scholarly journals Psychophysical Assessment of Timing in Individuals With Autism

2011 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J Allman ◽  
Iser G DeLeon ◽  
John H Wearden
Keyword(s):  
Interval Timing ◽  
Social Reciprocity ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Timing System ◽  
Sense Of Time ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
Bisection Procedure

Abstract Perception of time, in the seconds to minutes range, is not well characterized in autism. The required interval timing system (ITS) develops at the same stages during infancy as communication, social reciprocity, and other cognitive and behavioral functions. The authors used two versions of a temporal bisection procedure to study the perception of duration in individuals with autism and observed quantifiable differences and characteristic patterns in participants' timing functions. Measures of timing performance correlated with certain autism diagnostic and intelligence scores, and parents described individuals with autism as having a poor sense of time. The authors modeled the data to provide a relative assessment of ITS function in these individuals. The implications of these results for the understanding of autism are discussed.

scholarly journals Exercise and Time Perception: An Exploration of the Impact of High Intensity Cardio Exercise (Zumba) on Human Timing

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeevita S. Pillai ◽  
Aoife McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Timing ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Time is an important aspect of people’s lives and how it is perceived has a great impact on how we function, which includes whether we engage in activities such as exercise that are beneficial for our health. These activities can also have impact on our experience of time. The current study aims to investigate human interval timing after completion of one of two tasks: listening to an audiobook, or engaging in a Zumba workout. Participants in this study completed two temporal bisection tasks (pre and post intervention). Bisection points (point of subjective equality) and Weber’s ratios (sensitivity to time) were examined. It was hypothesised that individuals in the Zumba condition would experience a distortion in their timing post workout consistent with an increase in pacemaker speed. Unexpectedly there appeared to be no significant difference in bisection points across or within (pre/post) the conditions, suggesting that neither intervention had an impact on an internal pacemaker. However, there were significant differences in sensitivity to timing after Zumba Fitness suggesting a potential attentional focus post workout. Implications and future directions are also discussed.

Temporal Bisection Procedure

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Marilia Pinheiro de Carvalho ◽  
Armando Machado ◽  
Marco Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Bisection Procedure

scholarly journals For Whom the Bell Tolls

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-155
Author(s):  
Björn Magnusson Staaf
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Archaeological Interpretation ◽  
Sense Of Time ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Medieval Ireland ◽  
The Church ◽  
Theological Concept

Time perception has important consequences for how human activity is structured. The question of how time perception has shifted in history could therefore be of certain importance in archaeological interpretation. This article is an attempt to analyze the construction of time in early- and high-medieval lreland and Scandinavia. The bell and the sound of the bell related to a theological concept in Christian ideology which referred to time. The bell was to become an utensil of power in the process of christianization. With help of the bell, the church partly abolished the subjectivity in the perception of time. When the bell rang it thereby dictated a common sense of time. We could therefore perhaps assume that a conceptual polemic concerning time has been one of the reasons for conflicts in medieval Ireland and Scandinavia.

scholarly journals What is timed in a fixed-interval temporal bisection procedure?

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam E. Fox ◽  
Katelyn E. Prue ◽  
Elizabeth G. E. Kyonka
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Bisection Procedure

Associated Information Increases Subjective Perception of Duration

Perception ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1000-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Schweitzer ◽  
Sabrina Trapp ◽  
Moshe Bar
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Predictive Processing ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Subjective Duration ◽  
Associative Processes ◽  
Sense Of Time ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
Perceived Duration

Our sense of time is prone to various biases. For instance, one factor that can dilate an event's perceived duration is the violation of predictions; when a series of repeated stimuli is interrupted by an unpredictable oddball. On the other hand, when the probability of a repetition itself is manipulated, predictable conditions can also increase estimated duration. This suggests that manipulations of expectations have different or even opposing effects on time perception. In previous studies, expectations were generated because stimuli were repeated or because the likelihood of a sequence or a repetition was varied. In the natural environment, however, expectations are often built via associative processes, for example, the context of a kitchen promotes the expectation of plates, appliances, and other associated objects. Here, we manipulated such association-based expectations by using oddballs that were either contextually associated or nonassociated with the standard items. We find that duration was more strongly overestimated for contextually associated oddballs. We reason that top-down attention is biased toward associated information, and thereby dilates subjective duration for associated oddballs. Based on this finding, we propose an interplay between top-down attention and predictive processing in the perception of time.

Business Cycles and the Sense of Time in Medieval Genoa

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycles ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Sense Of Time ◽  
Perception Of Time

A great deal has been written about the perception of time before the invention of mechanical timepieces, but the nature of the evidence has led much of this literature to take on an impressionistic, even metaphysical, cast. In the following article, Professor Epstein uses specific data gleaned from the cartularies of thirteenth–century Genoese notaries to investigate more concretely the uses of time and the structure of the business day in Genoa. He concludes that, in this early center of Western commercial activity at least, an impulse toward greater precision in marking the time of day preceded the arrival of the clock.

More consistent, yet less sensitive: Interval timing in autism spectrum disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2093-2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Falter ◽  
Valdas Noreika ◽  
John H. Wearden ◽  
Anthony J. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Discrimination ◽  
Interval Timing ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scalar Property ◽  
Modal Interval ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Temporal Intervals ◽  
Perception Of Time

Even though phenomenological observations and anecdotal reports suggest atypical time processing in individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), very few psychophysical studies have investigated interval timing, and the obtained results are contradictory. The present study aimed to clarify which timing processes function atypically in ASD and whether they are related to the ASD diagnostic profile. Visual, auditory, and cross-modal interval timing was assessed in 18 individuals with ASD using a repeated standards version of the temporal generalization task. The use of two different standard durations (600 and 1,000 ms) allowed for an assessment of the scalar property of interval timing in ASD, a fundamental characteristic of interval timing. The ASD group showed clearer adherence to the scalar property of interval timing than the control group. In addition, both groups showed the normal effect that auditory stimuli had longer subjective durations than visual ones. Yet, signal detection analysis showed that the sensitivity of temporal discrimination was reduced in the ASD group across modalities, in particular for auditory standards. Moreover, response criteria in the ASD group were related to symptom strength in the communication domain. The findings suggest that temporal intervals are fundamentally processed in the same way in ASD and TD, but with reduced sensitivity for temporal interval differences in ASD. Individuals with ASD may show a more conservative response strategy due to generally decreased sensitivity for the perception of time intervals.

scholarly journals Uso do procedimento de bissecção temporal na avaliação de idosos com doença de Alzheimer: uma revisão sistemática

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Andreza Almeida Andreatto ◽  
Marcelo Bussotti Reyes ◽  
Danilla Icassatti Corazza ◽  
Renata Valle Pedroso ◽  
Flávia Gomes de Melo Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Interval Timing ◽  
Time Discrimination ◽  
On Line ◽  
Perception Of Time

OBJETIVO: Realizar revisão sistemática de artigos que utilizaram o método de bissecção, para avaliar a percepção de tempo em idosos com doença de Alzheimer e analisar seus parâmetros. MÉTODO: As buscas dos artigos foram conduzidas no período de março a maio de 2011, nas seguintes bases de dados: Web of Science, Science Direct on Line, Biological Abstracts, PsychoInfo e Medline. As palavras-chave e operadores booleanos foram: "interval timing" ou "perception of time" ou "time discrimination" ou "reproduction of time" e "Alzheimer's disease". Também foram realizadas buscas manuais nas referências dos artigos selecionados. RESULTADOS: Quatro artigos contemplavam todos os critérios de inclusão, nos quais foram encontradas grandes variações nos parâmetros utilizados no método. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com doença de Alzheimer apresentam prejuízos nas tarefas de bissecção de tempo, que podem ser explicados pelo declínio gradual nas habilidades que são utilizadas no teste de percepção de tempo. Há grandes variações nos intervalos de tempo utilizados. Neste contexto, há necessidade de mais estudos, controlados e randomizados, para investigar potenciais efeitos das variações nos intervalos de tempo do método de bissecção. Os resultados de tais estudos poderão contribuir para o estabelecimento de parâmetros mais adequados e fidedignos.

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