeared by 30 May 1978. Levels of EPTC on 30 May 1978 were appreciably higher following spring application. Neither R25788 nor R29148 disappeared faster than EPTC from the surface layer of soil.Key words: EPTC, R25788, R29148, soil residues, corn

Alternate partial root-zone drying irrigation improves nitrogen nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.) leaves

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenchang Wang ◽  
Fulai Liu ◽  
Shaozhong Kang ◽  
Christian R. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Accessions under Naturally Flooded Tidal-swamp Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Halimi ◽  
T.S. Pasaribu ◽  
S. Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Test Result

Background: Synthesis and introduction of adaptive open-pollinated-maize accessions may help farmers at tidal-swamp to increase income, since farmers can produce the seeds directly from their plantation. Methods: This research utilized fields and farmers of such area located at South Sumatera, Indonesia. Evaluated plants consisted of Unsri-J1 to J8-accessions, generated from recurrent-selections of double-crossing populations between Indonesian varieties and introduced-accessions of high-quality protein maize (HQPSSS) from Purdue University and acid-soil tolerant accession maize (SA3) from CIMMYT. Evaluation was designed as Randomized Complete Block. Measurements were taken on five observation-plots consisted of 25 plants/plot. Statistical analysis was performed by using Analysis of Variance, followed by Fisher’s protected-LSD-test. Result: Research indicated that most accessions showed good performance. The plant-height ranged 200 to 228 cm and anthesis-period at 44 to 46 days after-planting. The half-sib seeds production ranged from 2.20 to 2.93 t/ha and the real-yield, at farmer level, ranged 5.5 to 7.7 t/ha and the potential-yield reached 7.6 to 9.6 t/ha with protein-content ranged from 8.57 to 9.48%. This research suggested that accessions of Unsri-J6, followed by Unsri-J7, J2, J5 and J1 were promising for further development.

scholarly journals The Effects of Inorganic Fertilizer and Mineral Leucite Residues on K Uptake and Maize Yields (Zea mays L.) in Oxisols

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Sri Hartati ◽  
Slamet Minardi ◽  
Wiwik Hartatik ◽  
Isna Luthfa Haniati
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maize Yields

<p>The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of inorganic fertilizer and leucite mineral residues on K uptake and maize yields. This research had been conducted from October 2016 to September 2017 in the experimental field of Neglasari, Dramaga, Bogor. The soil was analyzed in the Soil Chemistry and Fertility Laboratory of Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The study was arranged in a completely randomized block design using 11 treatments with three replications. The result showed that the NPK 150 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> residues gave a better effect on corn yields whereas there was no significant effect of employing the standard NPK with RAE value of 123%. The study found that the residual treatment of inorganic fertilizers and leucite minerals had a significant impact on maize yields but not on K uptake.</p>

scholarly journals Endomikoriza yang Berasosiasi dengan Tanaman Pertanian Non-legum di Lahan Pertanian Daerah Transmigrasi Koya Barat, Kota Jayapura

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Supeni Sufaati ◽  
Suharno Suharno ◽  
Iriandi H. Bone
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Legume Plants ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Endomycorrhiza palys important role in nutrient uptake of agricultural plant. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of endomycorrhiza associated with non-legume plants, i.e.:Zea mays L., Solanum lycopersicum L., Capsicum frutescens L., Brassica oleracea L. and Brassica juncea (L.) Czern,  in agricultural area in Koya Barat, Jayapura. Survey was done before collecting root and soil samples. The root of those non-legume plants were cleaned and stained using method developed by Kormanic and Mc.Graw. Wet seaving method was done to analyze soil samples. The result showed that those non-legume plants were infected by endomycorrhiza. The highest infection percentage was on corn (Zea mays L.), while the lowest was on cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). Furthermore, from spore identification, 14 species of endomycorrhiza were found on the rhizosphere of those plants which were grouped into genus Glomus (5 species), Gigaspora (2 species), Acaulospora (2 species) and Scutelospora (1), however 4 species were remain unidentified yet. Therefore further study should be done to elucidate this problem.Key words: endomycorhiza, exploration, non-legum, Koya Barat, Jayapura.

scholarly journals AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MEASURING ROOT STRENGTH IN CORN (Zea mays L.)

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. DONOVAN ◽  
P. JUI ◽  
M. KLOEK ◽  
C. F. NICHOLLS
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Corn Root ◽  
Root Strength

The construction and use of equipment to measure the force required to pull a plant vertically from the ground as an index of corn root strength is described. Results from measurements of six inbreds in 2 yr demonstrated the efficiency of the method and identified significant differences in root strength among inbreds.

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