Navigating the transition to adulthood

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
John Bynner ◽  
Walter R. Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
Welfare Mix ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The Life Course

The focus here is on the drivers of transitions and the routes that young people have to navigate in what is now a labour market ever-more associated with risk and precarity. Transitions are status passages of the life course that young people have to navigate. They are related to social pathways that differ in structure and number in England and Germany and reflect their management of personal relationships, education, and employment. The transition from education to work is considered from the perspective of institutional arrangements and discussed in terms of the effects of digitalisation in restructuring occupations on the pathways of vocational training and academic education. A core theme is how social class and differences in the welfare mix for young people are key influences on their access to occupational opportunities and the process and outcomes of such transitions.

scholarly journals “They Live in Indifference Together”: Marriage Mobility in Zeeland, The Netherlands, 1796–1922

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (S13) ◽  
pp. 247-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Bras ◽  
Jan Kok
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Class ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Mixed Marriage ◽  
Government Report ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
The Life Course

This article investigates developments in and antecedents of socially mixed marriage in the rural Dutch province of Zeeland during the long nineteenth century, taking individual and family histories, community contexts, and temporal influences into account. A government report of the 1850s said of Zeeland that farmers and workers lived “in indifference together”. However, our analysis of about 163,000 marriage certificates reveals that 30 to 40 per cent of these rural inhabitants continued to marry outside their original social class. Multivariate logistic regressions show that heterogamous marriages can be explained first and foremost by the life-course experiences of grooms and brides prior to marriage. Previous transitions in their occupational careers (especially to non-rural occupations for grooms, and to service for brides), in their migration trajectories (particularly moves to urban areas), and changes in the sphere of personal relationships (entering widowhood, ageing) are crucial in understanding marriage mobility.

Which countries perform best and why?

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-90
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Youth Labour Market ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The Uk

This chapter examines countries' performance regarding youth unemployment. Although the labour market situation of young people has started to improve in a number of countries since the Great Recession of 2007–8, youth unemployment still remains very high across Europe. High youth unemployment rates reflect young people's difficulties in securing employment, or the inefficiency of the labour market. Germany and the Netherlands have established the most effective institutions to achieve a high integration of 15–19 year-olds in education and employment. Indeed, both Germany and the Netherlands are amongst the highest performing countries in the EU for making sure their young people are in employment. Austria and Denmark also achieve good youth labour market and employment outcomes. Meanwhile, countries like France and the UK try to facilitate school-to-work (STW) transitions by lowering labour costs through subsidies or low employment protection.

Schooling in the Course of Human Lives: The Social Context of Education and the Transition to Adulthood in Industrial Society

1993 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Pallas
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Cross National

This review examines the role of schooling in the life course of individuals, focusing on the timing and sequencing of schooling in the transition to adulthood. First, I examine conceptual issues in the study of schooling and the life course, drawing heavily on the sociological literature. I then consider the timing and sequencing of schooling in the transition to adulthood in the United States, and the consequences of variations in the timing and sequencing of schooling for adult social and economic success. I then discuss the role of social structure, norms, and institutional arrangements in the transition to adulthood, with special attention to cross-national comparisons with the U. S. and historical changes within countries. I conclude with speculations regarding trends in the role of schooling in the life course, and some directions for future research on this topic.

scholarly journals Integration of Young People into the Latvian Labour Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liva Grinevica ◽  
Raimonds Kovalevs
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Employment Decisions ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Education Outcomes ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Unemployed Youth ◽  
Future Vision

Abstract The research deals with the question of how different resources affect the labour market integration of the long-term unemployed youth. The main hypothesis it advances is that the youth who have access to different resources will find more stable jobs or develop their own business after unemployment than those lacking such different kinds of support. In making the education and employment decisions during the transition from school to work, there is strong evidence of the importance for young people to make good initial career decisions and an enduring effect of academic achievement on labour market and education outcomes. This research is based on scientific discussion of different author opinions and survey results of young people as well as on views on the future vision of authors.

scholarly journals Entre la escuela y el trabajo. El tránsito a la vida adulta de los jóvenes en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y el Distrito Federal / Between School and Work. The Transition to Adult Life among Young People in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the Federal District, Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina A. Ferraris ◽  
Mario Martínez Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
The Life Course

El tránsito a la vida adulta es un proceso que incluye múltiples experiencias que invo­lucran el equilibrio de entrada y salida de diferentes roles. La perspectiva de curso de vida permite estudiar a los sujetos y las familias en el tiempo; asume las transiciones como diversas, socialmente creadas y modeladas por circunstancias históricas y por tradiciones culturales. En esta investigación se analiza el calendario de salida de la escuela y comienzo de la vida laboral de los jóvenes de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en Argentina y el Distrito Federal en México al comienzo del presente siglo.Abstract:The transition to adulthood is a process that includes several experiences involving a balance between taking on and abandoning various roles. The life course perspective permits the study of subjects and their families over time and assumes transitions as diverse, socially created and shaped by historical circumstances and cultural traditions. This research analyzes the period between the end of school and the start of the working lives of young people from City of Buenos Aires in Argentina and the Federal District in Mexico at the start of this century.

Social Exclusion of Pakistani and Bangladeshi Women

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Dale
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
The Family ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Life Course

This paper explores some of the processes that influence access to higher education and employment for Pakistani and Bangladeshi women in Britain. We ask what changes we can expect amongst younger Pakistani and Bangladeshi women who have grown up in the UK? How do we expect educational qualifications and family formation to influence labour market participation amongst these women? What barriers do these women face in obtaining qualifications and paid employment? To what extent are these barriers imposed by the family and community and to what extent are they imposed by the local labour market? We find evidence of change across generations. By contrast with their mothers' generation, younger women who had been educated in the UK saw paid work as a means to independence and self- esteem. Women with higher level qualifications often showed considerable determination in managing to combine paid work and child-care. Whilst most women subscribed strongly to the centrality of the family, it is clear that the majority will follow very different routes through the life-course from their mothers. However, even with higher level qualifications, women are facing considerable barriers to employment. If the expected increase in economic activity amongst Pakistani and Bangladeshi women is not to lead to even higher unemployment, there is a pressing need to ensure that potential employers do not hold negative and out-dated stereotypes of traditional Muslim women.

scholarly journals Social Capital and Stratification of Young People

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Behtoui
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Status Attainment ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact

This paper addresses the impact of social capital on the status attainment process of young people at the start of their careers and examines how social class, gender and ethnicity affect the accumulation of social capital and thereby labour market stratification of young people. A sample of young Swedes graduating from vocational schools and universities between 2005 and 2006, was surveyed via the telephone about their experiences acquiring jobs. Two research questions are posed: (i) Which characteristics (class, gender and ethnicity) affect young people's access to more social capital? (ii) How is social capital rewarded in the labour market? The results show that being female, coming from the lower social classes and being a member of a stigmatized immigrant groupare associated with a substantial social capital deficit. When socioeconomic and demographic backgrounds as well as the human capital of respondents are controlled, social capital is positively associated with salary level. The results indicate that social capital is a significant factor in the stratification process of young people.

scholarly journals Young people who self-harm

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Young ◽  
Michael van Beinum ◽  
Helen Sweeting ◽  
Patrick West
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Market Position ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Labour Market Position

BackgroundSelf-harm among young people in the UK is possibly increasing but little is known about the reasons young people give for cessation and their link with gender or employment status.AimsTo investigate self-harm in young people, prevalence, methods used, motivations for starting and ceasing, service use, and how these are related to gender, parental social class and current labour market position.MethodPopulation-based survey of 1258 18-to 20-year-olds living in the Central Clydeside Conurbation, Scotland.ResultsBoth past and current rates of self-harm were highest among those outside the labour market. This group was most likely to want to kill themselves and did not cite specialist mental health services as helpful in ceasing self-harm. Those in full-time education more often self-harmed for a brief time, mainly to reduce anxiety.ConclusionsCurrent labour market position was a stronger predictor than parental social class or gender for self-harm, and was linked to level of severity, motivation for starting and ceasing, and service utilisation.

Young People, Work and Society: New Terrain

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
David Farrugia
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
The Status ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
The Relationship

Contemporary research on youth and work is focused on young people’s transitions into employment – on the question of who gets which jobs and when do they get these jobs. In this it is neglecting the relationship between work, productivity and the self, or the status of young people as labouring subjects who must produce value through their work. This has also led to a limited view of the nature of social class, which has come to focus on the distribution of economic and cultural resources that may be exchanged on the labour market to the exclusion of work as a uniquely significant site for the formation of the classed self. Taking up these conceptual problems is the task of the book.

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