Mental health, risk and antisocial behaviour in young offenders: challenges and opportunities

2007 ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Bailey ◽  
Robert Vermeiren ◽  
Paul Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Mental health, risk and antisocial behaviour in young offenders:

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-72
Author(s):  
Sue Bailey ◽  
Robert Vermeiren ◽  
Paul Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Young Offenders

Juvenile delinquency and serious antisocial behaviour

2012 ◽  
pp. 1945-1960
Author(s):  
Susan Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Individual

Juvenile crime and delinquency represent a significant social and public health concern. Both rates of mental disorders and offending are high during adolescence. This chapter reviews prevalence rates of mental disorders in young offenders, screening, and assessment of juveniles, principles of interventions with young offenders before describing principles of forensic mental health, policy and practice, how mental disorders in adolescence can impact on offending and antisocial behaviour, how policy is shaping practice in this field and how mental health practitioners may be involved in meeting mental health needs and undertaking medico-legal assessments Delinquency, conduct problems, and aggression all refer to antisocial behaviours that reflect a failure of the individual to conform his or her behaviour to the expectations of some authority figure, to societalnorms, or to respect the rights of other people. The ‘behaviours’ can range from mild conflicts with authority figures, to major violation of societalnorms, to serious violations of the rights of others. The term ‘delinquency’ implies that the acts could result in conviction, although most do not do so. The term ‘juvenile’ usually applies to the age range, extending from a lower age set by age of criminal responsibility to an upper age when a young person can be dealt with in courts for adult crimes. These ages vary between, and indeed within, countries and are not the same for all offences.

scholarly journals Health risk assessment and countermeasure analysis of the elderly population exposed to PM2.5 microenvironment

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yan Xu ◽  
Wantian Cui
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Exposure Concentration ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: China’s atmospheric PM2.5 pollution is serious, and PM2.5 exerts a negative impact on the human respiratory system, cardiovascular, and mental health, and even more serious health risk for the elderly with weak immunity. OBJECTIVE: This work aims to analyse the impacts of PM2.5 microenvironment exposure on the health of the elderly and provide corresponding countermeasures. METHODS: The survey subjects are 118 retired elderly people in the community. PM2.5 exposure concentrations are monitored in summer (June 10 ∼ July 10, 2019) and winter (November 25 ∼ December 25, 2019). RESULTS: The exposure concentration in winter is higher than that in summer, with statistical difference (P <  0.05). Under the impact of PM2.5 microenvironment exposure, smoking in the elderly can increase the concentration of PM2.5, and long-term exposure to PM2.5 in the elderly can cause mental health problems. CONCLUSION: Long-term exposure of the elderly to the PM2.5 microenvironment leads to physical diseases and even psychological problems, which requires attention.

Cannabis use among early adolescents and transdiagnostic mental health risk factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452199463
Author(s):  
Sara Moreno-Mansilla ◽  
Jorge J Ricarte ◽  
David J Hallford
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: Cannabis is the most widely used psychoactive substance among adolescents worldwide, and the age at which consumption begins to decrease. Cannabis use in adolescents is associated with a wide range of adverse consequences in adulthood including increased vulnerability to psychosis and other mental disorders, as well as suicidal ideation and attempt. The aim of this study is to extend understanding of the link between cannabis use and mental illness by examining whether cannabis use at early ages predicts transdiagnostic variables that are precursors to severe clinical diagnoses. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was made up of 605 adolescents from 7th to 9th grades, with a mean age of 13.2 years ( SD = 1.0, 47% girls). The variables evaluated were: anomalous perception of reality, intolerance of uncertainty, rumination, suicide attempt, hopelessness, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. The administration of the questionnaires was carried out in groups of 20 participants under the supervision of a researcher in a unique session of 1 hour. Results: Adolescent cannabis users scored higher on all variables assessed: anomalous perception of reality (Cohen’s d = .60), rumination ( d = .48), intolerance of uncertainty ( d = .11), suicidal attempt (affirmative answer: 25.9% of users vs 7.7% of non-users), hopelessness ( d = .85), symptoms of depression ( d = .80), and anxiety ( d = .39). A binary logistic regression showed that the only variable uniquely related to cannabis use was hopelessness (Wald = 4.560, OR: 1.159, p = .033). Conclusions: Among some mental health risk factors, hopelessness appears uniquely related to cannabis use. Adolescents may use cannabis as a coping strategy for negative thoughts and emotions, or it may be a consequence of cannabis use. Future prevention programs should focus on preventing/treating modifiable factors such as hopelessness, and delaying cannabis use in specific subgroups of adolescents who experience pathologies such as depression or suicide attempts.

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