Hearing the voice of the child: messages from research that expose gaps between theory, principle and reality

Author(s):  
Mervyn Murch

This chapter draws attention to the developing field of policy and practice-related research which seeks to take account of the views and experiences of children, with a focus on parental breakdown and separation. The overall research into a wide range of children's life experiences is developing fast, representing something of a cultural shift since the 1970s. Even before then, certain pioneering researchers, such as Royston Lambert and Spencer Millham, in their research in the 1960s for the Public Schools Commission, sought to sample the views of children. This led on to a number of other studies concerned with listening to children in educational and other professional services contexts. The chapter considers research conducted in the 1990s and early 2000s, before the full impact of modern information technology had been felt and prior to the availability of smart phones for children.

Author(s):  
Crawford Gribben

Since the 1960s, a growing number of American evangelicals have withdrawn their children from “government schools,” seeking alternative provision either in private Christian day schools or in parentally provided education within the home. Over two million American children are being home educated, and in the last few years, the number of children involved in home education has grown at a rate around twelve times that of the number of students entering public schools. Across the United States, but especially in north Idaho, an increasing number of believers are turning to several varieties of Christian education to dispute the minoritarian and subcultural assumptions of those believers who have conceded to liberal expectations, and to educate a generation of the faithful that will work to reclaim and eventually control the cultural mainstream. The influence of conservative religion on the public school system has never been greater, but in home schools, private schools, and liberal arts colleges, education has become a vital weapon in strategies of survival and resistance in evangelical America.


Author(s):  
Stuart J. Foster ◽  
O. L. Davis, Jr

Historically public schools and public school teachers have been obvious targets for attacks by conservative critics. However, during the post World War II red scare, the rapid emergence of anti-communist sentiment and super-patriotic zeal dramatically increased their vulnerability. In many respects the arch conservatism of the 1950s has obvious parallels with political trends in American education this century. As in the 1950s, contemporary pressures by well-organised and powerful conservative groups, 'think tanks', politicians, and economic interests have been particularly successful in influencing educational policy and practice on a wide range of issues. Attention to the educational context of the 1950s, therefore, reasonably offers contemporary educators important historical insights into the ways in which socio-political forces profoundly shape and dramatically influence educational policy and practice.


1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Allen ◽  
J. M. Kovacik

During the decade of the 1960s, industrial users recognized the gas turbine as a reliable prime mover for base load process applications. Gas turbine cogeneration systems were installed in various industries, including chemical, petroleum refining, pulp and paper, and metals. Typically, the size of the cogeneration system considered, and thus the gas turbine size, was governed by the internal heat and power demands of the specific plant. More recently, worldwide concern with regard to the cost and efficient use of energy is providing continuing opportunities for gas turbine cogeneration systems. In some locations, legislation is being enacted to encourage the development of cogeneration to the benefit of the public. This legislation can increase the number of alternative methods in which a cogeneration system can be developed. This paper will briefly review cogeneration principles applicable to the development of gas turbine energy supply systems. The wide range of conditions that can be satisfied using gas turbine cogeneration systems will be introduced. Brief discussions of recent installations are presented, illustrating the actual applications of some of these concepts.


Author(s):  
Robert Colls

This is a history of sport as one of England’s great civil cultures. It addresses ‘sports’ as athletic competitions, ‘sport’ as fun and games and showing off, and sporting occasions as a mixture of both. The subject does not lend itself to simple definitions, and the book does not try to impose any. By and large, it takes sport as it found it in the lives of the people. Drawing on a wide range of sources, from oil paintings to handbills, from the criminal to the constitutional, all the chapters begin with a ‘thick’ description of a sporting event before spreading the net to bring in the longer history, and meaning, of the sport in question. No one ever doubted that there was more to sport than sport itself. Prize-fighting and riding found particular favour with the army, cricket and rowing with the public schools, hockey and lacrosse with the education of middle-class girls, scarves and colours with the part sport played in the invention of the modern university. Above all, sport in England was recognized as liberty, the physical freedom to be. Of course, sport was not liberty’s only expression. There was always politics. Puritans fought a civil war for liberty and saw sport as a snare and a sin. For the first 100 years of this book, Methodists (and not only them) saw sportsmen as creatures of greed and corruption. This Sporting Life tries to show the reader some part of what it was like to be alive, and feel alive, rich and poor, men and women, young and old, in England, between 1760 and 1960.


2020 ◽  
pp. 201-233
Author(s):  
Robert Colls

Chapter 7 gets away from the school side of things to the boys’ and girls’ side. Bloods’ is an old word for a certain kind of aristocratic young man taken up by the public schools to mean a leading man of fashion, or a captain of sport, or both. It never applied to girls but it is quite clear that there were sporty girls who could take the daring part and all girls’ schools, like all boys’ schools, were periodically rocked over what to wear and the best way to wear it. Sport was the main inspiration for fashion, and sporting fashion was the key to the true standing of a ‘Blood’. In all these things, schools had to negotiate with their pupils. The extent to which they were able to do so determined the sort of school it was and the boys and girls side of things led, first in the 1920s and again in the 1960s, to the creation of the modern university as a place where students enjoyed boarding-house life and the liberty to play and have fun. Chapter 7 also describes the crisis in elite masculinity in the 1850s, a crisis over military failure but also to do with perceived failings in the character and personality of elite young men. Sport was never far away from this crisis, both as the cause and the solution.


2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Daykin

Creativity, health and wellbeing (CHW) has emerged as a multidisciplinary field of research, policy and practice over the last 20 years. Its beginnings can be traced from the establishment of art therapies in the post war period and from the growth of community arts in the 1960s, which fostered connections between arts professionals, researchers, educators and policy advocates seeking to respond to local challenges (White, 2009).  Subsequently the CHW field has grown through evidence building, advocacy and sector development and there is now a wider recognition of the contribution of arts and cultural engagement to a wide range of policy objectives. For example, policies such as social prescribing view arts spaces, activities and resources as community assets that can be used to improve health, to support people living with long-term conditions and to reduce pressure on health services. Nevertheless, the successful integration of arts and creativity into policy and practice is some way off, partly because of ongoing theoretical, methodological and political challenges (Daykin, 2020).


2017 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Maria Ferguson

Current policy and practice diverge from what the American public wants (as measured by the 2017 PDK Poll of the Public’s Attitudes Toward the Public Schools) and a good bit of education research. This year’s PDK poll reveals a sharp rise in public support for integrating academic and career preparation, a view that closely aligns with research by the author’s organization, the Center for Education Policy. CEP recently analyzed data from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Information Network, which surveys employers on the kinds of skills and knowledge required for more than 900 jobs and occupations, and learned that the best way to prepare students for the fastest-growing jobs is by helping them cultivate a mix of social, personal, and academic strengths, including the ability to communicate effectively, to analyze and solve complex problems, to work well in teams, and to be persistent in the face of challenges.


2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Read

Abstract This paper uses the 1960s detergent debate to examine the shift to environmental attitudes in Ontario. The first phase of the detergent issue began in 1963 and addressed excessive foaming in the province's water created by detergent residues. The Ontario Water Resources Commission ignored protest from municipal governments and allowed the manufacturers to resolve the problem on their own. In 1969, the environmental phase of the issue began when phosphate-based detergents were blamed for the dwindling quality of Great Lakes water. The appearance of strong advocacy groups, especially Pollution Probe from the University of Toronto, marked this stage. Pollution Probe used science and strong media relations to mobilise public support to ban phosphate-based detergents. The paper assesses the success of strategies employed during both phases of the debate and ties that to the emergence of environmental attitudes among the public.


1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hildegarde Traywick

This paper describes the organization and implementation of an effective speech and language program in the public schools of Madison County, Alabama, a rural, sparsely settled area.


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