Parents Taking Action: Adapting a Peer-to-Peer Program for Parents Raising Black Children With Autism

Inclusion ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-224
Author(s):  
Sarah Dababnah ◽  
Wendy E. Shaia ◽  
Irang Kim ◽  
Sandy Magaña
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Black Children ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Intervention Implementation ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Parent Leaders ◽  
Community Advisory Group ◽  
Taking Action

Abstract We report on the adaptation and delivery of a peer-led, 14-session manualized program, Parents Taking Action, among parents raising Black children with autism in low-income neighborhoods. We engaged a community advisory group made up of parents and grandparents of Black children with autism, a Black self-advocate, clinicians, and other stakeholders to culturally adapt the intervention. Three Parent Leaders delivered the program to seven Black mothers of children with autism. We collected and analyzed quantitative and qualitative data on intervention implementation. Our study revealed key participation barriers and facilitators facing families of Black children with autism, particularly financial and other material burdens, which can inform efforts to better serve parents experiencing the effects of poverty and racism.

scholarly journals Shining Light and Creating Solutions: Health and Social Needs of Older Affordable Housing Residents

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 685-685
Author(s):  
Lori Simon-Rusinowitz ◽  
C Daniel Mullins ◽  
Karen Morales ◽  
Rodney Elliott ◽  
Constance Raab
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health And Social Services ◽  
Community Advisory Group

Abstract Aging within a community requires access to health and social services. This project lays the groundwork for an innovative, three-part health and social services intervention intended to improve the health and well-being of older affordable housing residents in a low-income, vulnerable Baltimore neighborhood. We will report on the first part, an assessment of residents’ unmet health and social service needs and their ideas for meeting these needs. With guidance from a community advisory group of older residents (a key program component), we are conducting structured interviews with 50 elders to identify residents’ needs and interests. These findings will inform the next project segments: Part 2- exploring how the Village model (in which neighbors identify and offer needed services to help their neighbors age within a community) can be adapted for an affordable housing setting, and Part 3- adapting an evidence-based housing-plus-services model to meet older residents’ unmet needs.

“Brenda’s Got a Baby”

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooklynn K. Hitchens ◽  
Yasser Arafat Payne
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Single Motherhood ◽  
Structural Inequality ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Group Interviews

This secondary analysis examines low-income, street-identified single Black mothers aged 18 to 35 years in Wilmington, Delaware. This study is guided by the following question: To what extent do family composition and criminal record/street activity shape notions of Black single motherhood? “Sites of resilience” theory informs this study by providing a reconceptualization of street life and the phenomenological experiences of street-identified Black women. This analysis draws on 310 surveys, 6 individual interviews, 3 dual interviews, 2 group interviews, and extensive field observations. Findings reveal how these women experience single motherhood within the context of blocked opportunity and structural inequality. Results also indicate that most women socially reproduced childhood attitudes and conditions, including “fatherless” homes and single motherhood. Use and sales of narcotics and incarceration were primary factors for why their children’s father didn’t reside in the home. Findings also suggest that number of children, arrest and incarceration rates, and educational and employment statuses are predictive of marital status in the women.

Cripping the Welfare Queen

Social Text ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-101
Author(s):  
Jina B. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Low Income ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
State Violence ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Disability Theory ◽  
Queer Of Color Critique ◽  
Public Resource ◽  
Welfare Queen

Abstract Drawing together feminist- and queer-of-color critique with disability theory, this essay offers a literary-cultural reframing of the welfare queen in light of critical discourses of disability. It does so by taking up the discourse of dependency that casts racialized, low-income, and disabled populations as drains on the state, reframing this discourse as a potential site of coalition among antiracist, anticapitalist, and feminist disability politics. Whereas antiwelfare policy cast independence as a national ideal, this analysis of the welfare mother elaborates a version of disability and women-of-color feminism that not only takes dependency as a given but also mines the figure of the welfare mother for its transformative potential. To imagine the welfare mother as a site for reenvisioning dependency, this essay draws on the “ruptural possibilities” of minority literary texts, to use Roderick A. Ferguson’s coinage, and places Sapphire's 1996 novel Push in conversation with Jesmyn Ward's 2011 novel Salvage the Bones. Both novels depict young Black mothers grappling with the disabling context of public infrastructural abandonment, in which the basic support systems for maintaining life—schools, hospitals, social services—have become increasingly compromised. As such, these novels enable an elaboration of a critical disability politic centered on welfare queen mythology and its attendant structures of state neglect, one that overwrites the punitive logics of public resource distribution. This disability politic, which the author terms crip-of-color critique, foregrounds the utility of disability studies for feminist-of-color theories of gendered and sexual state regulation and ushers racialized reproduction and state violence to the forefront of disability analysis.

scholarly journals Disparity in Risk Factor Severity for Early Childhood Blood Lead among Predominantly African-American Black Children: The 1999 to 2010 US NHANES

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Yeter ◽  
Ellen C. Banks ◽  
Michael Aschner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
African American ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Racial Disparity ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Black Children ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Black

There is no safe detectable level of lead (Pb) in the blood of young children. In the United States, predominantly African-American Black children are exposed to more Pb and present with the highest mean blood lead levels (BLLs). However, racial disparity has not been fully examined within risk factors for early childhood Pb exposure. Therefore, we conducted secondary analysis of blood Pb determinations for 2841 US children at ages 1–5 years with citizenship examined by the cross-sectional 1999 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The primary measures were racial disparities for continuous BLLs or an elevated BLL (EBLL) ≥5 µg/dL in selected risk factors between non-Hispanic Black children (n = 608) and both non-Hispanic White (n = 1208) or Hispanic (n = 1025) children. Selected risk factors included indoor household smoking, low income or poverty, older housing built before 1978 or 1950, low primary guardian education <12th grade/general education diploma (GED), or younger age between 1 and 3 years. Data were analyzed using a regression model corrected for risk factors and other confounding variables. Overall, Black children had an adjusted +0.83 µg/dL blood Pb (95% CI 0.65 to 1.00, p < 0.001) and a 2.8 times higher odds of having an EBLL ≥5 µg/dL (95% CI 1.9 to 3.9, p < 0.001). When stratified by risk factor group, Black children had an adjusted 0.73 to 1.41 µg/dL more blood Pb (p < 0.001 respectively) and a 1.8 to 5.6 times higher odds of having an EBLL ≥5 µg/dL (p ≤ 0.05 respectively) for every selected risk factor that was tested. For Black children nationwide, one in four residing in pre-1950 housing and one in six living in poverty presented with an EBLL ≥5 µg/dL. In conclusion, significant nationwide racial disparity in blood Pb outcomes persist for predominantly African-American Black children even after correcting for risk factors and other variables. This racial disparity further persists within housing, socio-economic, and age-related risk factors of blood Pb outcomes that are much more severe for Black children.

scholarly journals Barriers and facilitators of implementation of a community cardiovascular disease prevention programme in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawlance Ndejjo ◽  
Rhoda K. Wanyenze ◽  
Fred Nuwaha ◽  
Hilde Bastiaens ◽  
Geofrey Musinguzi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Prevention Programme ◽  
Intervention Implementation ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Middle Income

Abstract Background In low- and middle-income countries, there is an increasing attention towards community approaches to deal with the growing burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have explored the implementation processes of such interventions to inform their scale up and sustainability. Using the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR), we examined the barriers and facilitators influencing the implementation of a community CVD programme led by community health workers (CHWs) in Mukono and Buikwe districts in Uganda. Methods This qualitative study is a process evaluation of an ongoing type II hybrid stepped wedge cluster trial guided by the CFIR. Data for this analysis were collected through regular meetings and focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted during the first cycle (6 months) of intervention implementation. A total of 20 CHWs participated in the implementation programme in 20 villages during the first cycle. Meeting reports and FGD transcripts were analysed following inductive thematic analysis with the aid of Nvivo 12.6 to generate emerging themes and sub-themes and thereafter deductive analysis was used to map themes and sub-themes onto the CFIR domains and constructs. Results The barriers to intervention implementation were the complexity of the intervention (complexity), compatibility with community culture (culture), the lack of an enabling environment for behaviour change (patient needs and resources) and mistrust of CHWs by community members (relative priority). In addition, the low community awareness of CVD (tension for change), competing demands (other personal attributes) and unfavourable policies (external policy and incentives) impeded intervention implementation. On the other hand, facilitators of intervention implementation were availability of inputs and protective equipment (design quality and packaging), training of CHWs (Available resources), working with community structures including leaders and groups (process—opinion leaders), frequent support supervision and engagements (process—formally appointed internal implementation leaders) and access to quality health services (process—champions). Conclusion Using the CFIR, we identified drivers of implementation success or failure for a community CVD prevention programme in a low-income context. These findings are key to inform the design of impactful, scalable and sustainable CHW programmes for non-communicable diseases prevention and control.

Understanding studentification dynamics in low-income neighbourhoods: Students as gentrifiers in Concepción (Chile)

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (14) ◽  
pp. 2863-2879 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Prada
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
University System ◽  
Urban Contexts

The studentification of neighbourhoods in university towns is a topic addressed in several studies, together with its varied effects. However, there are no contributions to this issue from the Latin American sphere, where the increase in the student population in recent decades constitutes one of the main sociodemographic changes of the region. This article analyses and interprets the changes produced in a marginal area, the neighbourhood of Agüita de la Perdiz (Concepción, Chile), as a consequence of the arrival of university students. From the application of a methodology that combines the use of quantitative and qualitative data, results obtained confirm the existence of some transformations similar to other case studies, together with other particular ones, explainable by the socially peripheral character and the informal origin of the neighbourhood analysed. Likewise, the quality of the Chilean university system would suppose segregation between students with more or less resources at the time for looking at lodging, so the profile of the students who stay in the neighbourhood is well defined. The conclusions indicate an emerging type of gentrification whose trigger was the arrival of students; an improving of the image of the neighbourhood is also observed in parallel to a deterioration of neighbourhood links. The study of this case contributes with new elements on the varied and dynamic effects of studentification in ‘peripheral’ urban contexts.

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