Towards an integrative theory of homelessness and rough sleeping

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Good Theory ◽  
Integrative Theory ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Individual Interaction ◽  
Behavioural Patterns

This chapter considers some of the main psychological factors theorised to cause and maintain homelessness, with an eye towards developing an integrative theory of homelessness and rough sleeping. It first describes what a good theory or model may do in terms of identifying the psychological factors and concomitant interventions that may be useful in helping people to break out of behavioural patterns that maintain a cycle of rough sleeping and homelessness. It then examines factors that affect the likelihood of people becoming and staying homeless on a number of levels by making use of a framework increasing in ‘reductionism’. It also discusses a psychological approach to homelessness, the psychology of environment–individual interaction, and the detrimental effects of attachment and interpersonal issues, cognitive functioning, and negative beliefs on homelessness. Finally, it introduces a model of repeat homelessness that takes into account the factors mentioned above, along with psychological interventions.

Behavioural Approaches to Headaches

1987 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Paul R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Pain Mechanisms ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Headaches are a common problem, and psychological factors are widely acknowledged as playing a critical role in the development and maintenance of a high proportion of cases. This mini series consists of six contributions to the headache literature from researchers working in Australia. The papers focus on cycles in headache activity; behavioural patterns, copying styles and personality characteristics of headache sufferers; psychophysiological pain mechanisms; and potential adverse consequences of simplistic treatment approaches. The emphasis on non-treatment studies is unusual in this field but argued to be appropriate in view of the lack of knowledge concerning basic headache processes.

scholarly journals RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF MEDICINE THAT ELICIT LEGISLATIVE CHANGES IN THE HEALTH BUDGET

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Dana Sonia Oieru ◽  
Remus Amorin Popa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Social Entity ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
And Coping

Regarding the psychological factors as etiologic agents that trigger the somatic diseases has gained more and more ground in the past few years, successfully repeating that the human being is a bio-psycho-social entity. In order to render the psychological interventions more efficient for the management of the diabetes mellitus diseases, we must detect and modify those configurations of the early maladaptive schemes and coping styles that stick together in the so-called acquired vulnerability which makes the person liable to an inappropriate reaction against stress.

scholarly journals Context Matters: Social Psychological Factors That Underlie Academic Performance across Seven Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Salehi ◽  
S. A. Berk ◽  
R. Brunelli ◽  
S. Cotner ◽  
C. Creech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Undergraduate Biology ◽  
Impact Performance

Findings presented here demonstrate that institutional context plays an important role in the mechanisms underlying performance gaps in undergraduate biology and may affect how social psychological interventions impact performance across different learning environments.

Psychological Interventions Can Reduce Injury Risk in Athletes: A Critically Appraised Topic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shauna Ericksen ◽  
Geoff Dover ◽  
Richard DeMont
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
Not At Risk

Clinical Scenario: Injury prevention programs are becoming standard practice for reducing sports-related injuries, but most programs focus on musculoskeletal elements. Psychological factors can be strong predictors of sports-related injuries and there is recent evidence that suggests psychological interventions can be effective at reducing injury risk. It is unclear if injury prevention programs that focus on psychological factors are an important inclusion for athletic trainers/therapists. Athletes can be exposed to different psychological factors based on sport type including team or individual sports, which can increase their risk of injury. While psychological interventions can reduce injuries by addressing psychological symptoms, it is unclear if the interventions are effective for at-risk athletes in addition to athletes who are not suffering from any psychological factors. Currently, there are no guidelines or recommendations for athletic trainers/therapists to address psychological factors with the purpose of injury prevention. Clinical Question: Are psychological intervention programs effective in reducing sports-related injury risk and are they clinically relevant to athletic trainers/therapists for implementation in all settings? Summary of Findings: The authors searched the literature for studies investigating the use of psychological intervention programs to reduce sports-related injuries in an athletic population. The search returned 6 possible papers (2 systematic reviews without meta-analysis, 1 systematic review with a meta-analysis, 2 meta-analyses, and 1 randomized control trial not included in the systematic reviews). The authors narrowed our appraisal to one systematic review and one randomized controlled trial. The review contained all the studies from the previous review papers including 3 studies which performed screening procedures. The collection of evidence demonstrates positive effects associated with implementing psychological intervention techniques to reduce sports injury rates in all athletes; at-risk athletes, not at-risk athletes, and individual and team-sport athletes. Bottom Line: There is sufficient evidence supporting the use of a psychological-based intervention by athletic trainers/therapists to effectively reduce the number of injury occurrences in the athletic population. Direct comparisons of effectiveness between team and individual sports was not conducted in the research, but a substantial representation of both sport types existed. The current evidence includes a variety of athletic populations, at-risk and not at-risk, different sport types, and competition levels. Athletic trainers/therapists should consider the integration of psychological disciplines in current injury prevention practices to address the psychological concerns which put athletes at additional risk for injury. Strength of Recommendation: Grade B evidence exists to support the use of psychological intervention strategies in a well-developed injury prevention plan. Sports medicine practitioners can help athletes reduce stress, increase mindfulness, and be more aware of mental health practices which helps reduce injury risk.

Psychological strategies in osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost Dekker ◽  
Daniel Bossen ◽  
Jasmijn Holla ◽  
Mariëtte de Rooij ◽  
Cindy Veenhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Characteristic clinical presentations of osteoarthritis (OA) include pain and activity limitations. These presentations are dependent on psychological processes. The literature reviewed in this chapter leads to the following conclusions: (1) symptoms of depression, anxiety, and fatigue are more prevalent among patients with OA than among the general population. Recently, a depressive mood phenotype has been identified in knee OA. (2) Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and fatigue, as well as other psychological variables are established risk factors for future worsening of pain and activity limitations. (3) Psychological interventions such as depression care and pain coping skills training have been demonstrated to improve pain and activity limitations, as well as psychological outcomes. Self-management may have beneficial effects, although there is clearly room for improvement. Interventions combining psychological interventions with exercise therapy have been shown to be effective; improved outcome over exercise therapy alone stills needs to be demonstrated. (4) Psychological interventions are effective in improving exercise adherence and promoting physical activity. Overall, it can be concluded that the psychological approach towards OA is fruitful: the psychological approach has resulted in substantial contributions to the understanding and management of clinical presentations of OA, including pain and activity limitations.

scholarly journals A Socio-Psychological approach to understanding Child Rape: An analytical study: مقاربة سوسيوسيكولوجية لفهم جريمة اغتصاب الأطفال: دراسة تحليلية

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 64-51
Author(s):  
Awatef Atil Lemoueldi Awatef Atil Lemoueldi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Child Rape

This paper is about children rape crime; which represents one of the sexual violence patterns. This later has serious psychological, social and health effects on the child and grow up with him. Thus, it is regarded as the most dangerous kind of crimes against the child. This crime has come out of social and psychological factors. So, we studied this topic through the sociological theory and the psychological theory.

Stress, Inflammation and Cancer Prognosis: New Evidence-Based Effective Treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Y. Gidron ◽  
L. Caton ◽  
M. Reich
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Oncology Education ◽  
New Evidence

This article introduces the general model of stress, coping and adaptation applied to cancer, and biological mechanisms mediating psychological factors and cancer prognosis. The role of the vagus nerve as a possible bridge and therapeutic target in psycho-oncology is reviewed. Finally, the effects of brief psychological interventions (e.g., stress management) on cancer prognosis are presented. Psycho-oncology education and practice need to shift to a more evidence-based proactive approach, to help cancer patients adapt and possibly improve their quality and quantity of life.

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