scholarly journals Effect of Total Hip Bone Area on Osteoporosis Diagnosis and Fractures

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1468-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D Leslie ◽  
James F Tsang ◽  
Lisa M Lix
Keyword(s):  
Bone Area ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Osteoporosis Diagnosis

scholarly journals Total Hip Bone Area Affects Fracture Prediction With FRAX® in Canadian White Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 4242-4249 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D Leslie ◽  
Lisa M Lix ◽  
Sumit R Majumdar ◽  
Suzanne N Morin ◽  
Helena Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
Fracture Prediction ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Total Hip

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes and Change in Total Hip Bone Area and Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Swedish Men and Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Mitchell ◽  
Tove Fall ◽  
Håkan Melhus ◽  
Lars Lind ◽  
Karl Michaëlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Hip

Abstract Context In a cross-sectional study, we found an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and smaller bone area together with a greater bone mineral density (BMD) at the total hip. Objective To investigate these associations longitudinally, by studying T2DM status (no T2DM n=1521, incident T2DM n=119 or prevalent T2DM n=106) in relation to changes in total hip bone area and BMD. Methods In three cohorts, the Swedish Mammography Cohort Clinical (SMCC; n=1060, Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS; n=483) and Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM; n=203), with repeat assessment of T2DM status and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of total hip bone area and BMD on average 8 years apart, a linear regression model was used to assess the effect of T2DM status on change in bone area and BMD at the total hip. Results After meta-analysis, the change in bone area at the total hip was 0.5% lower among those with incident T2DM compared to those without T2DM (-0.18 cm 2 [95% CI -0.30, -0.06]). The change in bone area was similar among those with prevalent T2DM compared to those without (0.00 cm 2 [95% CI -0.13, 0.13]). For BMD, the combined estimate was 0.004 g/cm 2 (95% CI -0.006, 0.014) among those with incident T2DM and 0.010 g/cm 2 (95% CI -0.000, 0.020) among those with prevalent T2DM, compared to those without T2DM. Conclusion Those with incident T2DM have a lower expansion in bone area at the total hip compared to those without T2DM.

scholarly journals Fasting glucose, bone area and bone mineral density: a Mendelian randomisation study

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Mitchell ◽  
Susanna C. Larsson ◽  
Tove Fall ◽  
Håkan Melhus ◽  
Karl Michaëlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mendelian Randomisation ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Observational studies indicate that type 2 diabetes mellitus and fasting glucose levels are associated with a greater risk for hip fracture, smaller bone area and higher bone mineral density (BMD). However, these findings may be biased by residual confounding and reverse causation. Mendelian randomisation (MR) utilises genetic variants as instruments for exposures in an attempt to address these biases. Thus, we implemented MR to determine whether fasting glucose levels in individuals without diabetes are causally associated with bone area and BMD at the total hip. Methods We selected 35 SNPs strongly associated with fasting glucose (p < 5 × 10−8) in a non-diabetic European-descent population from the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (MAGIC) (n = 133,010). MR was used to assess the associations of genetically predicted fasting glucose concentrations with total hip bone area and BMD in 4966 men and women without diabetes from the Swedish Mammography Cohort, Prospective Investigation of Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors and Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men. Results In a meta-analysis of the three cohorts, a genetically predicted 1 mmol/l increment of fasting glucose was associated with a 2% smaller total hip bone area (−0.67 cm2 [95% CI −1.30, −0.03; p = 0.039]), yet was also associated, albeit without reaching statistical significance, with a 4% higher total hip BMD (0.040 g/cm2 [95% CI −0.00, 0.07; p = 0.060]). Conclusions/interpretation Fasting glucose may be a causal risk factor for smaller bone area at the hip, yet possibly for greater BMD. Further MR studies with larger sample sizes are required to corroborate these findings. Graphical abstract

MR Imaging with Metal Artifact Reduction to Differentiate between Patients with and without Infected Total Hip Arthroplasty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Schwaiger ◽  
Alexandra Gersing ◽  
Daniela Muenzel ◽  
Julia Dangelmaier ◽  
Peter Prodinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Artifact Reduction ◽  
Metal Artifact ◽  
Metal Artifact Reduction ◽  
Total Hip

The Hemodynamic and Fibrinolytic Response to Low Dose Epinephrine and Phenylephrine Infusions During Total Hip Replacement Under Epidural Anesthesia

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (04) ◽  
pp. 436-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel E Sharrock ◽  
George Go ◽  
Robert Mineo ◽  
Peter C Harpel
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Cardiac Index ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryLower rates of deep vein thrombosis have been noted following total hip replacement under epidural anesthesia in patients receiving exogenous epinephrine throughout surgery. To determine whether this is due to enhanced fibrinolysis or to circulatory effects of epinephrine, 30 patients scheduled for primary total hip replacement under epidural anesthesia were randomly assigned to receive intravenous infusions of either low dose epinephrine or phenylephrine intraoperatively. All patients received lumbar epidural anesthesia with induced hypotension and were monitored with radial artery and pulmonary artery catheters.Patients receiving low dose epinephrine infusion had maintenance of heart rate and cardiac index whereas both heart rate and cardiac index declined significantly throughout surgery in patients receiving phenylephrine (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively). Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity increased significantly during surgery (p <0.0005) and declined below baseline postoperatively (p <0.005) in both groups. Low dose epinephrine was not associated with any additional augmentation of fibrinolytic activity perioperatively. There were no significant differences in changes in D-Dimer, t-PA antigen, α2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complexes or thrombin-antithrombin III complexes perioperatively between groups receiving low dose epinephrine or phenylephrine. The reduction in deep vein thrombosis rate with low dose epinephrine is more likely mediated by a circulatory mechanism than by augmentation of fibrinolysis.

Plasma Prekallikrein Activity in Patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (04) ◽  
pp. 1040-1042
Author(s):  
J J M L Hoffmann ◽  
J H J P M Kortmann
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Contact System ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Activity Factor ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Kallikrein Activity

SummaryThe behaviour of the contact system was studied in 40 patients with total hip arthroplasty, by measuring plasma prekallikrein, spontaneous kallikrein activity and factor XII. In the literature it had been shown that patients with complications from this operation had decreased prekallikrein and increased kallikrein activity (M. Nakahara. Acta orthop scand 1982; 53: 591-6). In the present study, comprising patients with and without pain and proven loosening of the hip prosthesis, these findings could only partially be confirmed. Patients with a loosened prosthesis had significantly lower prekallikrein (mean 0.78 ± 0.28 U/ml; p <0.01) than patients without problems, but no detectable kallikrein activity in plasma. Patients with pain but no loosening had normal prekallikrein (1.04 ±0 0.26 U/ml) and also no demonstrable kallikrein activity. Factor XII was normal in all patient groups. It is concluded that decreased prekallikrein is limited to patients with a loosened hip prosthesis, with or without pain.

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