Bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in molluscs and fish at the Sai Gon - Dong Nai estuary

The aim of this study is to assess the biological accumulation of pesticide residues in aquatic organisms in Sai Gon - Dong Nai (SG-DN) estuary. Fish and mollusks were collected directly at the Soai Rap and Long Tau estuary of the SG-DN river system, washed and separated for taking the tissue. The organochlorine compounds from the tissue were then extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography system. The results showed that, the concentration of OCPs in Tegillarca granosa, Meretrix lyrata, Margaritifera auricularia and Bostrychus sinensis varied from 6.4 to 59.9 μg/kg, 7.2 to 322 μg/kg, 4.5 to 62.1 μg/kg and 2.9 to 114.3 μg/kg fresh weight, respectively. In general, molluscs species that accumulate more heptachlor, aldrin, endrin or dieldrin tend to accumulate less DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane). Endosulfan was the most commonly found in three bivalve mollusks while DDTs (1.5–75.2 μg/kg, averaging 8.7 μg/kg weight) was the most popular OCPs in the fish (Bostrychus sinensis) samples. In DDT group, the p,p’-DDT metabolite accounted for the largest percentage, reaching 50% of total DDTs. In HCH (Hexachlorocyclohexane) group, β-HCH isomer was predominant in almost samples. Mgr đích ccc nghiên cch này là đánh giá tích lũy sinh hhn ccn thuu trr sâu trong các sinh vvn ssnh dưưh nưưh ttư khu vvu ccu sông Sài Gòn - ĐĐn Nai (SG-DN). Cá và nhuyyu thh đưưy llư trry tiiy iicửa sông Soài RRà và Lòng Tàu thuu hh thhu sông SG-DN, đư-D rư- ss-D và tách llc phhh mô thht. Các hhc chh clo hho cơ sau đó đưưđ tách chii và phân tích bbch hh thhh ssh ký khí. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, dư lượng OCPs tích tụ trong sò điệp (Tegillarca granosa), ngao (Meretrix lyrata), trai nước ngọt (Margaritifera auricularia) và cá bớp (Bostrychus sinensis) dao động tương ứng từ 6,4 đến 59,9 μg/kg, 7,2 đến 322 μg/kg, 4,5 đến 62,1 μg/kg và 2,9 đến 114,3 μg/kg trọng lượng tươi. Nhìn chung, loài nhuyễn thể nào tích lũy nhiều heptachlor, aldrin, endrin hoăc dieldrin có xu hướng tích lũy ít DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane). Endosunfan là nhóm thuốc được tìm thấy nhiều nhất trong các loài nhuyễn thể nghiên cứu. Ngược lại, nhóm DDT lại phổ biến ở cá Bostrychus sinensis (1,5–75,2 μg/kg, trung bình 8,7 μg/kg trọng lượng). Dạng p.p’-DDT trong nhóm DDT chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất, tới 50% DDT tổng. Trong khi đó, đồng dạng β-HCH của nhóm HCH (Hexachlorocyclohexane) chiếm đa số trong hầu hết các mẫu.

Download Full-text

Pesticidal residue analysis and phytochemical screening in leaves and roots of Barleria prionitis Linn.

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1908 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 455-459

Author(s):

Reema Dheer ◽

Surendra Swarnkar

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Pesticide Residues ◽

Capillary Column ◽

Residue Analysis ◽

Extraction Procedure ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Leaves And Roots

In the present study emphasize on phytochemical screening in leaves and roots of Barleria prionitis Linn. The extract of plant materials total ash content, extractive value, water soluble ash, and loss on drying values were identified. Medicinal plant materials are liable to contain pesticide residues, which accumulate from agriculture practices, such as spraying, treatment of soils during cultivation and administration of fumigants during storage. It is therefore recommended that every sample of medicinal plants used for such type of studies should be analyzed for the pesticidal residues. Therefore in the present study parts of the herb used for their antidiabetic potential were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, which are persistent and remain in the food chain for longer periods. The samples of leaf and root of Barleria prionitis were ground coarsely and then preceded for the extraction procedure. The sample of extracts were analysed for residues of organochlorine pesticides by Gas Chromatography (GC). Analysis were carried out on a Schimadzu Model 2010 Gas Chromatograph (GC) equipped with 63 NI electron capture detector (ECD) and a capillary column HP ultra 2. The instrument was supported by Lab Solution software. The pesticide residues detected in them in the GC were within the limits. For phytochemical screening, the ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained were prepared and subjected to various qualitative tests in order to reveal the presence or absence of common phytopharmaceuticals by using standard tests. Keywords: Phytochemical screening, Pesticidal residues, Barleria prionitis Gas Chromatography, Ash value, extractive value.

Download Full-text

Sulfuric Acid Cleanup and KOH-Ethanol Treatment for Confirmation of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Application to Wastewater Samples

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/70.4.727 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 727-733

Author(s):

Felix HernÁndez HernÁndez ◽

Francisco J.López Benet ◽

Julio Medina Escriche ◽

Juan C.Barberá Ubeda

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Electron Capture ◽

Diethyl Ether ◽

Organochlorine Compounds ◽

Electron Capture Detection ◽

Ethanol Treatment ◽

Wastewater Samples

Abstract The efficacy of sulfuric acid cleanup and KOH-ethanol hydrolysis confirmation was studied for 22 organochlorine pesticides and 2 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Mean recoveries for different treatment times are given. The method was applied to analysis of several wastewater samples by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Organochlorine compounds were extracted by using separatory funnels and 15% diethyl ether in hexane as extractant. All the compounds studied could be analyzed except trifluralin, dichloran, dieldrin, and endrin, which were destroyed after treatment with concentrated H2S04. The pesticides found most commonly in the samples analyzed were fenson, tetradifon, lindane, methoxychlor, and dicofol.

Download Full-text

Sample Preparation Method for the Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Aquatic Organisms by Gas Chromatography

Achievements in the Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.als.2015.05.010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 65-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

V.Yu. Tsygankov ◽

M.D. Boyarova

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Preparation Method ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Sample Preparation Method

Download Full-text

Cyclodiene Chemistry. I. Derivative Formation for the Identification of Heptachlor, Heptachlor Epoxide, cis-Chlordane, frans-Chlordane, and Aldrin Pesticide Residues by Gas Chromatography

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/52.5.1092 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 1092-1100

Author(s):

Alfred S Y Chatj ◽

W P Cochrane

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Organochlorine Pesticides ◽

Pesticide Residues ◽

Heptachlor Epoxide ◽

Suitable Method ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Specific Chemical ◽

Selective Conversion ◽

Tert Butanol ◽

Sample Extract

Abstract Specific chemical methods for the GLC identification of several organochlorine pesticides are described. The simultaneous dehydrochlor ination of cis-chlordane and trans-chlordane, isomerization of heptachlor epoxide, and hydroxy derivatization of heptachlor was achieved by refluxing with potassium tert.-butoxide/tert.-butanol. This procedure, together with subsequent silylation for the identification of the hydroxy derivatives, constitutes a suitable method for the routine confirmation of the parent pesticides down to levels of 0.01 ppm, when present in 10 g sample extracts. In another investigation, heptachlor and aldrin were selectively converted to their correspondi ng chloroacetate derivatives. By this procedure, levels down to 0.02 ppm heptachlor and 0 04 p pm aldrin in a 10 g sample extract can be identified. The selective conversion of aldrin to dieldrin by monoperphthalic acid is also reported.

Download Full-text