Explanations: housing matters

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-138
Author(s):  
Mike Allen ◽  
Lars Benjaminsen ◽  
Eoin O’Sullivan ◽  
Nicholas Pleace
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Housing First ◽  
Private Providers ◽  
Housing Benefit

Chapter 5 explores the role of Housing First and then the broader housing market, particularly social housing, in explaining the variations in outcomes described in previous chapters. The chapter argues that the scale of secure affordable housing and the targeting of those experiencing homelessness are crucial in reducing homelessness. The Irish do worse in this regard despite expending considerable amounts of public funding on the provision of social housing. This is because it largely relies on private providers to provide housing, with the gap between ability to pay and market rents made up by a housing benefit payment. Denmark retains a considerable stock of public social housing, but is facing tight housing markets in its major urban areas, particularly Copenhagen, where homelessness in concentrated. In Finland, the steady provision of secure affordable housing, coupled with a housing-led/focused response to homelessness have allowed for the provision of a significant number of secure tenancies for households experiencing homelessness.

scholarly journals Marketing, management and financial providing of affordable housing

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-230
Author(s):  
Svitlana Ianchuk ◽  
Olga Garafonova ◽  
Yuliia Panimash ◽  
Dariusz Pawliszczy
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Marketing Management ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Per Capita

Today’s rising housing prices in most countries worldwide have caused increasable attention to the problem of affordable housing. It is a social or ethical issue and an essential economic direction. Thus, affordable housing has great potential, influencing economic growth, labor forces, innovation, sustainable development, and an inclusive economy. Systematization of informational sources, theoretical and practical approaches for providing affordable housing, and assessing social housing needs indicated many views on this problem among scholars and policymakers. That is why marketing, management, and financial providing of affordable housing are significant mainstreams. The research aims to investigate marketing and management fundamentals of providing affordable housing in connection with funding aspects based on cross-country analysis. For achieving this target, key trends of housing market segmentation were analyzed, considering the distribution of the population by tenure status and analytical house price indicators using the data of the statistical office of the EU, the World Bank, and the OECD. The ways to promote more affordable housing by public and local authorities, private investors in affordable housing, and specific social and affordable housing market organizations were described. Main organizational forms of providing affordable and social housing were also characterized. Particular attention was paid to strategic planning for affordable and social housing, especially housing business plans or affordable housing strategy development as a priority step in marketing, management, and financial providing affordable housing. A SWOT analysis for affordable housing developments was used to show strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the affordable housing market. To empirically confirm some relevant strengths, the impact of indicators of financial providing of affordable housing was formalized based on correlation analysis (calculating Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients with time lags based on results of Shapiro-Wilk testing) and construction of Arellano–Bond linear dynamic panel-data regression model with checking the Sargan test of overidentifying restrictions (the sample from 25 EU countries for 2011–2019) using the Excel 2010 and STATA 14.2 software. The dynamic model made it possible to consider the share of affordable housing owners with mortgage or loan or the share of tenants, rent affordable housing at a reduced price or free. The value of GDP of the previous period affects the current situation (due to introducing lag variables and using instrumental variables or the generalized method of moments (GMM) to obtain adequate estimates). The hypothesis that an increase of 1% of the share of affordable housing owners with mortgage or loan causes the rise in GDP per capita of an average of 0.44% with a two-year time lag was empirically confirmed. An increase of 1% of the share of tenants, rent-free housing or affordable housing at the reduced price, causes the decrease of GDP per capita of an average of 0.5% with a two-year time lag. It was substantiated that governments should continue and improve their policies for financing social and affordable housing. At the same time, they should prefer affordable mortgage lending programs over programs of reduced or free rental housing. The results of this research confirm the significant drivers of policies and practices devoted to affordable and social housing, such as marketing, management, and financial providing. The presented recommendations are useful for scholars interested in this scientific field of research, public and local authorities, investors in affordable housing, and specific affordable and social housing organizations.

An analysis on housing affordability in Malaysian housing markets and the home buyers’ preference

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Soon ◽  
Consilz Tan
Keyword(s):  
Housing Policy ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Residential Units

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the housing preference and housing affordability in Malaysian housing markets. There is a lack of research on the gap between supply and demand of houses in this market. Urbanization has increased the demand of houses in urban areas. However, the high demand in residential units increases the housing price which causes the affordability level dropped. Besides, the residences that provided by developers do not meet the expectation of the home buyers. There are three attributes that examined in this research to understand the home buyers’ preference. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides quantitative analysis on the housing affordability and the home buyers’ preference. This paper presents the results on the home buyers’ housing affordability and buying preference on houses. In addition, the study further confirmed the significant relationship between monthly income and type of preferred house, as well as monthly income and range of housing affordability using cross-tabulation analysis. Findings The findings indicated that the housing price in the current market is not affordable by most of the homebuyers and there are certain attributes that important to home buyers which should not be neglected. Research limitations/implications This paper helps to shed light on the planning of Malaysian housing policy especially on the issue of providing affordable housing in urban areas. Practical implications Policymakers shall consider the elements of economics, social acceptance and feasibility of Malaysian housing policies to achieve sustainability in Malaysian housing markets. With the current government’s move to promote housing affordability amongst B40 income groups, local government and housing developers should work together in addressing housing demand in accordance to states and ensure that there is a more targeted housing policy. Social implications With the detailed analysis on the home buyers’ preference, it helps to promote sustainable housing developments in meeting basic housing needs and preference. Originality/value This is the first study to examine relationship between Malaysian housing affordability with monthly income and type of preferred house. In the meantime, the housing affordability is compared with mean housing price and type of perceived affordable house. The paper presented homebuyer’s preference in housing for the consideration of government and housing developers in providing affordable housing.

Creating a gap that can be filled: Constructing and territorializing the affordable housing submarket in Gauteng, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-199
Author(s):  
Siân Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Shape Space ◽  
City Region ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
Housing Submarket ◽  
Property Markets

As the housing bubble burst in overheated property markets around the world, South Africa’s so-called ‘affordable housing market’ appeared to be bucking the trend. From 2010, affordable housing prices were rising and selling quickly, especially in Gauteng, Johannesburg’s city-region, chronically short of actually affordable housing and with a growing black middle class. Touted as ‘SA’s best-kept investment secret’, the affordable housing market offered a lifeline to the property industry and the potential to democratize segregated property markets. Yet, in practice, the tapping of South Africa’s lower-income housing market by capital has been a limited one, narrowly catering to particular subjects and spaces. Drawing on heterodox approaches to ‘actually existing markets’ and qualitative fieldwork conducted in Johannesburg between 2012 and 2013, this paper traces how the boundaries of the affordable housing and mortgage submarket are produced and shift through the investments of multiple communities with their own theories of housing markets and different interests in ‘making the market work’. Despite these investments and contestations, the submarket is narrowly territorialized within developer-driven housing largely in Gauteng for public-sector workers, to optimize the market within mortgage capital’s frameworks of risk, return, race and space. The South African mortgaged affordable housing submarket is not so much in need of market information or constitutive of a new frontier of global finance, as a territorial fix for domestic capital vis-à-vis development imperatives. To investigate struggles over this submarket, I draw together socio-institutional approaches to markets with critical political economy of housing markets and put them into conversation with critical development studies scholarship on markets. This combination allows us to make space for multiple projects of ‘improvement’ and profit in our analyses of market-making, as well as how these are shaped by, and shape, space and conjuncture. I seek to contribute to a growing literature on the geographies of markets from a Global South context where housing is framed as both a market good and constitutional right by examining a case of apparent ‘market failure’.

scholarly journals Homebuyers and the representation of spatial markets by information providers

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Dunning ◽  
Andrew Grayson
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Housing Search ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Information Providers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to renew a research agenda considering the impact that information providers’ processes are having on the housing market; in particular to develop a research agenda around the role of the Internet in shaping households’ perceptions of the spatial nature of housing markets. Design/methodology/approach – This paper reviews the existing literature. It uses preliminary extensive survey findings about the role of the Internet in housing search to hypothesise ways in which households may be affected by this transition. Findings – Not applicable – other than evidence for the growth in the importance of the Internet in shaping households’ housing search. Practical implications – First, the academy needs to readdress the theory surrounding information acquisition and use insights from economics, sociology and psychology to understand these processes. Second, local authorities and academics should analyse the impact of Internet use on housing market boundaries (and the profound subsequent impact on policy traction). Third, estate agents should reconsider the role of the Internet in shaping housing markets and provide a critical response to the large property search engines. Originality/value – This paper reviews the literature and explores the necessity of a renewed interest in research on the role of information sources in framing and constraining housing search behaviour.

scholarly journals Housing systems in the Global South: The relevance of the ‘social housing’ approach in meeting housing needs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Vaziri Zadeh ◽  
Frank Moulaert ◽  
Stuart Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Global South ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Housing Rights ◽  
Global North ◽  
Housing Needs

This paper addresses the problem of accessing decent and affordable housing in the Global South, where the housing need is, in general, more problematic than in the Global North. The paper first identifies five distinctive characteristics of housing systems in the Global South as compared to those in the Global North. These include: (a) the diverse facets of global financialization; (b) the role of the developmentalist state; (c) the importance of informality; (d) the decisive role of the family; and (e) the rudimentary welfare systems. Given these features, the paper reflects on the concept and practices of social housing, particularly their appropriateness to deal with the housing problem in the Global South. The paper then addresses the question of whether the social housing approach is relevant for solving the contemporary housing needs in the Global South. It argues that social housing, redefined to better encompass the distinctive characteristics of housing systems in the Global South, is indeed a useful policy approach and can play a decisive role in satisfying unmet housing needs. Such an approach needs to take into account the great role of informality and family support systems and develop appropriate funding instruments and modes of institutionalization protecting housing rights and the quality of life.

The lost decade of social and affordable housing: austerity and marketisation

Housing Shock ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 167-190
Author(s):  
Rory Hearne
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Rental Sector ◽  
Housing Provision ◽  
Housing Assistance ◽  
Main Form ◽  
Private Market ◽  
Lost Decade ◽  
Housing Benefit

This chapter outlines the ‘lost decade’ of social housing provision in Ireland: the austerity and marketisation policies that resulted in the collapse of social housing building from 2009 to 2019. It shows how austerity measures involved an intensification of the ongoing neoliberal shift from the direct building of social housing by local authorities to the marketisation of social housing provision through the private sector. The forms of marketisation are detailed including the increased use of the private rental sector for social housing (via subsidies and leasing), but also the purchasing of units from the private market. It details how from 2010 onwards, the provision of social housing via subsidies to the private rental sector almost entirely replaced direct building of social housing. This includes the Governments housing plan, Rebuilding Ireland which embedded marketisation and austerity, by using the housing benefit - the Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) as the main form of housing provision. It details how HAP and other private market forms of social housing provision worsens the housing supply crisis, is poor value for money, results in tenant insecurity and discrimination, and facilitates the financialisation of housing. And how this is one of the main reasons the Irish housing system suffered such a major shock with the emergence of a new homelessness crisis in 2013.

Trajectories of Spatial Assimilation or Place Stratification? A Typology of Residence and Workplace Histories of Newly Arrived Migrants in Sweden

2022 ◽  
pp. 019791832110373
Author(s):  
Guilherme Kenji Chihaya ◽  
Szymon Marcińczak ◽  
Magnus Strömgren ◽  
Urban Lindgren ◽  
Tiit Tammaru
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Spatial Assimilation ◽  
Stratification Theory ◽  
Place Stratification ◽  
Over Time

In most societies, resources and opportunities are concentrated in neighborhoods and workplaces occupied by the host population. The spatial assimilation and place stratification theories propose trajectories (the sequences of events) leading to minority and migrant access to or exclusion from these advantageous places. However, most previous research on these theories did not ask whether such theorized trajectories occur. We apply sequence analysis to decade-long residence and workplace histories of newly arrived migrants in Sweden to identify a typology of combined residence-work trajectories. The seven types of trajectories in our typology are characterized by varying degrees of proximity to the host population in residential neighborhoods and workplaces and by different patterns of change in such proximity over time. The pivotal role of socioeconomic gains in spatial assimilation, posited by the namesake theory, is not supported, as we do not find that migrant employment precedes residence alongside the host population. The importance of housing-market discrimination for migrants’ exclusion from host-dominated spaces, posited by place stratification theory, is only weakly supported, as we find that migrants from less affluent countries accumulate disadvantage over time, likely due to discrimination in both the labor and housing markets. Our findings also underscore the need for new theories explaining migrant residential outcomes which apply to contexts where migrant-dense neighborhoods are still forming.

The experience of an African city: urban areas in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
pp. 191-208
Author(s):  
Adama Belemviré
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Housing Production ◽  
African City ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Poor Access

The combination of the population explosion and the unbridled and disjointed urbanization in Burkina Faso is posing a crucial problem of poor access to decent housing. This chapter distinguishes different stages of urban development in Burkina, and analyses the inconsistency of public measures. It also discusses the role of housing markets and governments in a country where self-construction is the main mode of housing production; the withdrawal of the State from the organization of housing promotion; and the emergence of a civil society.

scholarly journals Affordable Housing vs. Urban Land Rent in Widespread Settlement Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Berto ◽  
Giovanni Cechet ◽  
Carlo Antonio Stival ◽  
Paolo Rosato
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Investment Fund ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Northeastern Italy ◽  
Settlement Areas

Social housing constitutes a partial response to the demand for affordable housing. In Europe, there are different forms of social housing, which are distinguishable based on whether they employ a universal or residual approach. The latter is employed by Italian initiatives for social residential construction, the financial instrument of which is the Investment Fund for Housing, a closed-end fund managed by CDP (Cassa Depositi e Prestiti) Investment, which provides public–private partnerships. The main obstacle to the supply of low-cost houses is the high cost of building areas or, in other words, the high urban land rent. The value of building areas is particularly high in urban areas and in widespread settlement areas, for instance, in Northeastern Italy. The main objective of this paper is to identify the trade-off between urban land rent and housing affordability in a social housing intervention in Pordenone (Northeastern Italy). Four different scenarios are developed, the variables of which are: Cost of the area (urban rent), cost of construction works (quality of the buildings), and household income distribution. The results show that achieving the economic and social objectives of a social housing investment simultaneously is not possible in any of the scenarios evaluated. To allow the social groups most in need to access affordable housing would require a reduction of approximately 30% of the estimated cost of a building area.

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